. i 



A 



/ 



foli'd, channelled fValks, about two feet liigh," gar- 

 nilhed with winged leaves, having long naked foot- 

 Ibalks, and many fmall wings placed oppofite on the 

 midrib, which are compofed of many narrow, little, 

 plain leaves, ending in feveral points. The ftalks 

 div-ide upward into leveral fmaller branches, each of 

 ^vhich is terminated by an umbel, compofed of fix or 

 eight Imall feparate umbels or rays, which divide in- 

 to feveral fmall foot-ftalks, each fuftaining a fingle 

 white flower, with five heart-fliaped petals \ the 

 flowers of thefe fmall umbels are clofely joined toge- 

 ther. After the flowers are decayed, the germen be- 

 comes an oblong channelled fruit, compofed of two 

 oblong channelled feeds, plain on one fide, but con- 

 vex on the othcn It flowers in June, and the feeds 

 ripen in autumn. * t 



The beft feafon for fowing the feeds of this plant is 

 in autumn, foon after they are ripe, when they will 

 more certainly grow, than thpfe fown in the fpring •, 

 and the plants which rife in the autumn, generally 

 flower the following feafon, fo that afummer's growth 

 is hereby laved. When the plants come up, the 

 ground fliould be hoed to deitroy the v/eeds ; and 

 where the plants are too clofe, they mufl: be thinned 

 in thefime manner as is practifed for Carrots, leaving 

 them three or four inches apart. In the following 

 ipring they will reqliire to be twice more hoed, which 

 v;iU keep the ground clean till the feeds are ripe ; then 

 the ft:alks muit be pulled up, and l:ied in bundles, 

 fetcing them upright to dry, when the feeds may be 

 threflied our for ufc. -' ' "■ ' ^^ 





The fecond fort grows naturally in Spain : the feeds 

 of this were fent me from the" royal garden at Paris. 

 This plant riies with a ftronger fl:alk than the former, 

 which feklom grows more than a foot and a half high, 

 but is clofely garnifned with fine narrow leaves like 

 thofe of Dill ; the ftallcs divide upward into many 

 . branches, each being terminated by loofe umbels of 

 white flowers, which are fucceeded bv larse broad 

 iceds, having the fame aromatic flavour as the com- 

 mon fort. This is a biennial plant, and may be treated 

 in the fame manner as the former. 



CARYOPMYLLATA. See Geum. 

 CARTOPHYLLUS. Lin. Gen. 594. Caryo- 

 phyllus arom.aticus. Tourn. Infl:. R. H. 661. tab. 432. 



'The Clove-lree^ or AlUfpce. :■■. , '■ . . . ' 



The Characters are, . , - . 



// hath a double empakmmt^ that of the jlozver is of one 



Jecfy cut hito fctir ohtufe-parts^ upon which the germen 

 isfiiuatcd^ the fruit hath another cmp dement^ %vhich is 



fnall^ andfightly divided into four parts^ which are per- 

 nantnt. She flower hath four blunt petals^ which are 



fttuated oppofite to the hiciff tires of the empalement . It hath 

 many ftarnhia^ which rife from the fides of the empale- 

 ment^ terminnted by romtdifh fummits, ihe germen is 



fituated under the flower^ -and is crowned hy the fmall em- 



pakment^ fupporting a fingle upright flyle^ crowned by an 

 cbtufefiigma, The germen afterward becomes , a foft ber- 

 ry with two cellsy each containing a finglc kidney-fhaped 



■ -♦ ^ t 



%'. - -. 



feed. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firfl: feilion of 

 Tinnitus's thirteenth clafs, intltled Polyandria Mo- 

 nogynia, the flower having many ftamina and' but 

 one ftyle. ' ■ ■ -\ . . ' 



