1 



c 



The Characters are, 

 // hath a fmall permanent mpnlancnt^ "jjhkh is divided 

 into five parts ', theflozvcr huth tut one petal, which is 

 cut into five ohiuje figments^ v:hich fpread Qpen\ it hath 

 fivefiamiym, ivhich fpread from each olher^ and are ter- 

 mnated by f.ngk fummits ; it hatha conical germen^ with- 

 cut ajixle, fuppcrting three reflexed fiigma, the germen 

 iifterivard becomes an umhilicated berry with three cells, 



each containing a ftngh feed. < - 

 I'his genus of plvnts is ranged in the third fedtion 

 of Linnxus's fifth claft, intitled, Pentandria Tri- 

 gynia, the flower having five ftamina, and three 



ftignia. 



. The Species are, 

 . Cassine {Corymbcfa) foliis ovato-lanceolatis, ferratis, 



oppofitis, floribus corymbofis axillaribus. Fig. PI. 



plat. 83. f. I. Cajt 



fpear-p. 



fides of 



d flovjers growing in round bunches fi 



Cajfwberry 



'iff:. 



-■ 



t. Cassine {Paragua) foliis lanceolatis alternis femper- 

 virentibu-,, floribus axiHaribus. Fig. pi. Plat. 83. f. 2. 



■ Cajfne with evergreen fpearfhaped leaves placed alter- 



■ fiately, and flo-ivers proceeding from the fides of the 

 branches. Caffine vera Floridanorum, arbufcula bac- 



cif^ 



era 



"Alaterni ferme facie, foliis alternatim fitis 

 tetrapyrene. Pluk. Mant. 40." Evergreen Cajfine^ Ya- 



pon, or South-Sea 'Then, -i ^-^-^ -. ^ • ^ '■'■'■ ■ ' ^ 

 3. Cassine {OppofitifoUa) foliis ovatis acutis glabris, 

 floribus axillaribus {^zv^is. C'ajmewith oval acute leaves 

 placed oppofite, and flowers coming from the wings of the 

 ■- ftalks, commonly called Hyffon tea. 

 The firfl: fort rifes with two or three ftems, which 

 ferid but many fide branches their whole length, and 



• become bulhy -, thefe feldom rife more than eight or 



■ nine feet high. The branches are garniflied with oval 

 fpcar-fhaped leaves, Tawed on their edges, which 



- grow oppofite. Toward the upper part of the 



■ branches the flowers come out from the fides, grow- 

 ' ing in roundifli bunches; thefe are white, and are 



divided into five parts almoft to the bottom ; in their 



* center is placed the germen,'attended by five fl:amina, 



i which fpread open, near as much as the fegments of 



the petal. After die flower is pafl:, the germen fwells 

 to a round bcny, having three cells, each containing 



■ a fingle feed. This is by Dr. Linnaeus fuppofed to 

 be the fame plant as the Phillyrea Capenfis folio ce- 

 lafl:ri. Hort. Elth, But thofe who know both the 



- plants, can have no doubt of their being different. 

 The Caffine here mentioned drops its leaves in au- 

 tumn; whereas that Phillyrea is evergreen j the former 

 lives abroad in the open air, but the latter can fcarce 

 be kept through the winter in a green-houfe, without 

 artificial heat •, nor have the plants the fame appear- 

 ance, and withal differ effentially, according to his 

 own lyflem, in the number of fl:amina, which removes 

 them to different claffes. " ; 



The firft: fort has been prett;y common in the nur- 

 feries near London fomc years, where it is propagated 

 by laying down the branches, which afford flioots in 

 " plenty for that purpofe from the root, and lower part 

 of the item, lb as to become very bufliy and thick, 



- if they are not cut off-, there are numbers of thefe 



■ Ihrubs which produce flowers in England every year, 

 but none of them ripen their feeds. 



' The leaves of this plant are extremely bitter, fo that 

 if a fingk' one is chewed, the bitternefs cannot be 



■ gotten rid of in a long time. Thefe leaves will con- 

 tinue green very late in autumn, if the feafon proves 

 mild, and they come out early in tlie fpring, but 

 are frequently pinched by the frofl: in March, 



: when they appear fo foon. This flirub flowers in 

 July and Augull. It grows naturally in Virginia and 

 Carolina. 



