: •/■ 



where it grows naturally. 



mon Borage. 



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The fcCond fort was brought from Conftantinople, 



This is a perennial plane, 



having thick flcfhy roots, which fpread under the 



furtace of the ground, and is thereby propagated 



with great facility. This fends out many oblong 



hcart-lhaped leaves from the root, without any order, 



having long hairy foot-ftalks •, from the root arifes 



the flower-ftem, which is n)ore than two feet high 



when fully grown, having at the joints a fingle fmall 



leaf without a foot-ftalk. The upper part of the ftalk 



branches out into feveral fmall foot-ftalks, which are 



terminated by loofe panicles of flowers -, thefe are of 



a pale blue colour, and the petal is reflexed backward, 



fo that the connected ftamina and ftyle are left naked. 



After the flowers are fallen, the fourgermen become 



fo many rough feeds, fmaller than thofe of the com- 



It flowers in March, and the feeds 

 ripen in May. When the flower-fl:alk firft appears, 

 the flowers feem coUeded into a clpfe fpike, fome 

 of which often fpread open before the ftalk is fix 

 inches high j but as the ftalks advance, they divide 

 into many loofe fpikes. 



It is eafily propagated by the root, which may be 

 parted in the autumn ; thefe fliould have a dry foil 

 and a warm fituation, for as the flower-ftalks appear 

 early in the fpring, fo when they are much expofed, 

 they are often killed by the froft, and thereby pre- 

 vented flowering ; if thefe plants are planted in dry 

 rubbifli, they will not grow too luxuriant, fo will 

 not be in danger of fuff^ering by froft. Some of the 

 feeds of this have fcattered into^the joints of an old 

 wall in the Chelfea garden, where the plants have 

 grown without care for fome years, and are never in- 

 jured by cold or heat. 



The third and fourth forts grow naturally in Africa; 

 thcle are both annual plants, which rarely rife a foot 

 "'high, having rough ftalks; thofe of the third fort 

 ■ ' are fet on by pairs oppofite, with fhort foot-ftalks, 

 but the leaves of the fourth clofely embrace the ftalks 

 at their bafe ; the flowers come out on Ihort foot- 

 ft^ks from the wings of the leaves, and alfo at the 

 top of the ftalks. Thofe of the third fort are white, 

 and thofe of the fourth a pale flefla colour; but 

 neither of them make any great appearance, fo are 

 feldom cviltivatcd but in botanic gardens for va- 

 riety, ' 



The feeds of thefe plants fliould be fown upon a hot- 

 bed in March, and when the plants are ftrong enough 

 to be removed, they fliould be each planted in a fmall 

 ot filled with light eartli, and plunged into a new 

 ot-bcd to bring them forward, otherwife they will 

 not perfedt their feeds in this country; but in hot 

 weather they muft have a great fliare of air, otherwife 

 they will draw up weak, and fail before the feeds 

 are ripe. 



B O S E A, Yervamora, or Shrubby Golden-rod. 

 The Characters are, ' 



// hath an empakment compofed of five roundijh^ concave^ 

 equal leaves \ it hath no corolla^ hut five awl-jhaped fta- 

 mina longer than^ the empakment ^ terminated by Jingle 

 fummitS'y aytd an oblongs oval, pointed germen, with two 

 ftigma fitting clofe upon it. Jhe empalement afterward 

 becomes a globular berry with one cell^ inclofing one roundijh 

 feed. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 

 of Tinofeus's fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Digynia, 

 the flower having five ftamina and two ftyles. 

 Wc have but one Species of this plant, viz. 



EosEA. [Tervamora.) Lin. Hort. Clift". 84, Arbor bacci- 

 fcra Canarlcnfis, fyringin:^ cnerula^ foliis, purpuran- 

 tibus venis, fruttu monopyreno Yervamora Hifpa- 



' Tiorum. Pluk. Phyt. Commonly called Golden-rod-tree. 

