and if they are afterward corttinued m the bark-liove, 

 they will make great progrefs, and their leaves will 

 be larger. .They may be kept in a dry fiove, upon 

 fhelves, after they are well eftablilhed in the pots, 

 but they will not be fo ftrong as the other. 

 The twelfth fort I was favoured with by Mr. Peter 

 CoUinfon, F. R. S. who procured the root from North 

 America, where it naturally grows. This requires a 

 moift foil, and a ftiady fituation, but is hardy in re- 

 fpedl of cold. It flowered two years in the garden 

 at Chelfea, but in a very dry feafon decayed* The 

 flowers came up before there was any appearance of 

 leaves i the fputha \vas large, and the piilil fhort and 

 blunt i the female flowers were ranged each between 

 a fort of cheque work, which was diagonal to the 

 piflil V the flower decayed without any appearance of 



feed. 



The feventeenth fort rifes to the height of fix or feven 



feet, with a green jointed italk as large as a walking 



ftick ; the leaves are placed irregularly at the top of 



the {talks, growing in a clufl;er : thefe are oblong, and 



of a light green colour ; from between the leaves the 



flowers come out on the fide of the fl:alk, having a 



long fpatha of a pale green colour, marked with white 



fpots, fitting clofe to the fl:em of the plant j at their 



' . firft: appearance they fl:and ereft, foon after they are 



horizontal, and in a little time they decline downward ; 



their lower part is fwelling fo far as the flowers are 



ranged on the piftil, aboye^ \\rhich it is greatly con- 



trafted, and toward the top enlarges again, where 



it is a little open, fo as to fliew the naked part of the 



piftil, but is twifted again at the top. All the lower 



part clofely folds oyer the piftil, fo that it is, fcarce 



difcernible, unlefs the fpatha is opened,^ which can 



.only be done on one fide, the other adhering clofely 



. ^o the piftil, fo far upward as the flowers extend the 



. ftai;ed part of the piftil only being feparated from it-, 



&t that the female flowers and ftamina are raneed only 



upon one fide of the piftil, in which it differs from all 



the other fpecies which I have feen. 



It grows naturally in the fugar iflands, and other warm 



parts of America, chiefly in the low grounds ; the 



whole plant abounds with an acrid juice, fo that if a 



leaf or part of the ftalk is broken, and applied to the 



tip of the tongue, it caufes a very painful fenfation, 



and occafions the falivary du6ts to fwell, and brings 



on a great defluxion of faliva j the ftalks of this plant 



are fometimes applied to the mouths of the negroes 



by way of puniftament, which is indeed bad enough. 



This fort is propagated by cutting off the ftalks into 



lengths of three or four joints, which muft be laid to 



dry fix weeks or two montlis ; for if the wounded 



part is not perfeftly healed over before the cuttings 



are planted, they will rot and decay : thefe fliould 



. be planted in fmall pots filled with light fandy earth, 



and plunged into a moderate hot-bed of tan, being 



careful that they have little wet, until they have made 



good roots •, when they are well eftabliflied at bottom, 



fome of them may be placed in a dry ftove, and others 



plunged into the tan-bed in the bark-ftove, where 



they will make the greateft progrefs, and produce 



more flowers than the others. It is a tender plant, fo 



muft be conftantly kept in the ftove, and ftiould have 



very little wet in winter. 



. l^he eighteenth fort is a fcandent plant, fending out 



roots from the ftem and branches, the leaves are large, 



hcart-lhaped, having three lobes or ears ^ the flowers 



are inclofed in a large fpatha j but thefe are not fruit- 



. tul in England. This is a tender plant, fo requires 



to be conftantly kept in the bark ftove, and treated 



as other tender exotic 'plants, which come from hot 



. countries. It is propagated by cutting off the branches, 



which readily put out roots, for all thefe fpecies which 



are natives of hot countries, never produce feeds in 



England. 



ARUM ^THIOPICUM. See Calla. 



A R U iM S C A N D E N S, See Dr acontium. 



ARUNDO. Lin. Gen. Plant. 76. The Reed. 



