c 



R 



3. CaRD-^mike (Hirfuto) foliis pinnatls, fionbus tetfan- 

 dis, Hort. Cliff. 336. Ladies Smock, or impatient Crcfs 

 idth ivinged leaves, andflo-voers ivithfcurjlamina, Car- 

 damine quarta. Dalcchamp. Ludg. 



4, Cardamine {Impatiens) foliis pinnatis incifis flipula- 

 tis, floribus apetalis. Lin. Sp. 914. Impatient Crefs 



'th -ivingcd leaves, cut fiipuhe, and fugacious flowers. 



Cardamine pratcafis parvo flore. Tourn. Inft. 224. 



5. Cardamine (Gr^'ca) foliis pinnatis foliolis palmatis 

 a^qiialibus pctioJatis. Prod. Ley. 345. Impatient Crefs 

 ivith winged leaves, whofe lobes are handed, equal, and 

 have foct'Jlalks. Cardamine Sicula, foliis Fumarins. 

 Tourn. Inft. 225. Sicilian impatient Crefs with Fumitory 



leaves. 



6. Cardamine {Amara) foliis pinnatis, foliolis fubrotun- 

 dis angulofis. Hall. Helv. 558. Impatient Crefs with 



winged leaves, whofe lobes are roundifh and angular. 



Nafturtlum aqu'aticum niajus & amarum. C. B. P. 



104. . 



7. Cardamine {Trifolla) foliis tcrnatis obtufis, caule 



lubnudo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 654. Three-leaved impatient 



Crefs with a naked ftaik. Nafturtium Alpinum trifo- 



lium. C. B. F. 104. 

 9. Cardamine {Bellidi folia) foliis fimplicibus ovatis In- 



tcgcrrimis petlolis longis, Flor. Lap. 206. Impatient 



Crefs with Jingle y oval, entire leaves, having long foot - 

 Jlalks. Nafturtium Alpinum Bellidis folio minus. 



C. B. P. 105. Smaller Alpine Crefs with a Daifey leaf 



9. Cardamine (P^/r^^) foliis fimplicibus oblongisden- 

 tatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 654. Impatient Crefs with fingle, 

 cblong, /indented leaves. . Nafturtium petra^um. Pluk. 

 Aim. 261. Rock Crefs. - 



10. Cardamine (Chelidonia) foliis pinnatis foliolis qui- 

 nis incifis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 655.' Impatient Crefs with 

 winged leaves, having five lobes which are cut. Carda- 

 mine glabra Chelidonii folio. Tourn. Inft. 225. 

 The firft fort grows naturally in the meadows in 

 many parts of England ; it is called Cuckow Flower, 



' and Ladies Smock. Of this there arc four varieties, 

 viz. the fingle purple with white flowers, which are 

 frequently intermixed in the meadows, and the double 

 flower of both colours. The fingle forts are feldom 

 admitted into gardens ; but as the firft fort ftands in 

 the lift of medicinal plants, I have enumerated it. 

 The young leaves of this plant have been gathered 

 in the fpring, by fome perfons, and put into fallads 

 inftead of Crefs : it is fuppofed to be an antifcorbutic. 

 The two varieties with double flowers were acci* 

 dentally found growing in the meadows, and were 

 tranfplanted into gardens, where tliey have been pro- 

 pagated. Thefe deferve a place in lliady moift bor- 

 ders of the ilower-garden, where they will thrive, and 

 make a pretty appearance during their continuance in 

 flower : they are propagated by parting their roots ; 

 the beft time for this is in autumn, wlien they fliould 

 be tranfplanted annually. They delight in a foft 

 loamy foil, not too ftiff^, and muft have a ftiady fitu- 

 ation. This flowers in May, and in cool feafons will 

 continue part of June. ' 



The feventh, eighth, and tenth forts, grow naturally 

 on the Alps, and other mountainous places. I re- 

 ceived thefe from Verona, in the neiglibourhood of 

 which place they grow naturally. ' Thefe are lov/ per- 

 ennial plants, which may be propagated by parting 

 their roots in the autumn, and require a ftrong foil 

 and fliady fituation : they may alfo be propagated by 

 feeds, which flaould be fown in the autumn, on a 

 fliady border, where they will come up foon after, 

 nd are never hurt bv froft, ib will flower the follow- 



a 



ing feafon. Thefe varieties are preferved in fome 

 gardens, but having little beauty, are feldom admit- 

 ted into the flower-i^arden. 



The ninth fort js a low biennial plant, which grows 

 naturally in feveral parts of England and Wales, and 

 is preferved in lome gardens for the fake of variety. 