The Species are, 



1. Caryophyllus {Aromaticus^ foliis ovato-lanceolatis 

 oppofitis, floribus terminalibus, ft;aminibus corolla 

 longioribus. "The Clove-tree with oval fpear-fijaped lectves 

 growing oppofite^ and flowers terminating the ftalks^ 

 whofe flamina are longer than the petals, Caryophyllus 

 aromaticus fructa ob!ongo, C. B. P. 410. Aromatic 

 Clove with an oblong fruit, 



2. Caryovhyllvs \P-mento) foliis Janceolatis oppofitis, 

 floribus facemofis terminalibus, & axillaribus. Clove- 

 tree with fpear-fljaped leaves growing oppofite^ and flow - 

 crs growing in bunches at the ends of the branches^ and 

 wings of the leaves, Myrtus arborca aromatica foliis 

 hiurinis. Sloan. Cat. 161. The Pimento, or All- 

 fpice, ' ' - ■ ^^ 



3. Caryophyllus {Fruticofus) foliis lanceolatis oppofi- i 



J 



248. Clove-tree with fpear-foaped leaves placed oppo- 

 fite^ and flowers growing hy pairs from the fiides of the 

 : ftalks, ./..■' ■ . / 



4. Caryophyllus (Cotinifolia) foliis ovatis obtufis op- 

 / pofitis^ floribus fparfis alaribus. Clove-tree with cval 



blunt leaves placed cppofiite, and flowers growing thinly 

 from the fides of the branches. Myrtus cotini folio; 

 Plum. Cat. 19. Myrtle with a leaf of Venice Sumach, 



5. CarV'ophvllus {Racemofus) foliis oblongo-ovatis, 

 emarginatis, ridigis, glabris, floribus racemofis ter- 

 minalibus. Clove- tree with oblong oval leaves^ which 

 are fliff^ fmooth, and indented at the edges, and flowers 

 growing in branches terminating theflalk, 



. The firfl: fott grows naturally in the Moluccas, and 

 the hottefl: parts of the world, where it rifes to the 

 height of a common Apple-tree ; but the trunk ge- 

 nefally divides at about four or five feet from the 

 ground into three or four large limbs, which grow 

 ereft, and are covered with a thin fmooth bark, 

 which adheres clofely to the wood. Thefe limbs di- 

 vide into many fmall branches, which form a fort of 

 conical figure ; the leaves are like thofe of the Bay- 

 tree, and are placed oppofite on the branches. The 

 flowers are produced in loofe bunches at the end of 



. the branches, which are fmall, white, and have a 



. great number of fl:amina, which are .much longer 

 than the petals. The flowers are fucceeded by oval 

 berries, whicharecrowncd with the empalement, di- 



. vided into four parts, which fpread flat on the top 

 of the fruit, in which form they are brought to Eu- 

 rope J for it is the young fruit beaten from the trees 

 before they are half grown, which are the Cloves ufed 

 all over Europe. . . ■ -^ . 



I have not heard of any plants of this kind being in 

 the gardens, either in England or Holland, but I 

 chofe to mention it here, to introduce the other. 

 The fecond fort grows naturally in Jamaica, but par- 

 ticularly on the north fide of that ifland, where it is 

 found ^ in great plenty, and is a cbnfiderable branch 

 of their trade ; the unripe fruit dried, beirig the AU- 

 fpice fo well known in Europe. It is now cultivated 

 with care in many of the plantations, for the trees 

 will tluive upon ftiallow rocky land, which is unfit 

 for the Sugar-cane ; fo that a great advantage arifes to 

 the planters from thofe lands, which would ptherwif^ 

 beof fmall account to them." .:, -r-.. i.-,. , 



This tree grows to the height of thirty feet or more, 

 with a fl;rait trunk, covered with a fmooth brown 

 bark, dividing upward into many branches which 

 come out oppofite, garniihed with oblong leaves, 

 refembling thofe of the Bay-tree. in form, colour, and 

 texture, but are longer, and are placed by pairs : 

 when thefe are bruifed or broken, they have a very 

 fine aromatic odour like that of the fruit. The 

 branches grow very regular, fo that the trees make a 

 fine appearance, ^and as they retain their leaves 

 through the year, the trees are worthy of being pro- 

 pagated for ornament and fliade about the habitations 

 of the planters. The flowers are produced in large 

 loofe bunches from the fide of the branches, towards 

 their ends, each branch is alfo terminated by a larger 

 bunch thp the other ; the flowers are fmall, and of 

 an herbaceous colour ^ they are male and female upon 

 diftin£t trees. I was favoured with fine famples of 

 both, and alfo a particular account of the trees, by 

 William Williams, Efq; of St. Anne's, on the north 

 fide of Jamaica, who has the greatefl: dumber of thefe 

 trees on his plantation of any perfon in that ifland. 

 The male flowers have very fmall petals, and a great 

 number of fl;amina in each, which are of the fame 

 colour with the petals, terminated by oval bifid fum- 



. -mits ; the female flowers have no Itamina, but an 



oval germen, fituated below the flower, fupporting 



• a flcnder fl:yle, with a blunt fl:igma at the top. The 



germen afterward becomes a globular pulpy berry, 



including two kidney-fliaped feeds. The ufual fea- 



Augufl:. 



June, J 



V 



When 



