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off, they leave a fear at the place, which always re- 

 mains on the branches. The flowers are produced in 

 large clufters, at the extremity of the branches, which 

 are tiibulous, and bf a faint Carnation colour. They 

 appear in Auguft and September, but continue great 

 part of Odober, and are not fuccecded by feeds in 

 this country. There have been ftones and fofTils dug 

 up at a great depth in fomc parts of England, which 

 have very perfefl: impreffions of this plant upon them j 

 from whence Dr. Woodward has fuppofed, the plants 

 were lodged there at the ' univerlal deluge j and 

 . finding the impreffions of many other plants and 

 animals, which are natives of thofe iflands, he con- 

 cludes that the waters flowed hither from the fouth- 



weft. ,;. > 



This plant has been called Cabbage-tree by the gar- 

 deners, I fuppofe from the refemblance which, the 

 llalks bf it have to that of the Cabbage : others have 

 .: titled it Carnation-tree, from the fhape of the leaves, 

 and colour of the flowers. ■:-.>.{: ■ ;<- , 



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It is propagated by cuttings, in the fame manner as 

 .the former fort, and the plants require the fame cul- 

 ture ; but muft have a dry warm glafs-cafe in winter, 

 and very little water, being very fubjeft to rot 

 with wet. In fummer they muft be placed in the 

 open air, in a warm flickered fituation, and in very 

 dry weather refreflied moderately with water. With 

 this management the plants will flower annually, and 

 grow to the height of eight or ten feet. . r. r 



The feventh fort refembles the fixth in its form and 

 manner of growth, but the leaves are narrower and 

 more fucculent. "Thefe do not fall off entire like the 

 other, but break ofl^ at the beginning of the foot- 

 ftalk, which are very ftrong and thick -, and alv/ays 

 continue, fo that the main ftalk of the plant, and the 

 lower part^of the branches, which are deftitute of 

 leaves, are fet round on every fide with thefe trun- 

 cated foot-ftalks. This fort hath not as yet produced 

 any flowers in England. It is propagated in the fame 

 manner as the two former forts, from cuttings, and 

 the plants muft be treated as hath been direfted for 

 the fifth fort, but require to be kept drier, both in 

 winter and fummer ^ therefore, in very wet feafons, 

 the plants fliould be fheltered from hard rains, which 

 often caufe them to rot, when they are expofed 

 thereto \ but they require the open air in fummer. 

 This fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good Hope. 

 The eighth fort has been long prefervcd in the Eng- 

 lifli gardens, and was generally titled Ante-euphor- 

 bium, fuppofing it to have a contrary quality to the 

 Euphorbium. This rifcs with many fucculent ftalks 

 from the root, as large as a man's finger, which 

 branches out upward, into many irregular ftalks of 

 the fame form, but fmaller, garniftied with flat, ob- 



fucculent leaves, placed alternately round the 

 branches ; under each foot-ftalk there are three lines 

 or ribs, which run longitudinally through the branches 

 joined together. . This fort very rarely flowers in 

 Europe, but is propagated by cuttings in the fame 

 manner as the fifth, and is equally hardy. It muft 

 have very little wet, elpecially in winter, and requires 

 a dry, fandy, poor foil. ■ ^ \ 



The ninth fort grows naturally in Ceylon, China, 

 and alfo in the Spanifli Weft-Indies, from whence I 

 received the feeds. This fort feldom continues longer 

 ihan to ripen its feeds. The ftalk rifes near two feet 

 high, branching a little toward tlie top ; the leaves 

 are cut on their fides, and finuated fomewhat like 

 thofe of Muftard, fitting clofe to the ftalks, which 

 are terminated by flowers formed almoft in an umbel; 

 thefe are in fome plants yellov/, and in others purple; 

 they are fmall, and are fucceeded by oblong oval 

 feeds, having a feathery down. It flowers in July, 

 and the feeds ripen in September, foon after which 

 the plant decays. 



This is propagated by feeds, which, if fown in the 

 autumn foon after they are ripe in a pot, and plunged 

 into the tan-bed in the ftove, will more certainly 

 fucceed than thofe fown in the fpring ; but where 



there is not fuch convcniency, the feeds fliould be 



long. 