It loves a light foil, not too dry, and fliould have a 

 warm fituation •, for, in expofed places, the young 

 llioots are frequendy killed in the winter, whereby 



the flirubs arc rendered unfightlyj but v/here they are 



6 





A 



near the flicker of trees, or walls, they are very rarely 

 hurt. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in Carolina, and alfo 

 in fome warm parts of Virginia, but chiefly near the 

 fea ; this, in the natural places of its growth, rifes to 

 the height of tenor twelve feet, fending out branches 

 from the ground upward, which form thcmfclve.s 

 into a fort of pyramid, garniflied with fpear-fliaped 

 leaves, placed alternately •, thefe are in texture and 

 colour like thofe of Alaternus, and continue green 

 through the year. The flowers are produced in clofe 

 whorls round the branches, at the foot-ft:alks of the 

 leaves •, they are white, and of the fame fliape as the 

 former i thefe are fucceeded by red berries, like thoic 

 of the former fort. • 



Dr. Linnasus has feparated this from the clafs in 

 which he has placed the other, and has joined it to 

 the Dahoon Holly, fuppofing them to be the fame 

 plant ; in which he is equally miftalcen, for they not 

 only differ in the fliape of their leaves, but alfo in 

 their effential chara6t:ers \ for the Dahoon Holly mufl, 

 according to his fyft:em, be ranged in his twenty- 

 fecond clafs, and the Caffine mufl: be ranged in his 



fifth. 



This plant was many years preferved m feveral cu- 

 rious o-ardens near London, till the fevere winter in 

 1739, ^hen mofl: of them were deu:royed, fo that 

 there was fcarce any left ; but of late years diere have 

 been many of the young plants raifed from feeds, 

 which came from Carolina, fome of which have been 

 growing in the full ground feveral years, and have 

 refifted the cold of the winters, without covering; 

 though they often fuffer in very cold feafons, where 

 they are not very well ftieltered. If this plant can 

 be brought to thrive well in England, and to endure 

 the winter in the open air, it will be a fine plant, 

 to make a variety in plantations of Evergreen-trees. 

 The leaves of this fort are" riot fo bitter as thofe of 

 the firft;, efpecially when green, therefore are preferred 

 to them for making the Thea •, but an infufion of the 

 leaves of the firfl:, has been taken for a lofs of appe- 

 tite by fome perfons with good fuccefs ; but it mull 

 not be too fl:rong, lefl: it fliould prove emetic or ca- 

 tharnc. ■-;.,..'' 



The inhabitants of North Carolina and Virginia, 

 where this flirub grows in plenty, give it the title 

 of Yapon, which I fuppofe to be the Indian name ; 

 for, as it is a plant much efl:eemed by the Indians for 

 its medicinal virtues, they certainly have a name for 

 \t ; this grows to the height of ten or twelve feet ; 

 the leaves are about the fize and fliape of thofe of 

 the fmall leaved Alaternus, but are fomewhat fliorter, 

 and a little broader at their bafe ; they are a little 

 notched about their edges, and are of a thick fub- 

 flrance, and deep green colour; the flowers of this 

 fort are produced at the joints near the foot-fl:alk of 

 the leaves, but the Caffioberry Bufli produces its 

 flowers in umbels at the extremity of the flioots ; the 

 berries of this Yapon continue upon the plants mofl: 

 part of the winter, and, being of a bright red colour, 

 intermixed with the green leaves, make a fine ap- 

 pearance at that feafon. From thefe berries con- 

 tinuing fo long untouched by the birds, we may 

 reafonably conclude, they have fome venomous 

 quality, becaufe few of the fruits, or berries, which 

 are wholefome, efcape the birds, in a country where 

 there arefuch flocks of many kinds of them. 

 Thefe flirubs are propagated by fowing their feeds 

 (which are obtained from Carolina, where they grow 

 in great plenty near the fea-coafts ;) they fliould be 

 fown in pots filled with light fandy earth, and plunged 

 into a gentle hot-bed, obferving to water them fre- 

 quently, until you fee the plants appear, which is 

 fometimes in five or fix weeks time, and at other 

 times they will remain in the ground until thefeconJ 

 year ; therefore, if the plants fliould not come up in 

 two months time, you fliould remove the pots into 

 a fliady fituation, where they may remain till OAober, 

 being careful to keep them clean from weeds, and 

 now and then in dry weather givins: them a little 



water •, 



