"'I 



A 



^k 



^* 



^.>.re flirubby; and rife eight or ten feet high, putting 

 out leveral weak fide branches, garniflied v/ith long 

 narrow leaves, coming out in ch-Ulers like thofe of the 

 ' . Larch-tree; under each of thefe clufters is placed a 

 iingle Iharp thorn. The flalks continue feveral years, 

 _ and the leaves keep green all the winter. .,. This is 

 - commonly propagated by parting the roots, be- 

 caufe the plants rarely produce feeds in this country; 

 [ the beft time for this is in April, The roots muft be 

 planted in pots, and removed into the green-houfe in 

 . the autumn, for thefe plants will not live abroad in 

 . . Eno-land. '- ' 



, The fixth fort grows naturally in Spain, Portugal, 

 and Sicily, generally in rocky places. This fends up 

 . many weak irregular fhoots, which have no leaves, 

 but inftead thereof, are armed with fliort ftiff thorns, 

 Avhich come out four or five together from the fame 

 . pointj and fpread from each other every way. The 

 flowers are fmall, of an herbaceous colour •, the ber- 

 ries are largef than thofe of the common fort, and are 

 black when ripe. This is tender, fo muft be treated 

 ' as the third fort. :. - . . 



; The feventh fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 

 Hope. This fends up from the root feveral flender 

 ftalks, w^hich put out weak branches, declining down- 

 , ward; thefe are clofely garnifhed with^briftly leaves, 

 ,. like thofe of Garden Alparagus, which continue green 

 , through the year. It hath not produced any feeds in 

 . England, fo is only propagated by parting the 

 roots, as the fifth fort, and the plants iliould be treated 

 ' in the fame manner. . 



f ^J^r^' 



:'■■ ' 



The eighth fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 

 ^ Hope ; this fends up rhany weak fhoots growing in 

 ! clufters, which are armed with iharp fpines, both on 



the fide and ends of the fhoots ; the leaves come out 

 V ih'fmall clufters," which continue green all the year. 

 ] ,This doth not produce feeds in England, fo is pro- 



I'^pagated as the fifth fort, and requires the fame treat- 

 ment. /..'., 



^ ,The tenth fort fends out from the root many weak 



/ climbing branches which rife five or fix feet high, 



[ garnifhed with narrow fpear-fhaped leaves coming out 



iingle; the fhoots are armed with fhort crooked fpines, 



which render it very troublcfome to handle the plants; 



for they are fo clofely fet on, that it is difficult to 



. touch the branches. This is propagated by parting 



the root ; but the plants muft be placed in a moderate 



ftove, otherwife it will not thrive in this country. It 



grows naturally in the ifland of Ceylon. . ^ . 



K 



Thefe plants are preferved in the gardens of the cu- 

 . rious, where they add to the variety; being not dif- 

 ficult to manage, where there is conveniency to houfe 

 them in winter. They fliould have a place among 

 other exotic plants; ■ • . 



ASPARAGUS SCANDENS. See Medeola. 



ASPEN-TREE. See Populus. 



.A S P E R I F O L I O U S plants [^afperifolius, of afper, 

 rough, and folium, LaL a leaf] are fuch plants as are 

 rough-leaved, having their leaves placed alternately, 

 or without any certain order, on their ftalks : the 

 clafs of plants fo denominated by Mr. Ray, have a 

 monopetalous flower, cut or divided into five parts ; 

 after every flower there fucceed commonly four feeds. 

 ' Of this clafs are Buglofs, Borage, Comfrcy, Hounds 

 Tongue, &c. • 



A S P E R U G O, fmall Wild Buglofs. 

 The Characters are, * 



The empakment is of one leaf, cutflightly at the top into 



five eq^iial parts \ the flower is of one leaf, having a floor t 



' cylindrical tube, cut at the top into five fmall blunt parts, 

 which are clofed at their bafe: it hath five fhoriftamina, 



. crowned by oblong fummits ; in the center there are four 

 compreffed germen, fupporting a fhort fender ftyky crowned 

 by' a blunt ftigma, The germen afterward become four ob- 

 long feeds, inclofed in the empakment. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linna::us's fifth clafs, entitled Pentandria Monogynia, 

 the flower having five ftamina and one ftyle. 



We know but one Species of this genus, which is, 



AsPERUGO. Fldr. Lapp. ^^6. Small Wild Buglofs, Great 



-' ' ' 



■_ Goofe Grafs, or German Madwort. Bugloflam fylvei^rc! 

 caulibus prociimbentibus. C. B. P. 257. 

