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and plant two rows of Cauliflowers, at four feet 

 diftance row from row, and two feet and a half afua- 

 der in the rows, fo that there are always five feet 

 allowed for the Artichokes to grow ; and in May, 

 when the Radilhes or Spinach are taken off, they fow 

 a row of Cucumbers for pickling, exactly between 

 the two rows of Cauliflowers, at three feet difl:ance 

 from each other •, and between the rows of Cauli- 

 flowers and tlie Artichokes, plant a row of Cabbages 

 or Savoys for winter ufe, which, when the Cauliflow- 

 ers are drawn oft', and the Artichokes gathered, will 

 have full liberty to grow, and by this means the 

 ground is fully employed through the whole feafon. 

 This has long been the practice of the kitchen-gar- 

 deners near London, who pay large rents for their 

 knd, fo are obliged to get as many crops in a year 



from it as pofllble. 



In thofe which are planted at five feet diftance row 

 from row, you may plant in every other row a line 

 of Cabbages or Savoys for winter ufe, which will be 

 gone by the time of landing them up ; in doing of 

 which you muft lay the whole five feet of earth into 

 one ridge, except the ground be extreme ftiff, or the 

 plants young, in both which cafes you may lay only 

 three feet and a half of the ground in the ridge 

 over the roots, and the remainder may be laid in a 

 fmall ridge between ; the fame compafs of ground 

 muft alfo be allov/ed where they are planted at a wider 



diftance. ^ 



And if in the fpring you find your ftocks fhoot very 

 weak, which may have been occafioned either by hard 

 froft, or too much wet, you muft then uncover them, 

 and with your fpade loofen and break the earth about 

 them, raifing a fmall hill about eachftock, leveUing 

 the reft between the rows, which will greatly help 

 them, and in three weeks, or a month's time after, 

 they are commonly fit to flip. 



Thofe Artichokes which are planted in a moift rich 

 foil, will always produce the largeft and beft fruit ; 

 fo that where fuch a foil can be obtained, it will be 

 proper to make a frefta plantation every fpring, to 

 fucceed the old ftocks, and fupply the table in au- 



tumn. 



But the roots will not live through the win- 



ter in a moift foil, fo that your ftocks which you in- 

 tend ftiould remain to fupply the table early, and 

 to furnifh plants, fliould be in a drier foil. You 

 fliould always obfcrve to plant thefe in an open fitu- 

 ation, and not under the *drip of trees, where they 

 will draw up very tall, and prodvice fmall infignificant 

 fruit. 



ARTICHOKES of Jerufalem. See Helian- 



THUS. 



ARTICULATION, is the connexion of parts 

 that confift of joints, or knees, fiich as are the fiH- 

 quai [the hufks] of many plants ; as of the Ornitho- 

 podium, Coronilla, which are joined together by a 

 ibluble knot ; whence thofe parts are called articu- 

 lof^, and are faid to be connedled articulatim, or 

 geniculatim ; and fuch plants are called Articulofa^, 

 whofe roots are jointed, although the ftalks have no 

 joints -, fo the root of Polygonatum is faid to be ar- 

 ticulofe, or geniculated. - 



A R U M, Wake Robin, or Cuckow Pint. 



The Characters are, - ' ' 



The fell- cr kath a large oblong fpatha^ which is clofcd . 

 ihe vGttom^ comprejfed in the middle^ and coloured 'wilhif, 

 ihe fpadix is Jingle^ paped like a club at the top^ a) 

 fhorter than the fpatha upon which the germen are Jit 

 ated. It hath no petals nor jiaminuy but many four-co 

 nered fiamnits^ fitting clofe to the germen^ with a doul 

 row of hairs between thcm^ which adhere to the [p. 

 dix. There are many oval germen which furround t, 

 upper part of the fpadix^ having no Jiyles, but ha' 



bearded ftigma : the germen afi 



d feeds 



This genus of plants is ranged in the feventh feclion 



of LinnjEus's twentieth clafs, entitled Gynandria Po- 



lyandria, thefe plants having male and female flowers 



joined, but have no ftamma nor ftyle, but many 

 fummits. 



6 



A 



This plant is called Wake Robin, from the fliarp 

 acrid tafte, which, if eaten, will occafion a violent 

 pain in every part of the mouth and throat, attended 

 commonly with a great dcfluxion of water. 

 The Species are, 



1. Arum [Maculatum) acaule foliis haftatis integerrimls 



fpadice clavato. Hort. Upfal. 434. Aru7n without 



fialk^ fpear-fioaped entire leaves^ and a club-fhuped fpadix. 



Arum vulgare maculaturri & non maculatum. C. B. P. 



