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. baceous nowcis are placed, and lo cloiely joined, as 

 ' that the naale and female parts are very difficult^to 



. diftine-uilli, without the affiftance of {piaffes. When 

 thefe fade, part of thofe which are fuua'ted at the top 

 of the club, are fuccecded by rouhdilh flefliy berries 

 comprefled on two fides, each containine; two or three 



. feeds. . 



'- * ..' 



'This plant grows naturally at the Cape of Good 

 y Hope, but has been long an inhabitant in theEngliih 

 gardens. It propagates veiy fall by offsets, which 

 . Ihould be taken off the latter end of Augiift, at which 

 time the'old leaves decay; but this plant is never 

 deftitute of leaves, for before the old ones decay, 

 „ there are young leaves* produced, which advance in 

 ,. height all the-winter •, but at this feafon the roots are 

 !' in their moft inaftiye ftate. Thefe roots have gene- 

 ..' rally a great number of offsets about them, fo that 

 unlefs there' is a want of them, the largeft "only ihould 

 ■^ be chofen; which fiiould be feparated from all the 

 v'fmaller, and each planted in a feparate pot, filled 

 , with kitchen-garden earth, and placed with other 

 \ hardy exptic plants in, the open, air till auaimn, when 

 they muft be removed into fhelter for the winter 

 \ feaion,' during which time, they muft not have too 

 \', much wet, for that will rot the roots.^* This plant 

 is fo hardy as to live in the open air in mild winters, 

 without any cover, if they are planted in warm bor- 

 ders, and have a dry foil j but with a little fhelter 

 in hard frofl;, they may be preferved in the full ground 

 very well. It flowers in May, and the feeds ripen 

 in^^iuguft', but as the roots increafe fo plentifully, 

 .. .:few perfons care to fow the feeds, becaufe the young 

 ,'''" plants will not flower in lefs than three years. The 

 .- V'nowers of this plant have but little fweetnefs, altho' 

 ^^. by Herman's title, it fhould have a very agreeable 

 ','^oabufV but unlefs a ' perlbn " places it near him, it 

 ■ . vcannot be perceived. I have frequently received the 

 ..\ feeds of this from tlie'Cape of Good Hope, but have 

 I always found they produced the fame fort 

 '[, The fecond fort grows naturally in moiil or marlhy 

 ^^ grounds in many parts of Europe, fb is rarely ad- 

 mitted into 'gardens. 

 ' The. third fort grows naturally on the mountains near 

 Aleppo. This hath a thick tuberous root, from 



■ " their hatiiral places of growth, or when they are re- 



' v- 



■which fpring up feveral oval leaves, ftanding on pretty 

 long foot-ftalksi the fpadix of the flower rifes be- 

 tween the leaves, about fix or eight inches high, 

 " ■ 'fupporting one white flower at tlie top. ■ 



The roots of this fort fliould be planted in pots filled 

 T with light earth, and in fummer they may be placed 

 ," "with other exotic plants in the open air; but in winter 

 i they'I!i6uld be placed under a common 'hot-bed 

 frame, to fcreen them from froft, to which if they 

 are expofed the roots will be deftroyed ; there is little 

 beauty m this plant, To it is only preferved in botanic 

 gardens for variety. ■ - ' 



C A L L A C A R P A. ^ee Jo'hns'onia. 

 'C A L T H A. Lin. Geri. Plant. 623. Marjh MarigcU. 

 The Characters are, '"'"■'. ■ •■ 



^he fiower hath no empalement^ hut is compofed of five 

 large^ cval^ cofhave pelals, which fpread open. It hath 

 a great number of fiender fiamina^ which arefljorter than 

 the petals^ terminated by obtitfe ere^ fummits : in the 

 center there are feveral oblong comprejfed gmnen fituated^ 

 which have no fyleSj but are crowned ^ Jingle Jligma. 

 ^he germen afterward become fo many port pointed cap- 

 . fuks^ containing many roundijh feeds, 

 \ This genus of plants is ranged in the feventh feftion 

 ""of Linna^us's thirteenth clafs, intitled Polyandria Po- 

 ■ Vsy^"^^*^' ^^^ flowers of this clafs having many fta- 



'" ' mma, and of this feftion feveral getmen. ' 



The Species are, 

 I. Caltha (Af(7/'^r)foliis orbicularis crenatis, fiore majore. 

 MarJJj Marigold with round crenated leaves^ and a lafger 

 . flower. Populago flore majore. Tourn. Infl:. 273. 

