p^ . .., 



- ■ 



M 



' fome frefla earth fpread over the beds, and in thcwln- 

 "ier covered as before. In thcle beds the plants may 

 ffmain two years, during which time they nuift be 

 -»cated in the manner before direfted ; by which time ; 

 ; the joctswill be flrong enough to flower: in Sep- 

 tember they lliould be carefully taken up, and fome 

 of the moft promifing planted in pots ^ the others 

 ' may be planted into warm borders, or in afrelh bed, ■ 

 at a greater diftance than before, to allow them room ' 



Thefe plants which are potted fhould be ^ 



a winter from ereat rains and hard frofts, ' 



key will be in danger of rotting, or at leaft 



be fo weakened, as not to flower with any llrength 



the following fummer ; and thofe which are planted 



in the full ground, fliould have fome old tanners bark 



cm, to prevent the froft from entering 



to grov/. 



:1^ 



into many acute fegments. 

 deei^ to the roots ; with this management thefe plants , the feeds ripen in autumn. 



M 



have taken new root -, after wliich tlicy will require 

 no other culture, but to keep them clean from weeds 

 till the following auturnn, wiien they Ihould be tranf- 

 planted into the borders of the flower-garden. As 

 thefe plants decay the fecond' year, there faould be 

 annually young ones railed to lucceedthem. 

 The fourth fort hath a perennial root, which fends 

 up feveral ftiff' hairy ftalks, having tvro ribs or an- 

 gles. Thefe put out a few fhort fide branches, gar- 

 niflied with oblong, pointed, hairy leaves, deeply 

 fawed on their edges. Toward the upper part of the 

 ftalks the flowers com.e out alternately, upon fliort 

 trifid foot-ftalks, having hairy empalemcnts. The 

 flowers are of the fliape of the former, but fl:ioitcr, 

 fpread more at the brim, and are pretty deeply cut 



J 



may be brought to the utmofl perfeftion, and a con- .• 

 ilant fucceflion of good roots raifed, which will be! 

 n'luch preferable to thofe which are propagated by' 

 offsets. I have been informed diat there is a double 

 ■flower of this kind, but as I have not feen any, I 

 can give no farther account of it. This fort is by 

 ibme called Steeple Bell-flower. ! 



The fecond fort grows naturally in the northern parts 

 of Europe, but has been long cultivated in the' 

 Enghih wardens ; of this there are the following va- 



The varieties of this are, the deep and pale blue \ the 

 white with finglc flowers, and the fame colours with 

 double flowers. The double forts are propagated by 

 parting their roots in auramn, wlxich fliould be an- 

 nually performed, ofherwife the flowers are apt to de- 

 generate to Angle ', to prevent which, t1\e roois fhould 

 be every autumn tranlplanted and parted. The foil 

 fliould not be too light or rich, in vHiich the/ are 

 planted, for in either of thefe t!iey will degenerate •, 

 out in a Ilrotvo- fre!h loam their flowers will be in the 



ficties, VIZ. the Angle, blue, and white flower, which greatefl; perfeftion". Thefe plants are extreme hardy. 



]uvc been Ions: here : and 

 colours 



twenty 





t. 



years in England, but has been propagated in fuch 

 plenty, as to have almofl: baniflied thole with fingle 

 lowers from the gardens. All thefe varieties are eafily 

 propagated by parting their roots in autumn, every 



head which is then flipped off will take root ; they 

 lare extreme hardy, fo will thrive in any foil or fitua- 

 ^ tion, therefore are very proper furniture for the com- 

 mon borders of the flower-garden. ^^ 

 (This hath a root compofed of many fibres, and fends 

 up an angular, or channelled fl;iff flialk, about two' 

 . feet and a Iialf high, garniftied with oblong, oval, ft:iff 

 . leaves near the root, which' are placed without order j 

 but thofe on the fl:alks are longer and narrower, hav-' 

 ing their edges' nightly indented, and are of a fliining' 

 green. The flowers are produced towards the upper' 

 poi't of the ftalk upon ftiort foot-fl:alks. Thefe are 

 Ihapcd like thofe of the former fort, but are finaller, 

 and more expanded. This flowers in June and July, 

 and in cool leafons diere will be fome continue great 

 part of Augufl;. 



