ef 



. 1 



• - 





>, 



> r - 



and the fruit of the female growing round the ftalks 

 i-between the leaves, being fo different from anything 

 •of European production, may intitle them to the care 



; ; of the curious. , ^ r j u- u 



,- They are eafily propagated by feeds, which are an- 

 nually brought in plenty from the Weft-Indies. Thefe 

 ' '■ fliould be fown in a hot-bed early in the fpring, that 

 :■ the plants may obtain ftrength before the autumn : 

 . when the plants are near two inches high, they fhould 

 ■ , be each tranfplanted into a feparate fmall pot filled 

 ' : with a light, gentle, loamy foil, and plunged into a 

 ', hot-bed of tanners bark, carefully Ihading them from 

 . -the fun till they have taken root j after which they 

 !; muil be treated in the fame manner as other tender 



* plants from the fame country ; but as thefe plants 

 , have foft herbaceous ftalks, and abound with a milky 



juice, they muft not have too much water, for they 



are frequently killed with moifture. There fhould 



: alfo be great care taken when thefe plants are fhifted 



■^ from fmall pots into larger, to preferve the whole ball 



: of earth to their roots ; for whenever they are left 



bare, they rarely furvive it. As the plants advance 



,^ w their growth, they will require larger pots, and 



when they are too tall to remain under frames, they 



muft be placed in the tan-bed of the bark-ftove, where 



. they Ihould conftantly remain, being careful not to 



• give them much water, efpecially during the winter 

 fcafon i and in fummer their waterings fhould be often 

 repeated, but given in fmall quantities. With this 



' management I have raifed plants near twenty feet 

 . high in three years, which have produced their flow- 



^ 4- ■■■ - 



. ers and fruit in great perfeftion, 



CARL IN A. Lin. Gen. Plant. 

 Thiftle. 



836. The Carline 



\ 



5--tff« 



The Characters are, , 

 batb a compound flower^ made up of mar^ hermapl 

 dite floret Sy which are fruitful ; thefe are included in 

 common^ fwollen^ fcaly empalement ; the inner fcales . 

 Jong^ and placed in a circular order. The flowers are ft 



'M 



bell-flo 

 five parts at the brim ; thefe 



— '- 



v 



t I 



each five floor t hairy ftamina^ terminated by cylindrical 

 fummtts. In the center isjituated afloortgermen crowned 

 mth doivny fupporting aflender ftyle the length of the ft a- 

 Imindy crowned with an oblong bifid ftigma. The germen 

 afterward becomes n ftngle taper feed^ crowned with a 

 branching plumofe down. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linnseus's nineteenth clafs, intitled Syngenefia Poly- 

 amia aequalis, the flowers being compofed of only 

 ermaphrodite florets which are fruitful, whofe fum- 



i * 



—7 



The Species arc. 



for 



1. 



Carlina {Vulgaris) caule multifloro corymbofo, flo- 

 "...ribus terminalibus calvcibus radio albis. Hort. Cliff. 



' ■ 



395 



Thiftle with many Jli 



ftalk 



4, r 



pakment. Carlina fylveftris vulgaris. Cluf. Hift. 2. 



o/a) fl 

 Meth 



Thiftli 



lateralibu 



Thiftli 



• -' 



^ 



• I M 



.few flowers growing clofe to the fide of the ftalk. Car- 

 •^ lina fylveftris minor Hifpanica. Cluf. Hift. 2. p. 157. 



Small wild Spaniflj Carline Thiftle. 

 3- Carlina (yfcdw/fj) caule unifloroflorebreviore. Hort. 

 Cliff. 395. Carline Thiftle with one fhorter flower on each 

 ■• ftalk. Carlina acaulos magno flore albo. C. B. P. 

 ^380. , 



4' Carlina {Lanata) caule multifloro lanato, calycibus 

 ' radio purpureis. Lin. Sp. 1 1 60. Carline Thiftle with 



. ■•,viafp downy flowers onaftalk^ which have purple rays to 

 • their empalement. Acarna flore purpureo rubente pa- 

 •^ tulo. C.B.P. 372. 



5- Carlina iCorymbofa) caule multifloro fubdivifo, flo- 

 t:.nbus feffiiibus calycibus radio flavis. Prod.'Leyd. 

