bbtufis. Lin. Sp. 721. Ccper ivith angular Iranchcs ^ 



tmninated hy foot-ftalks^ having many flowerSy and ever-^ 

 ^reen^ cbtufe^ oval haves, Capparls arborefcens Lauri 

 foliis fru£lu longifiTimo. Plum. Cat. 7. Tree Caper with 

 Bey leaves^ and the longejl fridL ,., (,./ 



Capparis {Racanc/is) foliis ovaCis oppofitis peren- 

 naiicibus fioribus racemofis. Caper with oval leaves 

 placed cppofitCy' 'ivlich continue through the year^,and 



■A'.- 



I J •-. 



, .- (v; ■ . i 



Jlciversgrozi'ing in tuncfCCS. ■ , . 



6. Capparis {Siliqtiofa) peclunciilis uniflom comprefTis 

 foliis peifillentibus lanceolato-oblongis acuminatis 

 fubtus punft.itis. Lin. Sp. 721. Caper with comprejfed 

 fcot'Jlalks having one /lower y^ and oMoiigy fpear-Jljapedy 

 evergreen leaves^ with piin^ures'ch tMr tinder fide. Brcy- 

 nia arborefccns, foliis^ oyatisiitrinque acuminatis, 

 iiliqua torofa longiilima. fe^rown. Hift. Jam". 247. 



7. Capparis (F; uticofa) foliis lanceolatis acutis confertis 

 percnnantibus,' caule fruticofo. Caper with ^fointed^ 

 fpCiir-Jhaped leaves growing in cluJlerSy which continue ^ 

 through the yeary and a Jlorubby ftalk. 



8. Capparis \Confertis) foliis lanceolatis alternis petiolis 

 longiffimis fioribus confertis. C^/^r with fpear-jhaped 

 leaves placed alternate on very long foot-Jlalksy and flow-^ 

 ers growing in cluftcrs. Cappafisaiia arborcfcens Lauri 

 foliis frudtu oblongo ovato. Plum. Cat. 7. 



9. Capparis (5r^y;«V;) pedunculis racemofis, foliis per- 



fiftentibus oblongis, pedunculis calycibufque tomen- 

 tofis, fioribus oftandris. Jacq. Amer. tab. 103. Caper 

 with branching foot-Jlalksy obkng evergreen leavesyjiozo' 

 ers with eight JiaminayWhcfe foot-Jlalks and cups are 



woolly. ./,... ..' ., .?: /f ' -;,. ,;^: ■ 



10. Capparis {frijloris) fblUs !anceo,latis nervo'fis pe- 

 rennantibns peciunculis 'trifloris; C^/^r with nervous 

 fpear-Jhaped leaves which continue through the yeary and 

 three flowers upon each foot-JlalL 



The firft is the common Caper, whofe full grown 

 fiower-bud is pickled, and brought to England an- 

 nually from Italy, and the Mediterranean. This is 

 a low flarub, which generally grows out of the joints 

 of old walls, the fifiTurcs of rocks, and amongfl: rub- 

 bifii, in moft of the warm pares of Europe : the fl:alks 

 are ligneous, and covered with a white bark, which 

 fends out many lateral (lender branches -, under each 

 of thefe are placed two Ihort crooked fpines, between 

 which and the branches come out the foot-ftalk of 

 the leaves, which are fingle, fhort, and fufl:ain a 

 round, fmooth, entire leaf j at the intermediate joints 

 between the branches, come out the flowers upon 

 long foot-fl:alks •, before thefe expand, the bud, with 

 the empalement, is gathered for pickling; but thofe 

 which are left expand in form of a fingle Rofe, having 

 five large, whiic, roundifh, concave petals ; in the 

 middle is placed a great number of long fl:amina, 



■ furrounding a Ityle, which rifes above them, and is 

 crowned widi an oval gerinen, which afterward be- 



. com.es a capfule, filled with kidncy-fliaped feeds. 

 This fort is cultivated upon old walls about Toulon, 

 and in feveral parrs of Italy.; Mr. Ray obferved it 



• growing naturally oa the walls and rums at Rome, 

 Sienna, and Florence, ' . '. "^ 

 The fecond fort hath a tree-like fl:em dividing into 

 branches, which are fmooth,^ having' no fpines on 

 them ', the leaves are oblong, oval, and fmooth, which 

 continue through the year. From the wings of the 

 leaves come out the foot-ftalks of the flowers, which 

 are produced fingly; thefe flowers are like thofe of 

 the former, but are much larger, as are alfo the 



buds. 