rhe third fort is a biennial plant, which perlfhes foon 



fifter It hath ripened feeds. It grows naturally in the 



. woods of Italy and Aufl:ria, but is cultivated in the 



Englifh gardens for the beauty of its flowers. Of 



^this fort there are the following varieties, the blue, 



♦fie purple, the white, the fliriped, and the double 



flowering, but the lafi two are not very common in 



, England. - 



This hath obloncr, roup;h, hairy leaves, which are fcr- 

 fated on their edges, coming out without order from 



^root; from the center of thefe a fl:iff, hairy, fur- 

 xt)Wcd ftalk, arifes alx)ut two feet high, fending out 



icvcral lateral branches, from the bottom upward, 

 ^rnifhcd with long, narrow, hairy leaves, fawe^ on 

 their edges, and are placed alternately ^ from tlie 

 ■ fetting on of thefe leaves, come out the foot-flalks 

 <Vf the flower, thofe which are on the lower part of 

 the ftalk and branches being four or five inches lon^, 



;^ininiing gradually in their length upward, an^d 



'wreby form a fort of pyramid. The flowers of 

 this kind are very large, fo make a fine appearance \ 



-they come out the beginning of June, and, if the 



.leafonis not very hot, will continue a month in beau- 

 1^ * The iceds ripen in September, and the olants 

 decay foon after. . ■ 



It IS propagated by feeds, v/Iiich muft be fown in the 

 Ipnng on an open bed of common earth, and when 

 the plants are fit to remove, they fl\ouId be tranf- 



; planted into the Hower-nurfery, in beds fix inches 

 wunde^ obJcrvin^v to water them frequently till they 



lb may be planted in any fituation ; thofe v/ith fingle 

 flowers do not nittft a place in gardens. 

 The fifth fort grows naturally in the northern parts 

 of England : this hath a perennial root, compofed of 

 m.any flefhy fibres, which abound v/ith a milky juice, 

 from which arifc feveral ftrong, round, fingle ftalks, 

 which never put out br-anches, but are garniftied ^ixh 

 oval fpear-fliaped leaves, flightly indented on their 

 edges, which are placed alternately. Toward the 

 upper part of the ftalk the flowers come out fmgly 

 \ipon fliort foot-ftalks ; thefe fpread open at the brim, 

 where they are deeply cut into five acute fegments. 

 After the flowers are paft, the empalement becomes 

 a fiv^-cornered feed-veffcl, which turns downward till 

 "the feeds are ripe, when it rifcs upw^ixi ; 



Thevarletiesof this are, the blue, purple, and white 

 flowering, This fort is eafily propagated by feeds, 

 which it furnilhes in great plenty, and, if fuflcred to 

 fcatter, the plants will come up in as great plenty the 

 following fpring ; when they may be tranfplanted Into 

 the nurfery till autumn, at which time they fiiould bg 



1 



As 



this fort delights in fliade, the plants may be planted 

 under trees, or in fliady borders where few bet- 

 ter things will thrive, they will aflbrd an ac^ree- 

 able variety when they are in flower. It flowers in 

 June and July, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 

 The fixth fort hath roundift-\ fleftn-noots which are eata- 

 ble, and arc much cultivated in France for fallads, and 

 fome years paft' it was cultivated in the Englilh gardens 

 for the famepurpofe, but is now generally negledled. 

 It grows naturally in feveral parts of England, but the 

 roots never grow to half the lize of thofe whicli are culr 

 tivated. This is propagated by feeds, v/hich fliould 

 be fown in a fliady border the latter end of May, and 

 when the plants are about an inch high, tlie ground 

 fliould be hoed, as is praftifed for Onions, to cut up 

 the weeds, and thin the plants to thediftance of three 

 or four inches •, and v/hen the weeds come up again^ 

 they muft be hoed over to deftroy them : tiiis, it well 

 performed in dry weather, will make the ground clears 

 for a confiderable time, fo that being three times re- 

 peated, it will keep the plants clean till winter, Vv^hich 

 is the feafon'for eating the roots, when they may be 

 taken up for wic as they are wanted. Tlicfe will con^ 

 tinue good till April, at v/hich time tliey will fend 

 out their ftalks, when they will become hard and un- 

 fit for ufe, as do alfo thofe roots which have flowered ^ 

 fo that the youn^ roots only are fuch which are fit for 

 the table, therefore when the feeds arc _ fown too 

 early, the plants frequently run up to i5owe; \ 

 year, which fpoils their roots. 



he fame 



T:ds 



::-^^ 



