r* 



t 



r 



B 



B 



v; 



The Characters Are^ 



^he rrcct, or general mibel is contpofcd of near /c^ 

 rays cr fmall umbels^ \.Mch are jhort^ and dofe togeti. 

 The invclucrtm -of the great timlel is compcfed of m 

 fiort narro'-jv leaves^ thoje af the fmaller are the fame ^ 

 are as long as the umbels. The proper empakment of 

 ffo-wer is fcarce tlifcernibki The rays of the great mi 

 are uniform. The jlc-'j:jers have Jive heart-floaped pe 

 which are emtaL and turn inward \ they have five flam 



, " * * 



IT 



fi' 



are fhorter than the petals., terminated by 

 'ts \ 'the obloHg germen is fituatcd below the 

 fapporting tvoo reflexed ftyles 



ftignia. The germen afterward becomes an oval fruity 

 dividing in t^zvo parts^ containing t'lvo oval feeds^ plain 

 m one fide ^ and convex on the other. . , * •■ * 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 

 of LinncEus's fifth clafs of plants, intitled Pentandria 

 Digynia, the flower having five ftamina and two 



ftyles. ..!.,'-", .. . , . . ; ", , i . ' '■ 



The SpEctES are, . ..■, ./-., /\ - -i 



I. BuN^iuM (Bulboctfftamm) bulbo globofo. Saiiv. Morifp. 



256. Earth Nut ^.vith a globular root. Bulbocaftanum 



majus folio Apii. C. B. P. 162. '•■;^'' -"^ '-■ '- .w : ^ '^ 



2; BuNiuM {Creticum) radice tnrbinato. Earth Nut with 



a turbinated root. ^ Bulbocaftanum Creticum radice 



napi-formi. Tourn. Cor. ' ' ' ,.!- / i;y' 

 g. BuNiuM (Saxatile) foliis tripartitis filiformibus linea- 

 . ' ribus. Earth Nut with very narrow tripartite leaves. 



Bulbocaftanum minus faxatile Peucedani folio. Tourn. 



. Inft. 312. 



^r . r 



. The firft fort grows naturally in moift paftures, and 

 in woods, in many parts of England. . Of this there 

 is a variety, fuppofed to be' larger than that which 



•/grows commonly here, but I could never obferve 

 any efleritial difference between" them ; for in fome 



- places it is found mu'ch larger than in others, but when 

 .: they have been tranfplanted into a garden, they have 

 /. proved to be the fame. This hath a tuberous folid 



root which lies deep in the ground^ and puts out fi- 

 , 'x,bres from the bottom and fides. The leaves are finely 

 ; Cut, and lie near the ground. The ftalk rifes a foot 

 '] and a half high, -vVhich is round, channelled, and fo- 

 lid, the lower part being naked ; but above, where 

 it branches out, there is one leaf placed below every 

 branch, which are cut into finer legments than thofc 

 below. The flowers are white, and fliaped like thofe 

 of other umbelliferous plants ; the feeds are fmall, ob- 

 long, and when ripe arc channelled. It flowers in 

 May, and the feeds ripen in July, foon after which, 

 the whole herb decays to the ground. . ' 



The roots of this fort are frequently dug up, and by 

 the podrer fort of people are eaten raw, naving much 

 ' refemblance in tafte to the Chefnut, from whence it 



- had the title of Bulbocaftanum. Thefe roots, when 

 boiled, are very pleafant and delicious, and are fup- 

 pofed to affbrd great nourifliment. The fwine are very 

 fond of thefe roots, and will root them up, when they 

 are admitted where they grow, and will foon become 



' fat with feeding on them.. ...: . . 



, The fecond fort was difcovered by Dr. Tournefort in 

 ■ the ifland of Crete, but it grows naturally in many 



. other parts of the Levant. I received dried fam- 

 ples and feeds of this from Zant, \yhere it grows 

 plentifully. 



The third fort I received from the Alps. This is a 

 very low plant, fcldom rifing above fix inches high. 

 Thefe plants delight to grow among grafs, fo cannot 

 be made to thrive well long in a garden, ■ 



BUPHTHALMUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 876. Af- 



terifcus. Tourn. Inft. R. H. tab. 285. Ox-eye. 

 ■ The Characti: Rs are, • 



The ewpakracnt is different in the feveral fpecies. 

 hath a compound radiated fo%ver^ compofed of hermaph 

 dite and female florets. The hermaphrodite florets co 

 pofe the dijk \ thefe are funnel-fljaped^ and cut into J. 

 farts at the bri?n^ zvhich fprcad open^ and have five fl. 

 der ftamina^ which are floort^ terminated by cylindri 

 fummits. In the center isjituated an oval compreffed g 

 pien, fupporting a flcnder flyky crowned by a thick fligt 

 The germen afterward becomes an oblong fecd^ whofeb 



It 



female fit 



pofe the rays {or border) are ftretched out on one fide like 

 a tongue, which fpreads open^ and is indented at the top 

 in three parts \ thefe have no ftamina^ but a double-headed 

 germen, fup'porti'ng dfi'cndtr flyle, crowned by tivo oblong 

 fligma. The germen becomes a fingle comprejjed feed, cut 

 on each fide. . ', '. ■ - ^' - -. : 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedion 

 of Linn^us*s nineteenth clafs, intitled Syngencfia 

 Polygamia fuperfiua, the flowers having herniaphro-^ 

 dite and female florets, included in one common em- 



.' palement, wliich are both fruitful;";.. ... - . 

