. - c 



I'.' 



f-y. 



^ 



♦ 



C 



thys 'ivUh double winged Uaves^ lohofe Ichcs are linear, 



' acute, end prickly furro-ived feeds. Cachrys^ femine 



fung-ofo fukato aipcro, ioliis peucedani ladufculis. 



Mor. Hid. 3. p. 267. . ■ 



3. Cachrys {Libanotis) foliis bipinnatis, foliolis acutis 



inultifidis, feminibus fulcatis la:vibns. Lin. Sp. '^ss* 

 Cachys with double winged leaves, whofe lobes are acute, 

 muUifid, and fmootb furrowed 'feeds. Cachrys^ femine 

 fungofo fukato piano rainorc, foliis peucedani anguf- 



tis. Mor. Hilt. 3. p. 267. , - 



4. Cachiiys {Linearia) foliis pinnatls foliolis linearibus 



nuilundis feminibus fulcatis planis. Cachrys zvith very 

 narrow, multifid, winged leaves, and a plain channelled 

 fruit. Cachrys femine fungofo fukato piano majore 

 foliis peucedani anguftis. Mor. Umb. 62. 



5. Cachrys illungarica) foliorum impari lobato, hir- 

 futo, femine fungofo fukato pkno. Cachrys with hairy 

 leaves, terminated with an cdd lobe, and a plain, fungous, 

 channelled feed. , Cachrys Hungarica Panacis folio. 



Tourn. Hift. 325. 

 ; I'he firft fort hath a thick flefliy root which ftrikes 

 deep in the ground, from which fprings out many 

 narrow winged leaves refembling. thofe of Giant-fen- 

 nel, which fpread near the ground; from between 

 thefe arife a hollow funizpus ftalk about two feet high, 



-■T 



terminated by a large umbel of yellow flowers, which 

 are fucceeded by ov.al, fmooth, fungous fruit, divid- 

 ing into two parts, each inclofing an oblong feed; ^ 

 The fecond fort hath a large, iirm, fweet-fmelling 

 root, which fends out feveral pinnated leaves like 

 thofc of Hog*s-fennel, but Ihorter. .The ftalk _ is 

 fmooth jointed, and rifes four or five feet high, which 

 is terminated by large umbels of yellow flowers like 

 thofe of Dill ; thefe are fucceeded by oblong, fun- 



\, .. gous, channelled feeds, which are prickly. 



!v ' The third fort hath a thick flelliy root like Fennel, 

 - ^. which runs deep into the ground, fending out feveral 

 . ^^ narrow pinnated leaves, ending in many points-, be- 



^^ 'tween thefe arife a fmooth jointed ftalk about three 



, feet high, which is terminated by large umbels of 

 flowers like thofe of the former fort, which are 



fucceeded by fmalkr fungous plain feeds which are 



. furroY/ed. 



The fourth fort hath very thick roots which ftrike 

 . deep in the ground, fending out very narrow winged 

 leaves like thofe of Ilog's-fennel. The ftalk rifes 

 five or fix feet high, and is jointed like tJiofe of Fen- 

 nel, terminated by large umbels of yellow flowers, 

 which are fucceeded by large, oval, fungous feeds, 

 wliich are deeply furrowed. 



The fifth fort has a tliick fungous root, from which 

 \ , flioot out many winged leaves, having large hairy 

 , lobes placed alternate, terminated by an odd one: 

 . the ftalk is hollow, rifing four feet high, terminated 

 by ah umbel of yellov/ flowers like tliofc oftlie for- 

 mer forts. This grows naturally in Hungary. 

 l"he firft fort o;rows naturally in the fouth of France 

 and Spain ; the fecond and third in Italy ; tlie fourth 



in Sicily. They flower in June, and their feeds ripen 

 , in autumn. ,. ,/ , 



. Tliefe plants are all propagated by feeds, which 

 ftiould be fown'foon after they are ripe; for if they 

 ' are kept'out of the ground till the following fpring, 

 they often niifcarry, and when tliey fucceed, they 

 never come up until the fpring after j fo that by 

 fowing them in autumn, a whole year is faved, and 

 the feeds feldom mifcarry. Thefe feeds flaould be 

 fown on a fliady border, where the plants are to re- 

 main \ iox the plants having long tap roots, will not 

 bear tranfpLmting fo well as many other kinds. The 

 diftance to be obferved for the fowing of their feeds 

 Ihould be three feet apart \ fo that if each kind is 

 fown in a drill, wlien the plants are come up, they 

 ^ may be thinned, leaving two of the moft promifin^ 

 plants of each kind to remain. Thefe plants will be- 

 gin to appear early in April, when they muft be care- 

 fully cleared from weeds -, and in dry weather, if 

 they are gently watered while young, ?t. will greatly 

 promote their growth; after whicli time they will 



\ require m farther care but to keep them clean from 



o- 



'T-fc ■ 



\ 



A 



< ■ V 



weeds; and every fpring to dig the ground carefully 

 . 'between them, fo as not to injure the roots. 