The Characters are, 



Tl is of the Grafs tribe \ the f!o%vers grow in fpikes^ and 





are Included in a chaff which is ohlong^ pointed^ and opens 



with two valves. The petals of the flowers are bivalve 

 and longer than the empalement^ having a down at thir 

 bafe^ which rifes almofi their length \ it hath three hairy 

 ftamina^ crotvned with horned fummits ; in the center is 

 Jituated an oblong germen^ fupporting two fender flyjes 

 which are hairy and reflexed^ crowned with a ftmplejli<r^ 

 ma, "The germen afterij^ard becomes an oblong pointed fced^ 

 with long down adhering to its bafe. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedioa 

 of Linnaius's third clafs, entitled Triandria Digynia, 

 the flowers having three ftamina and two ftyles.' 

 The Species are, 



1. Arundo {Phraginitis) calycibus quinqueflorls pani- 

 cula laxa. Prod. Leyd. 66. Reed %vith five flowers in 

 each cup^ growing in kofe panicles. Arundo vulgaris pa- 

 lurtris. J. B. 2. 485. 27?^ common Marfh Reed. 



2. Arundo (Donax) calycibus trifioris panicula diffusl 

 Prod. Leyd. 6.6. Reed with three flowers included in each 

 cup^ growing in diffufed panicles. Arundo fativa quai 

 Donax Diofcoridis. C. B. P. ij. This is fometimes 

 called by gardeners the Ever-green Reed, but for 

 what reafon I cannot imagine, becaufe the ftalks decay 

 every autumn, and new ftioots arife from the roots in 

 the fpring. 



3. Arundo (?^(?r/?c(?/(?r) Indica Laconica verficolor. Mor. 

 Hift. 3. p. 219. Indian Reed with variegated leaves, 

 Arundo Indica vaxiegata feu Laconica Theophrafti. 

 Cornut. Can. 55. 



4. Arundo {Bamboa) calycibus multifloris, fpicis ternis 

 feflilibus. Lin. Sp. 120. Reed with many flowers in the 

 cup^ andfeffile fpikes^ commonly called Bambu. Beeflia. 



MaL Vol. V. p. 119. and the Bambu altera fpe- 



cies. Raai Hift. 13 16. 

 Arundo (Jrk 



ftalk 



are pointed at both ends, Ily. Hort. Mai. Vol. I. p. 25. 

 6. Arundo {Orientalis) tenuifolia caule pleno ex qua 

 Turcse calamos parant. Tourn. Cor. 39. EafternReed 

 with a narrow leaf and afullftalk^ of which the "Turks 

 ma^e their writing pens. 



The firft fort is fo very common by the fides of rivers 

 and large ftanding waters in divers parts of England, 

 that it is needlels for me to fay any thing of its 

 culture. This is cut in autumn, when the leaves 

 begin to fall, and the ftems are changed brown, for 

 making hedges in kitchen-gardens, -and for many 

 other ufes. 



The fecond fort, although native of a warm country, 

 yet will bear the cold of our winters in the open 

 ground, provided it is planted in a foil not too wet ; 

 and if the winter fliould prove very levere, a little 

 mulch be laid over the roots ; it dies to the furface 

 in autumn, and rifes again the fucceeding fpring ; 

 and if kept fupplied with water in dry weather, will 

 grow ten or twelve feet high the fame fummer ; and 

 is very proper to intermix with trees and flirubs, or 

 tall plants and flowers in bofquets, where, by the 

 oddnefs of its appearance, it will have a good effed:, 

 in adding to the variety. This is propagated by part- 

 ing the roots early in the fpring, before they begin 

 to ftioot, and will, in a year or two, if your ground 

 be good, make very large ftools, fo that from each 

 ftool you may have eight or ten canes produced ; but 

 this never produces any fpikes of flowers in England. 

 The ftalks of this fort are brought from Portugal and 

 Spain, and are ufed by the weavers, as alfo to make 



fifliing-rods. 



The third fort is fuppofed to be a variety of the fe- 

 cond, differing therefrom only in having variegated 

 leaves. But this I much doubt, becaufe the fort with 

 variegated leaves is much tenderer than the other, fo 

 muft be flickered from the froft, otherwife it will not 

 live through the winter In England. The plant never 

 grows to a third part of the height of the other, and 

 the leaves are narrower and much ftiorter •, whether 

 thefe differences may not be occafioned by the wealc- 

 nefs of the plant, I cannot take upon me to deter- 

 mine i for it is well known, that all thofe plants w^hich 



have variegated leaver, are much weaker than the 



plain 