 This plant is a native of the iflands of the Canaries, 

 and it harh alfo been fince found in fome of the Bri- 

 tlfli iflands in America ; but was firft brought into 

 England from the Canaries, and has been long an 

 inhabitant of the Englifli gardens ; but I have not as 

 et iccn any of thefe plants in flower, though I have 

 ad many old plants under my care more than forty 

 years ; it makes a pretty ftrong woody flirub, growing 



R 



w 



with a ftem as large as a middling perfon's Icgj the 

 branches come out very irregular, and make con- 

 fiderable flioots in fummer, which fliould be fliortcncd 

 every fpring, to preferve the heads of the plants in 

 any tolerable order : thefe branches retain their leaves 

 till toward the fpring, w^hen they fall away, and new 

 leaves are produced foon after : it may be propagated 

 by cuttings planted in the fpring, and the plants muft 

 be houfed in winter, being too tender to live in the 

 open air through the year, in this country. 

 BOS QJJ E T S are little groves ; fo called from Bof- 

 chetto, Italian, which is a diminutive of Bofco, a 



wood or grove. ^ . 



Thefe are fmall compartments in gardens, which arc 

 formed of trees, flirubs, or tall large growing plants, 

 planted in quarters ; and are either dilpofed regularly 

 in rows, or in a more wild or accidental manner, ac- 

 cording to the fancy of the owner : thefe quarters* are 

 commonly furrounded with Evergreen hedges, and 

 the entrance formed into regular porticos with Yews, 

 which are by far the beft and moft tonfile trees for 

 this purpofe. In the infide of thele quarters may be 

 made fome walks, either ftrait or winding; which, 

 if the quarters are large, Ihould be five or fix feet 

 broad, and may be laid with turf, and kept well 

 mowed and rolled, which will render the walking 

 much eafier and pleafanter than if the walks are only 

 the common earth ; which in fmaller quarters cannot 

 be otherwife, for if the trees are clofe, and the walks 

 narrow, fo as to be fliaded and over-hung by the trees, 

 the grafs will not grow. 

 Thefe quarters may be alfo furrounded with hedges 



of Lime, Elm, Hornbeam, or Beech ; which fliould 

 be kept well flieared, and not fufl^ered to rife too high ; 

 that tne heads of the trees may be fully feen over 

 them, and the ftems only hid from the fight, when 

 in the walks on the outfide of the quarters. 

 In the planting of thefe bofquets, you fliould obferve 

 td mix the trees, which produce their leaves of dif- 

 ferent fliapes, and various fliades of green, and hoary 

 or meally leaves, fo as to afford an agreeable profpefi : 

 befides, there is a great variety of different fruits, 

 which thefe trees produce in autumn ; which, altho* 

 of little or no ufe, that we know of, yet have a very 

 good effed, in affording an agreeable variety for fome 

 time after the leaves are gone ; as the Euonymus, or 

 ' Spindle-tree, the Opulus, or Marfti Elder, the Cock- 

 fpur Hawthorn, with many other forts, too nume- 

 rous to mention in this place ; whofe berries afford 

 food for the birds, fo that they will be thereby invited 

 to ftay and liarbour in thefe little groves, which by 

 their different notes, will render thefe places very 

 agreeable in the fpring. But I would advife never to 

 mix Evergreens with deciduous trees; for, befides 

 the ill effect it hath to the fight (efpecially jn winter,) 

 they feldom thrive well together; fo that thofe quar- 

 ters where you intend to have Evergreens, ffiouJd 

 be wholly planted therewith ; and in the other parts 

 mix as many varieties of different trees, which caft 

 their leaves, as you can conveniently; and alfo plant 

 fome of the largeft grov/ing flowers (efpecially near 

 the outfide of the quarters,) which will add greatly 

 to tlie variety, if they have but air enough to grow ; 

 but if any of the Evergreen trees are mixed with the 

 deciduous, it fliould be only to border the wood. 

 Thefe bofquets are proper only for fpacious gardens, 

 being expenfive in their firft making, as alfo in 

 keeping. 



B O T R Y S. See Chenopodium. 

 B O X-T REE. See Buxus. 



BRABEJUM, African Almond, vulg5. 

 The Characters are. 



The fiower hath no empalement ; it is compofed of four 

 narrow obtufe petals which are ereEl., forming a tube, but 

 are turned backward at top ; it hath four Jlender ftamina 

 which are inferted in the bottom of the petals, and are of 

 the fame length, having fmall fummits. In the center is 

 a fmall hairy germen, fupporting a flender ftyle, crowned 



by a fingle ftigma ; the germen afterward becomes an oval. 



hairy ^ dry berry, inclofing an oval nut. 



This 