 It may be propagated by feeds, which fliould be fown 

 in the autumn, upon poor light ground in an open 

 Jituation, and v/ill r^iquire no other care but to keep 



the plants clear from weeds. It flowerii in June, and 

 the I'.'cds ripen in July. 





The fixth fort grows naturally by the fides~of rivers 

 and ditches in moft parts of England, fo is not ad- 

 mitted into gardens. There has been a variety of 

 ' this found with double flowers, but it is not as yet 

 much known. This flowers the latter end of April, 

 and in May. 



The other forts are low annual plants, whicli grow 

 naturally in feveral parts of England, fo are feldom 

 admitted into gardens. Thefe have the title of Im- 

 patient Crefs, from the elafticity of their pods, wliich, 

 if touched when they are ripe, fpring open, and caft 

 out their feeds with violence, to a confiderable dif- 

 tance. Thefe forts when young, are, by thecountiy 

 people, eaten in fallads, and have the flavour of the 

 common Crefs, but milder. 



Thefe plants, when once admitted into a garden, pro- 

 pagate in plenty; for they produce great quantities 

 of feeds, which, if permitted to fcatter, there will be 

 a fupply of plants, which only require to be tliinned 

 . and kept clean from weeds, and will thrive beft in 



the fliade. 

 C A R D I A C A. See Leonurus. ' 



CARDINALS FLOWER. See Rapuntk-.t. 



CARDIOSPERMUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. Heart 

 Pea-, by the inhabitants of America called \Vild 

 Parfley -, by the French, Pois de Merveille. 



The Characters are. 



'; . 



obtiift 

 fnall ft 



ofed of ft 



encompafftng the germen, and eight ftamina, three and 

 ' three Jlanding oppofite, the ether two on each fide ; thcfc 

 are terminated by fnall fummits. The germen is three- 

 cornered^ aiid fupports three fhort ftyles, crowned by fin^k 

 fiigma. The germen afterward becomes a rcumiifljfwolkn 



' capfule with three lobes, divided into three cells, opening 

 at the top, each having one or two globular feeds, marked 



, with a heart. 



This ^ genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion 

 of Linn^us's eighth clafs, intitled Oftandria Tri- 

 . gynia, the flower having eight ftamina and three ftyles. 

 The Species are, 



1. Cardiospermum (Corindum) foliis fubtus tomentofis. 

 ^ Lin. Sp. 526. Heart Pea with woolly leaves. Corin- 



dum folio &fruftu minori. Tourn. Inft. 431. 



2. Cardiospermum {Halicacabum) foliis ktvibus. Horc. 

 Cliffy 1 50. Heart feed with finooth leaves. Corindum 

 folio ampliori, fru6tu majore. Tourn. Inft. 431. 

 The firft fort rifes with a flender, channelled, climbino- 

 ftalk, to the height of four of five fc^t, fending out 

 many fide branches, garniflied with leaves, upon very 

 long foot-ftalks, coming out oppofite at the lower 

 part of the ftalk ; but upward the leaves corne out on 

 one fide, and the foot-ftalk of the flower at the oppo- 

 fite i the foot-ftalks of the leaves are divided into 

 three, each of which fuftain fmall leaves, which are 

 again divided Into three parts, that are fliarply cut 

 on their edges, and end in ftiarp points. I'lie foot- 

 ftalk of the flowers are long, naked, and toward the 

 top, divided Into three fliort ones, each fuftaining a 

 fingle flower. Immediately under thefe divifions, 

 comes out tendrils or clafpers, like thofe of the Vine, 

 but'fmaller; thefe faften themfelves to whatever plants 

 grow near them, and are thereby fupported. The 

 flowers are fmall, white, and compofed of four fmall 

 concave petals, tv/o of which ftanding oppofite, are 



' larger than the other ; when thefe fall away, the ger- 

 men afterward becomes a laro;e inflated bladder, hav- 

 ing three lobes, in each of which is contained one, 

 two, and fometlmes three feeds, which are round, 

 hard, and thefize of fmall Peas, each being marked 

 with a black fpot In fliape of a heart. 

 The fccond fort differs from the firft in having taller 

 ftalks, the leaves being firft divided into five, and 

 again Into three parts. The foot-ftalks are fliortcr, 

 and the feeds and bladders in which they are con- 

 tained are much larger, and the whole plant Is 

 fmoother, in other refpedls they agree. 

 Thefe plants grov/ naturally in both Indies, where 

 tliey climb upon whatever fnrubs are near them, and 



rife 