 ■ -v Thefe plants decay to the ground every autumn, and 

 come up again in the fpring: they commonly flower 

 in the beginning of June, and their feeds are ripe in 

 September. Their roots fomedmcs run down three 

 - or four feet deep in tht earth, provided the foil be 

 light, and are often as large as Parfneps, They will 

 continue many years, and if the foil is moift and rich, 

 they will- annually produce good feeds; but w^hen 

 they grow on a dry foil, the flowers commonly fall 

 away, and are not fucceeded by feeds. . . - 

 There is but little to be faid of the ufcs of this genus 

 of plants ; the Hungarians in the neighbourhood of 

 Erlaw, and thofe who border on Tranfylvania, Ser- 

 ' via, &c. eat the root of the fifth fpecies in a fcarciiy 

 of corn, for want of other bread. ... 

 CACTUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. Si^^ Melocaaus. 

 Tourn. Append; 

 This genus was firft titled Melocarduus, and alfo K- 



chinomelocaftus, or Hedgehog Mcion-thiftle ; but 

 thefe names being compounded, Dr. Linnseus has 

 changed the name to Cailus, and has added to this 

 genus, the Ccreus and Opuntia. ; ,. . : 

 • The Characters are, ,. ilv.v-. . , ■ 

 The empalement of the flower is of one leaf, tulndcus^ 

 floort, and cut into fix parts,:. ^ 'I'he flower is compofed of 

 fix petals, which fpread open at the topy and refls upon 

 the embryo •, // hath fix long fiender ftamina, which are 

 . ■ terminated by ere^ fumniits, -The oval gcrmen, which is 

 . fituated below the petals, fupports a cylindrical f}.yL\ 

 crowned by a blunt fiigma •, afterward beco^nes a pyramidal 



fl^f^y f™^ "^^^h ^^^P ^^lly filled with fmall cvgular feeds 

 ': furrounded with pulp. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fcdion of 

 Linn^eus's twelfth clafs, intitled Icofandria Mono- 

 gynia. This claJs includes thofe plants whofe flov/ers 

 have from twelve to twenty ftamina; which, with 

 . the corolla, are fattened to the inner fide of the cni- 

 palement. 



The Species are, .; 



T. 



S' 



*;t> 



r.Vi..N,.:J > ■ ,; 



5 '. 



I I •- 



1. Cactus {MeUcaElus) fubrotundus quatuordecem an- 

 gularis. Hort. Cliff. 1,81. Rcundifh Callus with four- 

 teen angles, Melocaftus Indiae occidentalis. C. B, P. 

 384. Commonly called Great Melon-thiftle. 



2. Cactus {Intortus) fubrotundus quinquedecem angu- 

 laris, angulis in fpiram intortis, fpinis eredris. Round- 

 ifi Ca5fus or Melon-thiftle, with fifteen angles fpirally 

 twifted, and ercol fpines. 'Melocadus purpureis ftriis 

 in fpiram intortis. Plum. Cat. , 



3. Cactus (Recurvus) fubrotundus quinquedecem an- 

 gularis, fpinis latis recurvis creberrimis, Roundiffj Me- 

 lon-thiflle with fifteen angles, having broad recurved fpines 

 fet very clofe, ' -;:;■ / ■_ ' 



4. Cactus {Mamillaris) fubrotundus rectus tubcrculis 

 ovatisbarbiTtis. Hort. Clifi: 181. RcundifoCa5ius clcfely 

 covered with bearded tubercles, Melocactus Americana 

 minor. Boerh. Ind. alt. 2. 84. Smaller American Me- 

 hn-thiftle, 



6. Cactus {Prcliferus) proliferus fubrotundus, teclus tu- 

 berculis ovatis barbatis longis albidis. Roundifh pre- 

 lific Cactus, with oval tubercles clofely joined, havir.g 

 long white beards, commonly called Small Cbilding Melon- 

 thifile, 



Thefe plants are natives of the Weft-Indies, wher 



there are more forts than are here enumerated, if per- 



fons of fkill were to examine thofe iflands. There 



have been about four of the large kinds brouglu to 



■England, fome of which have been crowned with a 



prickly brown cap, in form of one of thofe fur cap.^, 



which are worn by the Turks ;.and others, whicli have 



been dcftitute of thefe caps, although the plants vvcre 



full as large as thofe which had them \ therefore 



• fome perfons have fuppofed them to be diftind: fpe- 



■ cies, efpecially fince thcfc have been many years prc- 



■ferved in theg^ardens, arid no appearance of any caps 



as yet have been produced 5 but as thefe have been 



rarely propagated by feeds, it is diificult to determine 



if they are eifentially different. H-iofe which have 



' thefe caps, produce their fruit in circles round the 



ujiper 





