c 



ing open like thofe of the common Mullein, but are * 

 nut ib regular ; the fliort tube being turned down- 

 ward, and die lower fcgmcnts being larger than the 

 upper, and the ftaminabeingunequal, have occasioned 

 Linnaeus to remove it to his ringent flowers. The 

 fced-vefiel is round, comprefied, and hath two cells 

 filled with fmall feeds. It flowers in June, and the 

 feeds ripen in September : if the feeds of this plant 

 are fown upon a warm dry border as foon as they are 

 ripe, the plants will often come up and live through 

 the winter, provided the foil is poorj for in .rich 

 ground they are apt to grow, rank, and then they are 

 generally deftroyed by the early frofts, or wUl rot 

 with much wet ; but if the plants Ihould not rife the 

 fame autumn, there will be little hazard of their 

 growing the following fpring. When the plants come 

 up, they will require no other care but to keep them 

 clean from weeds, and thin them if they are too clofe; 

 for they do not bear removing well, fo fhould be fown 

 where they are intended to remain. ! ' 



I have fomedmes, when the feafons have proved 

 warm, had ripe feeds from plants fown in the fpring; 

 but this cannot be depended on, therefore it is much 

 better to fow the feeds in autumn. - ; 

 CELTIS. Tourn. Lift. R. H. 612, tab. 383. Lin. 

 .Gen. Plant. 1012. The Lote or Nettle-tree, in 

 Trench Micocoulier. 





r. 'J 



all : r^ 



The Characters are. 



^. -i.'fl** «'i 



1/ 



flo'Wers on the fame tree : 



the hermaphrodite flo^wers are Jij^g^e^ ^^d Jituated above 



the male, The empalement of the hermaphrodite flower 



is divided into five parts^ in which there are no petals^ 



hut five fhort flamina ter7ninated hy thick quadrangular 



fummitSy which have four furrows. In the center is ft- 



tuated an oval germen^ fupporting two reflexed flyles 



crowned hy a fingle fligma, 'The germen afterward becomes 



a round berry with one cell, inclofing a roundijh nut. Th 



male flowers have their empalements divided into fix parts^ 



and have no germen or Jtyle^ but in ether parts like the 



hermaphrodite. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feflion of 



Linnseus's twenty-third clafs, intitlcd Polygamia Mo- 

 noecia, from the fame tree having male and herma- 

 phrodite flowers. ".. 



The Species are, 



I. Celtis (Jujiralis) foliis lanceolatis acuminatis, fer- 

 ratis', nervofis. ■ Nettle-tree with fpear-fhaped pointed 

 leaves, which are veined and f awed on their edges. Celtis 

 fruftunigricante. Tourn. Inft. 612. Lote-tree with a 

 Mack fruit, 



J. Celtis (Occidentalis) foliis obliquc-ovads, ferratis, 

 acuminatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1044. Nettle-tree with 

 oblique, oval, pointed leaves, which are fawed on their 



Celtis fru6tu obfcure purpurafcente. Inft. R. 

 H. 6x2. Lote-tree with a dark purple fruit. 



3. Celtis {Orientalis) foliis ovato-cordatis, denticulatis, 

 petiolis brevibus. - Nettle-tree with oval heart-fhaped 

 leaves, flightly indented, and fljort foot-flalks. Celtis 

 orientalis minor, foliis minoribus &: crallioribus, fruftu 

 flavo. Inft. Cor. 42. Smaller Eaftern Lote-tree with 

 fmaller and thicker leaves, and a yellow fruit. 

 Celtis {Americana) foliis oblongo-ovatis, obtufis. 



edges. 



4 



nervofis, fuperne glabris, fubtus aureis. Nettle-tree 



with oblong, obtufe, nervous leaves,^ which are fnooth on 

 their upper fur face, and of a gold colour beneath. Celtis 

 foliis citrii fubcus aureo, frudu rubro. Plum. Cat. 18. 

 Lote-tree with Citron leaves, of a gold colour on their under 

 fdc, and a red fruit. 