 ' The SrEciES are, . -, .. . . V 



i: BuPHTHALMUM (Helianthoides) calycibus foliolis, fo- 



..liis oppofitis ovatis ferratis triplinerviis caule herba- 



ceo.. Hort. Upfal. 264. Ox-eye with a leafy empalement^ 



' oval flawed leaves placed oppofite, having three veiiiSy 



■ and an herbaceous ft alh Chryfarithemum Scrophularia^ 



' .folio Americanum. Pluk. Aim. 99. tab. 22. fig. i. 



2; BuPHTHALMUM [Grandiflorum) foliis alternis lanceo- 



/latis fubdenticulatis glabris, calycibus nudis caule 



herbaceo. Hort; Cliff. 415. Ox-eye with fmooth fpear- 



. Jbaped leaves {indented below,) naked cmpalcments, and aA 



herbaceous ftalk. Afteroides Alpina falicis folio gla- 



bro. Tourn. Cor. 51. tab. 487; , , 



3. Bvi*UTHALy.vM{Saliciflolium) foliis alternis lanccola- 

 ^ tis fubferratis villofis calycibus nudis caule herbaceo. 



Hort. Cliff. 414. Ox-eye with flpearfhaped leaves placed 

 alternate, flawed below and hairy, naked empalements., and 

 an herbaceous ftalk. After luteus major, foliis faccifaf. 

 C. B. P. 266. 



4. BuPHTHALMUM (Spinoflum) calycibus acute foliofis, 

 ramis alternis, foliis lanceolatis amplcxicaulibus inte- 



, gerrimis caule herbaceo. Hort. Cliff. 414. Ox-eye with 

 acute leafly empalements, branches placed alternate^ and 

 entire leaves embracing the ftalks, which are herbaceous. 

 Afterifcus annuus, foliis ad .florem rigidis. .Tourn. 

 Inft. 497. . ■ ' 



5. BuPHTHALMUM {Seffile) floribiis axillaribus calycibus 

 - foliofis, fpinis terminalibus, foliis oblongis obtufis 

 . feffilibus. Ox-eye with fillers comi7tg from the forks of 



the branches, leafy empalements ending with flpines, and 

 . joblong blunt leaves growing clofle to the branches. - Afte- 

 , rifcus annuus maritimus patulus. Tourn. Inft. 498. 



6. BuPHTHALMUM (Maritimum) calycibus obtuse foliofis 

 . pedunculatis, ramis foliis alternis, fpatulatis cauk 



/ 



leafy 





herbaceous ftalk. Afterifcus inaritimus perennis patu- 

 lus. Tourn. Inft, 49 S. ... 



7. BuPHTHALHiuM {Jquaticum) calycibus obtuse foliofi.5 

 feflilibus axillaribus, foliis alternis oblongis obtufis 

 caule herbaceo. Hort. Cliff. 414. Ox-eye zvith blunt 

 leafy empalements fitting clofle to the florks ofl the flalk, 

 oblong blunt leaves, and an herbaceous ftalk. Afterifcus 

 annuus Lufitanicus odoratus. Boerh. Ind. alt. 105, 



8. BuPHTHALMUM {Fruteflccns) foliis oppofitis lanceola- 

 tis petiolatis bidentatis caule fruticofo. Hort. Clifi'. 

 415. Ox-eye with flpear-fhaped leaves growing oppofltte, 

 having floot-ftalks with two teeth., and a fhrubby flalk. 

 Afterifcus frutefcens leucoii foliis fereceis & incanis. 

 Hort. Elth. 44. tab. 38. ? . 



9. BuPHTHALMUM {Arboreflcens) foliis oppofitis lanceola- 

 tis craffis, glabris utrinque viridibus floribus pedun- 

 culatis. Ox-eye with thick, flmooth, flpear-floaped leaves 

 growing oppofite, green on botbfitdes, flowers having floot^ 

 ftalks, and a tree4ike ftalk. Afterifcus frutefcens leu- 



. coii foliis viridibus & fplendentibus. Hort. Elth. 43. 

 tab. 38, 



10.. BuPHTHALMUM (Incanum) foliis oppofitis linearl- 

 . lanceolatis craflls incanis, floribus feffilibus caule fru- 

 ticofo. Ox-eye with thick, hoary, narrow, flpear-fljaped 

 leaves placed oppofiite, flowers growing clofle to the branches ^ 

 and a fhrubby ftalk. Afterifcus frutefcens Ic-ucoii fo- 

 liis anguftiflimis fereceis & incanis. Ind. Hort. 

 Chelf. 27. 



The firft fort grows naturally in North America. 

 This hath a perennial root and an annual ftalk : from 

 the root there arifes many ftalks, in number propor- 

 tional to the fize of the roots ; thefe grow upward of 



2 fix 