 This is an annual plant, which is found wild in feme 



. parts of England, as near Newmarket, at Boxley in 

 Suffex, and in Holy Ifland. It is prefei-ved in bo- 

 tanic gardens for variety, and may be eafily propa- 



; gated by feeds, which fhould be fown in autumn; 

 for if the feeds are kept out of the ground till fprino-, 

 they do not fucceed fo well. When, the plants come 

 up, they require no other culture but to keep them 



. clear from weeds, and in May they will flower: iu 

 June their feeds will be perfeded, which, if fuflercd 

 to fcatter, will grow again in autumn ; fo that when 

 this plant is once brought into a garden, it will main- 

 tain itfelf, provided it be allowed a place. • 



ASPERULA, Woodroof. 



This plant grows wild in fhady woods in many parts 

 of England, and flowers in April or May, and is 

 fometimes ufed in medicine. 



Dr. Linnseus has joined to this genus the Gallium 

 album, Gallium montanum, and Rubia* fynanchica 



... Saxatilis. C, B. But as thefe gro\v wild in England, 

 and are rarely admitted into gardens, I fliall pals them 

 over with juft mentioning them. . 



ASPHODELUS [^a^^c^^a^*, Gr. by Pliny it is 

 called Haftula, or Baccillus Reo-ius, becaufc when it 

 flowers, the ftalk refembles a royal fcepter.] King's 



■ Spear, 



The Characters are, . 



■ The flower has no empalement% it is of one leaf, cut into 

 . fix parts, which fpread open ; at the bottom is inferted a 



globular ne^arium, having fix valves ; // hath fix awU 

 fhaped flamina, which are inferted in the valves of the 

 ■ neilarium, and are crozvned by oblong fummits, which a7'e 

 profirate, and turn ^ upward ; between the neElariiim is 

 placed a globular germen, fupporting an awl-fhaped ftyle^ 

 crowned by a club-like ftigma : the empakment afterward 

 becomes a flefhy globular feed-veffel, having three cellsy 

 zvhich are filled with triangular feeds, ., .. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fedlion of 

 Linn^eus's fixth clafs, entitled Hexandria Monogynia, 

 the flower having fix ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 



1. AspHODELUs {Luteus) caule foliofo, foliis triquetris 

 fiftulofis. Hort. Chff. 127. King^s Spear with a leafy 

 ftalk, and triangular fiftiilar leaves, Afphodelus luteus 



& flore & radice. C. B. P. 28. 



2. AsPHODELus {Ramofus) caule nudo foHis enfiformibus 

 carinatis tevibus. Lin. Mat. Med. 172. Kin£s Spear 

 with a naked branching flalk, and fmooth, fword-fhapcd, 

 carinated leaves, Afphodelus albus ramofus ma^. 



c. B. P. 28. . :. 



3. AsPHODELus {Alhus) caule nudo fimplici foliis 

 lineari-enfiformibus, King^s Spear with a ftnglc naked 

 ftalk, and narrow fword-f japed leaves, Afphodelus albus 

 non ramofus. C. B. P. 28. 



4. AsPHOPELus {Fifiulofus) caule nudo foliis ftriftis fubu- 

 laris ftriatis fubfiftulofis. Hort. Cliff. 83. King's 

 with a naked ftalk, fiftular awUfljaped leaves, and an an- 

 nual root, Phalangium parvo flore ramofum foliis 

 fiftulofis annuum. H. L. 



The firft fort is the yellow Afphodel, which is direfted 

 for life in medicine ; this hath roots compofcd of many 

 thick, flcfhy, yellow fibres, joined into a head at the 

 top ; from whence arife ftrong, round, finglc ftalks, 

 near diree feet higli, garnifhed their whole length 

 with long triangular leaves, which are boat-fliaped, 

 of a fea-green colour ; the upper part of the ftalk is 

 adorned half way with yellow ftar-fliaped flowers, 

 which begin opening from the bottoiii, and are fol- 

 lowed by others above ; fo that on the fame fpike, 

 there is often a fucceifion of flowers for a month. It 

 flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 

 , There is a variety of this witli a larger flower, men- 

 tioned in the catalogue of the P^oyal Garden at Paris, 

 by the title of Alphodclus fpiralis luteus Itallcus 

 magno flore, the feeds of which I received from the 

 garden at Pifa, fome years ago ;,.and the firft year oi 

 the plants flowering in Chcliea garden, the flowers 

 were larger, and the fpiki's longer than tliofcof tlie 



6 ' ' common 



Spear 