GAG 



fown on a hot-bed in the fpring, and when the plaats 

 are fit to remove, they fliould be planted on another 

 hot-bed to bring them forward, ftiading them till 

 they have taken new root, after which air fliould be 

 daily admitted to them in propc^-tion to the warmth 

 of the feafon. When the plants have acquired ftrength, 



:: they fliould be planted in pots, and either plunged 

 . into a moderate hot-bed under a deep frame, or 



.. placed in a glafs-cafe, where they will flower and 



■ perfect their feeds. ,/- r ''•..: .- 



,.T1k tenth fort grows naturally at St. Helena, frojn 

 .;.whence I received the plants: the roots of this fort 

 fpread and increafe under the furface, fo is eafily pro- 

 pagated by parting the roots j the leaves arile im- 

 : . mediately from the root, having very fliort foot-ftalks; 

 thefe are cut into five or fix long acute fegments al- 

 :'moft to the midrib, the fegments are alfo acutely cut 

 . on their fides in two or three places : the under fide 



■ of the leaves are glaucous, their upper fide of a dark 

 green. The flower-ftalk arifes between the leaves 

 immediately from the roots; this is naked, about 

 eight inches high, terminated by fix or eight yellow 



. compound flowers ftanding on longfoot-rtalks, almoft 



... umbellatim ; the flowers are fucceeded by oblong 



V feeds, which rarely ripen in England. ^^ 



■ , As this plant increales fo faft by its root, there is 



little want of the feeds ; therefore the roots may be 



: , parted either the beginning of September, or the 



:;■■ 'latter end of March, and fliould be planted in pots 



..filled with light earth, and plunged into the tan-bed 



in the ftove, where it fliould be conftantly kept, being 



'' too tender* to thrive elfewherc in this climate. > 



CACAO. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 660. Theobroma. Lin. 



i 



■Gen. 806. The Chocolate-nut. . ■ , .... 



•■^ 



The Characters are. 



' « 



which fpread open. 



)fed of five fpear-Jlmped leaves^ 



bkb 



f 





fpread 



ere5f Jlaminay which are as long as the petals, terminated 

 by pointed fummits. In the center is placed the oval ger- 

 fupporting a Jingle fiyle, the length of the ft amine. 



crowned by an ereEt ftigma. 



ift 



comes an oblong pod^ ending in a -point ; which is woody, 

 • warted, and divided into five cells, which are filled with 

 oval, comprejjed, fiejhy feeds, . ' ; ? - 

 l^his genus of plants was conftituted by father Plu- 

 mier, who communicated the charafters, which he 

 . had drawn in America, to Dr. Tournefort, who has 

 inferted it in the Appendix to his Inftitutions. Dr. 

 Linnasus has joined this to the Guazuma of Plumier, 

 under the ricle of Theobroma; but as the fruit of 

 thefe plants are very different from each other, I 

 ftiajl keep them under different genera. 



We have but one Species of this plant, which is, 

 Cacao. Cluf. Exot. 'The Chocolate-nut-tree. 



This tree is a native of America, and is found in 

 great plenty in feveral places between the tropics, 

 but particularly at Caracca and Carthagena, en the 

 river Amazons, in the ifthnuis of Darien, at Hon- 

 duras, Guatimala, and Nicaragua. At all thefe places, 

 it grows naturally without culture; but it is culti- 

 vated in many of the iflands which are pofl^efied by 

 the French and Spaniards, and was formerly planted 

 in fome of the iflands which are in the pofieflion of 

 the Englifli ; but it has been ncglefted for many years 

 paft, fo that at prefent it is fo fcarce in thofe places, 

 that the Englifli are fupplied with it by the Frcncii. 

 and Spaniards, who make the inhabitants pay them 

 a good price for it; and as there is a great quantity 

 of it confumed in England, confequently it mull 

 make an alteration in the balance of trade greatly 

 to the prejudice of the Englifli; which might be 

 cafily remedied, if the planters in our colonies were 

 but the leaft induftrious ; fince, as it formcrlv grew 

 on thofe iflands, fo as to produce not only a fufikieut 

 quantity for their own confumptioji, but to fupply 

 Europe with great quantiries, there can be no ob- 

 jeftion to the planting it in thofe iflands again, cfpe- 

 cially in thofe fituations where the fugar canes do 

 not thrive to advantage. 



I fliall 