195. The common Arum^ 



2. Arum (Italicum) foliis haftatis acutis petiolis longifll- 

 mis fpatha maxima erefta. Arum without ftalk^ pointed 

 fpear-Jhaped leaves^ with long foot-ftalks^ and a large up- 

 right fpatha. Arum venis albis Italicum maximum. 

 H. R. Par. 



3. Arum {Probofcidium) acaule foliis haftatis fpatha de- 



clinata filiformi-fubulata. Lin. Sp. Plant. 966. Aru77% 



without jlalk^ fpear-foaped leaves^ and a declining awl- 



fhaped fpatha. Ariiarum flore in tenucm caudam 



abeunte. Tourn. Inft. 161. Friers CgwL 



4. Arum [Arifarum) acaule foliis cordato-oblongis fpa- 

 tha bifida fpadice incurvo. Hort. Cliffy 435. Arum 

 without Jlalk^ oblong hear t-Jh aped leaves^ a bifid fpatha^ 

 and an incurved fpadix. Arifarum latifolium majus. 

 C. B. P. 19 6. Broad-leaved Friers CowL 



5. Arum {Tenuifolium) acaule foliis lanceolatis f[')adlce 

 fetaceo declinato. Hort. Cliff. 345. Arum without ft alk^ 

 fpear-fioaped leaves^ and a briftly declining fpadix. An- 

 famm anguftifolium Diofcoridis forte. Bocrh. Ind- 

 alt. 2. p. yj,. 



6. Arum (Firginicum) acaule foliis haftato-cordatis acu- 

 tis angulis obtufis. Hort. Cliff; 434. Arum without 

 ftalk^ pointed^ fpear^ heart-fhaped leaves^ with cbtufe 



angles. 



7. Arum i^riphyllum) acaule foHis ternatis floribus mo- 

 noids. Flor. Virg. 113. Three-leaved Arum without 



ftalk. Arum minus triphyllum arifarum pene viridi 

 Virginianum. Mon Hift. 3. p. 547. 



8. Arum (Bracunculus) foliis pedatis, foliolis pctiolatis 

 integerrimis asquantibus fpatham fpadice longiorem. 

 Lin. Sp, Prod. Leyd. 7. Arum with fcot-fioapedleavesy 

 compofed of fpear-flmpcd., entire^ equal lobes ^ and the fpa- 

 tha much longer than the fpadix. Dracunculus poly- 

 phyllus. C. B. P. 195. Common Dragon. 



9. Arum {Dracontlum) foliis pedatis, foliolis lanceolatis 

 integerrimis fuperantibus fpatham fpadice breviorem. 

 Prod. Leyd. 7. Arum with foot-fhaped leaves^ the up- 

 per being compofed of fpear-fhaped entire lobes., and the 

 fpatha fiorter than the fpadix. Arum polyphyllum mi- 

 nus & humilius. PI. L. 60. 



10. Arum {Trilobatum) acaule foliis fagittato trilobis flore 

 feftile. Flor. Zeyl. 326. Trifoliate Arum without ftalks., 

 and a flower growing clofe to the root. Arum humile 



Zeylanicum latifolium piftillo coccineo. Hort. Amft. 

 I. p. ^y. 



11. Arum {Colocafia) acaule foliis peltatis ovatis repan- 

 dis bafi femibifidis, Hort. Cliff". 434. Arum without 

 ftalk^ targetftoaped oval leaves^ waved and fiinuated at 

 their borders^ and divided into two parts at their bafe. 

 Arum maximum -Slgypdacum quod vulgo Colocafia. 

 Called Colocafia. 



12. Arum (Bet^ folia) acaule foliis ccrdatis nervofis flo- 

 ribus fefTilibus. Artrm without ftalk^ nervous heart-floaped 

 leaves., and flowers without petals. Arum Americanum 

 betse folio. Catefl^. Hift. Car. i. 71. Celled Scunk 

 Weed. 



13. Arum {Bivaricatum) acaule foliis cordatis angulatis 

 divaricatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 966. Arum without ft alk^ 

 and heart-fhaped angular leaves. Arum acaule foliis 

 fubhaftatis. Flor. Zeyl, 325. 



14. Arum {Pcregrinum) acaule foliis cordatis obtufis 

 mucronatis an^ulus rotundatis. Hort. Clifi^ 435. A- 



rum w 



rf^ 



5. 



'ithot^t ftalk., blunt heart fhaped leaves^ which are 



pointed^ and the angles rounded., called Edder in America. 

 15. Arum (Efculentem) acaule foliis peltatis ovatis inte- 

 gerrimis bafi femibifidis. Hort. Clift". 453. Arum 

 without ftalk^ oval target-ftjaped leaves., whofe bafe are 

 divided in two parts. Arum minus nymphses; folio 



efculentuni. Sloan. Cat, Jam. 62. 



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16. Ari^'m 