The plants of the firfl: fort are with difficulty pre- 

 fcrved in England, for ihey delight to grow in cre- 

 vices or rocks, and the joints of old walls or ruins, 

 and alwav-s thrive bcft in an horizontal pofition-, fo 

 that when they are planted either in pots, or the full 

 ground, they r;irely thrive, though they may be kept 

 . alive for fome years. They are propagated by' feeds 

 in rhe warm parts of luirope, but it is very difficult 

 to get them to grow in England. I have fevenil 

 times fowed diefc fteds'without iuccefs, as have many 

 other perfons-, I never had raifed any of the plants from 

 feeds, e::ccptingin the years 1738 and 1765, when I 



' - 



F H 



1 



1^ 



-A 



had three plants come up in an old Vr'all, whicli bein-r 

 young and tender, were deftroyed in the year 1740^ 

 .but in the year 1765, raifed a good number of plants 

 from feeds, which were fown the year before. I'htrc 

 is an old plant growing out of a wall in the gardcp..", 

 at Cambdcn-Houfe,^ near Kenfington, which has re- 

 filled the cold for many years, and annually produces 

 many flowers, biit the young flaoots of it are fre- 

 quently killed tb'the fi:ump every winter. 

 The roots of this plant are annually brought from 

 Italy, by the perfons who import Orange-trees, fome 

 of which have been planted in wallsj where they have 

 lived a few yearsV but Hav^ hot continued long! 

 The third fort I received from Carthagena in New 

 Spain, near Vhich place it grows naturally. Tlfr. 

 rifes with a' woody ireiii to- the height of twelve or 



fourteen feet, fending out m^any lateral brandies, 

 covered with a ruflet bark, garniflaed with oblono- 

 oval leaves, fl:andihg upon long fo6t-fl.alks ; rhe 

 flowers are produced from the fide of the branches, 

 fingle, {landing upon long foot^ftalks, which are like; 

 thofe of the laft fort*. "'' i. :v'. . 

 The fourth fort was fent me from Carthagena by the 

 late Mr. Robert Millar, fureeon. This g;rovvs v.it'i 

 a fl:rong upright trunk near twenty feet high, fend- 

 ing out many lateral branches, "garniihed with a very- 

 white bark, andclofely garnifned with large, oblongr^ 

 ftiff leaves, of a thicker confiflience than thofe of the 

 coiTimon Laurel, of a fplendid green, having fever J 

 ,tranfverfe nerves from the midrib to the border, 

 which are prominent on their under fide; the flower* 

 come out from the fide of the branches,' which are 

 large, and the fummits'of the fliamina are purple. 

 The fifth fort was fent me from the fame country'. 

 This rifes"with a'trunk about twenty feet hio-h, fend- 



ing out many long llencler branches, winch are co- 

 vered with a brown b^rk, and garnilhed with leaves 

 like thofe of the Bay-tree, but longer, and deeply 

 ribbed on'theVr under fide, flianding upon pretty lono- 

 foot-fl:alks oppofite. The flowers are produced upon 

 long branching foqt-ftalks, which terminate the 

 branches, eachfufl:a:ning two or three flowers, which 

 are large, white, and are fucceeded by pods two or 

 three inches long, the thicknefs of a man's little 

 finger, which are filled with large kidney-fliapcd 

 feeds : thefe pods have a thick flefliy cover. 

 The fixth fort was fent me from Tolu in America. 

 This rifes with a fhrubby ftalk to the height of eioht 

 or ten feet, fending out many ligneous branches, 

 covered with a reddiffi brov/n bark, garniffied with 

 oblong, fpear-ffiaped, fl;iff' leaves, having punfcures 

 on their under fide ; from the wings of the leaves arife 

 the foot-fl-alks of the flowers, which are long, fiender, 

 and comprefled, each of which fuftains a fniall white 

 flower, which is fucceeded by an oval pod, containing 

 many fmall kidney-ffiapcd feeds. 

 The feventh fort rifes with a flirubby fl:em to the 

 height of twelve or fourteen feet, fending out mai;y 

 fl:rong lateral branches, covered with a dark brown 

 bark, garniffied with fpear-fiiaped pointed leaves, 

 placed alternately, having very ffiort foot-fl:alks \ the 

 leaves are of a thicker confiftence than thofe of the 

 Bay-tree; at the foot-fl:alk of each leaf comes out a 

 fingle flower, almoft the whole length of the branches, 

 which are fmall, and fl;and upon fliort foot-ftalks -, 

 the fummits of thefe flowers are of a purpliffi colour, 

 but the ftamina are white. This fort was fent me 

 from Tolu. 



The eighth fort rifes with a fhrubby ft:alk to i\\Q 

 height of ten or twelve fictty fending cut fiender ho- 

 rizontal branches, which are covered Avith a reddiffi 

 bark; the joints of thefe branches are fardiftant; 

 at each of thefe com.e out feveral leaves In clufl:er3, 

 without order, fi:anding upon pretty long foot-llalksi 

 they are fix inches long, and three broad in the 

 middle, and as thick as thofe of the Laurel, of a 

 fliining green, fmooth on their upper fide, but have 

 many tranfverfe ribs on their under fide, which are 



prominent. I received this fort' from Tolu, with the 

 former, 



The 