 "2. CAwmAtMincr) foliis orbiculato-cordatiscrenatis flore 



' moved into a garden. They both grow upon moift 

 : = boggy land, in many parts of England, but the firfl: 



'"' is the mofl common •, of this there is a variety with 

 ' ' very double flowers, which for its beauty is preferved 



• iri many gardens. ' This is .propagated by parting the 



■'roots in autunln, and Ihould be planted in a moift 



■ foil and a Ihady^ fituation j and as there are often 

 fuch places in gardens, where few other plants will 

 thrive, fo thefe may be allowed to have room, and 



' during their feafon of flowering, will afford an agree- 

 able variety. This fort with double flowers, doth 

 not appear fo early in the fpring as the fingle, but 



- continues much longer in beauty. It flowers in May, 

 and if the feafon is not very warm, will continue till 

 the middle of June. ^. ; '''! " 



CALYCANTHUS. See Basteria. - 



r 



CALYX [with botanifts, fignifies the cup of a flower 



before it opens : this is ftyled the empalement of the 



flower ; in fome plants this continues, and becomes 



afterward a cover to the feeds of herbs, and fruit of 



trees.] Lat, The cup inclofing or containing the 

 flov/er.' ■■..',.. ■ . ■" 



CAMARA., See Lantana. v ' 

 CAMERARIA. Plum. Nov. Gen. 18. tab. 29. 



Lin. Gen. Plant. 264. ^ _ 



., This plant was fo named by father Plumier, in ho- 



■"'nour of Joachim Camerarius, a phyfician and botanift 



' of Nuremberg; who publilhed an edition of Mat- 



thiolus, in Latin and High Dutch, with new figures 



of the plants, and many obfervations, ' 



The Characters are, ' 



nc fiower bath a fhort permanent empalement 'of one leaf 



cut into five acute fegments at the top : the fiower is of 



one leaf faher-fhaped^ having a long cylindrical tube at 



bottom^ which is enlarged' above^ and divided at the top 



into five acute fegments. -It hath five Jhort infiexed fta- 



. mina., which are terminated by obtufe membranaceous fim- 



. mits. In the bottom of the tube atejituated 'two roundifij 



germen^ having one common fiyle^ which is ^cylindrical^ 



' and the length of the ftamina, crowned by two fiigma \ 



the under one is orbicular and flat., the other is concave. 



The germen afterward becomes two long, taper, leafy cap- 



fules, filled with oblong cylindrical fe 



-^ 



rfl: 



fnaller fit 



-fi 



Thefe two forts are fuppofed to be the fame, but I 

 \ have never o?bfcrvcd either of them to vary, either in 



- > 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linn^us's fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Monogynia^ 

 the flowers of this clafs having five ftamina, and thofe 

 ■ in thii fedtion but one ftyle. 

 The Species are, ' 



1. Cau^rakia (Latifolia) foliis ovatis, utrinque acutis 

 . tranfverfe ftratis. Hort. Cliff: 76. Lin. Sp. Plant. 210. 



Cameraria with roundifh leaves ending in points tranf- 

 verfly ribbed, Cameraria lato Myrti folio. Plum. Nov. 

 Gen. 18. ; ' ' N - 



2. Cameraria {Angufiifolia) foliis linearjbus. Lin. Sp. 

 Plant. 210. Cameraria- with long narrow leaves. Ca- 

 meraria angufto linari^ folio. Plum. Nov. Gen. 18. 

 The firft fort was fent me from the Havanna by the 

 late Dr. Houftoun,' where he found it growing na- 

 turally in great plenty. This rifes with a ftirubby 

 ftalk to the height of ten or twelve feet, dividing 

 into feveral branches, garnifiied with roundifli pointed 

 leaves placed oppofite, having many fmooth tranf- 

 verfe veins running from the midrib to the borders. 

 The flowers are produced at the end of the branches 

 in loofe clufters, which have long tubes enlarging 

 gradually upward, and at the top are cut into five 

 iegmcnts, broad at their bafe, but end in fliarp 

 points : the flower is of a yellowilh white colour. 

 After the flowers are fallen, the germen become two 

 leafy capfules joined at their bafe, and have two 

 fwelling protuberances on each fide at the bottom, 

 the middle being extended confiderably longer ; thefe 

 have one cell, filled with cylindrical feeds. It flow- 

 ers in Auguft, but never produces any feeds in 

 jEns;land. 



The fecond fort hath an irregular Ihrubby ftalk, 

 which rifes about eight feet high, fending out irre- 

 gular branches, garniflied widi very narrow thin leaves 



placed oppofite \ thefe have two ribs running longi- 

 tudinally 