 ' 135. Carline Thiftle with many flowers on a ft alky which 

 '■: is fubdivided, the ftowers fit clofe ontheMh^ and have 

 :: ytlkw rays to their empalement ^ Acarna apula umbcUa- 



'*■■ ta. Colym. Ecphn 27. 



A 



The firft fort grows naturally i5pon fterlle ground in 

 moft pares of England, fo is rarely admitted into gar-^ 

 . dens. The others are often prefervcd in botanic |ar- 

 dens for the fake of variety. They grow naturally in 

 the fouth of France, Spain, and Italy. 

 They may all be propagated by fov/ing their feeds in 

 the fpring on a bed of frelh undungcd earth, wlicre 

 they are defigned to remain ; for, as tliey fend forth 

 tap, roots, they will not bear tranfplanting fo well as 

 moft other plants. When the plants appear above 

 ground, they fhould be carefully v/ixded ; and, as 

 they grow in fize, they fliould be thinned, where 

 they are too clofe, leaving them about ten inches or 

 a foot afunder. The fecond year moil of thefe plants 

 will flower ; but, unlefs the fummer proves dry, they 

 rarely produce good feeds in England, and moft of 

 them decay foon after they have flowered, therefore 



it is pretty difficult to maintain thefe plants in this! 

 country. 



CARNATION. See Dianthus. 

 CARPESIUM. Lin. Gen. 948. Nodding Star- 



wort. 



The Characters are, 

 // hath an imbricated empaleme?it^ the outer leaves are 

 larger^ fpreadingy and reflexed^ the inner are fljorter and 

 equal: the flower is equal and compounded -^ the herma- 

 phrodite florets are funnel-flo. 

 five parts \ thefe compofe the difk 



. The female florets are 

 efidy clofing together^ which compcfe the 

 border. The hermaphrodite fiorets have five floort ftami- 

 na^ crowned by cylindrical fummits^ and an oblong ger- 

 men^ with a Jingle ftalk^ crowned by a bifid ftigma ; the 

 female florets have the like^ and both are fucceeded by oval 

 naked feeds inclofed in the empalement. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond order of 

 Linnaeus's nineteenth clafs, inritled Syngenefia Po-' 

 lygamia fuperflua, the flowers being compofed of fe- 

 male and hermaphrodite florets, which are both 

 fruitful. 



The Species are, 



1. Carpesium {Cernuum) florlbus terminalibus. Lin.' 

 Sp. 1203. Nodding Starzvort zvhofe flozvers terminate 

 the ftalks. Afl:er Cernuus. Col. Ecphr. i. p. 251. 



2. Carpesium {Abrot amides) floribus lateralibus. Ofb. 

 It. tab. 10. Nodding Starwort whofe flowers come from 

 the fide of the flalks. 



The firft fort grows naturally in Italy. It is a bien- 

 nial plant, whofe lov/er leaves are obtufe, woolly, 

 and foft to the touch. The flower-ftalk rifes from 

 the center of the plant near a foot and a half high, 

 branching toward the top, and garniftied with leaves 

 of the fame form with thofe at bottom, but fmaller : 

 each of the branches are terminated by one pretty 

 large flower of an herbaceous yellow colour, nodding 

 on one fide the fl:alk ; thefe are compofed of female 

 florets which compofe the border, and hermaphro- 

 dite florets which compofe the difl<j both which are 



fucceeded by oval naked feeds, 

 and the feeds ripen in September. 



J 



The plant is eafily propagated by feeds, which may 



of 



and 



when the plants come up, if they are thinned and 

 kept clean from weeds, they will require no other 

 culture. The fecond year they v^ill flower and pro- 

 duce feeds, foon after which the plants decay. 

 The fecond fort grows naturally in China, and at 

 prefentis rare in England. This hath a hard branch- 

 ing ft:alk, garnilhed with broad fpear-fliaped leaves 

 flightly crenated on the edges : the flowers are thinly 

 fcattered on the fide of the ftalks and branches, where 

 they fit very clofe, nodding downward ; their em- 

 palements are compofed of many fmall leaves which 

 fpread open, and inclofe a great number of florets. 

 This may be propagated by feeds, which fliould be 

 fown on a hot-bed in the fpring, and when the plants 

 are fit to remove, they Ihould be each planted in a 

 fingle pot -, and when the weather becomes warm, 

 they may be expofed, but in autumn they muft be 



houfed. 



A'\%. i 



CARTI- 



V 