The firft fort grows naturally in the fouth of France, 

 in Spain and Italy, where it is one of the largeft trees 

 of thofe countries : yet this is not fo plenty in Eng- 

 land as the fccond, nor do I remember to have kzw 



. but two large trees of this fort in the Englifli gardens; 

 one of which was formerly growing in the Bilhop of 

 London's garden at Fulhani, but was cut down fome 

 years paft, with many other curious exotic trees, 

 which were there growing in great pcrfeftion : the 

 otiicr v/as in the garden of Dr. Uvedale at Enfield, 

 which was there ftanding a few years ago, v/Iien I 



paid a vifit to that place, which had frequently pro- 



duced fruit, but was never propagated in this coun- 

 try; nor were there any young plants of this kind in 

 the garden, till about fourteen years ago, when I pro • 

 cured a good quantity of the truit from Italy, which 

 I communicated to feveral of my friends. 

 This tree rifes with an upright ftem to the height 

 of forty or fifty. feet, lending out many flencicr 

 branches upward, which have a fmooth dark coloured 

 bark) with foirie fpots of gray ; thefe are garnillied 

 with leaves placed alternately, which are near four 

 inches long, and about two broad in the middle, 

 ending in long fharp points, and deeply fawed on 



their edges, having feveral tranfverfe veins which 

 ^re prominent on their under fide. The flowers come 

 out from the wings of the leaves all along the 

 branches-, they have a male and an hermaphrodite 

 flower generally at the fame place, the male flowers 

 being fituated above die others : thefe have no petals 

 but a green herbaceous empalement, fo make , no 

 figure ; they come out in the fpring, at the fame time 

 when the leaves make their firft appearance, and 

 generally decay before the leaves have grown to half 

 their magnitude. After the flowe;-^ are paft, die 

 germen of the hermaphrodite flowers become a round 

 berry about the fize of a large Pea, which, when ripe, 

 is black. , ,- ■ ; .- ■■ • ■ 



The fecond fort grows naturally in North America ; 

 it delights, in moift rich foil, in which it becomes a 

 very large tree. This rifes with a ftrait ftem, whicli 

 in young trees is fmooth and of a dark colour, but 

 as they advance, it becomes rougher and of a lighter 

 ereen. - The branches are much diffufed on every 



and are garniftied with oblique oval leaves, 

 in points, fawed on their edges ; they are 



the branches, with 



t5 



fide, 

 ending 



placed alternately on tne Drancnes, witU pretty 

 long foot-ftalks.' The flowers come out oppofite to 

 the leaves, upon pretty long foot-ftalks ; the male 

 flowers ftanding above the hermaphrodite as in the 

 odier fpecies ; after thefe decay, the hermaphrodite 

 flowers are fucceeded by roundifti berries, v/hich 

 fmaller than thofe of the firft fort, and when ripe, 

 are of a dark purple colour.' This tree flowers in 



are 



May 



Of this fort 



there are feveral pretty large trees in the Englilh 

 gardens, fome of which produce great quantities of 

 fruit annually, which in favourable feafons come to 

 maturity, fo that from thefe feeds there have been 

 plants raifed ; and there are few years, in which there 

 is not fruit of this fort fent from America, whereby 

 it is now become pretty common in the Engllfh nur- 

 feries. • 



This tree is late in coming out in the fpring, but in 

 recompenfe for that, it continues as long in beauty 

 in the autumn, for it is the lateft in fading of any 

 of the deciduous trees ; nor do the leaves alter their 

 colour long before they fall, but continue in full 

 verdure till within a few days of their dropping oft; 

 and, fo foon as they begin to fall, the trees will in 

 a few days be quite deftitute of leaves, fo that the 

 litter which their falling leaves occafion, mav be 

 fooner cleared away, than that of any other deciduous 

 tree,. There is little beauty in the flowers or fruit of 

 this tree \ but, as the branches are well clothed with 



the tree.s, 



ma!;.e a 



The 



13 



leaves, which are of a fine green colour, 

 when mixed with others in wilderneiTes, 

 pleafing variety during the, fummcr feafon. 

 wood of this tree being tough and pliable, 

 efteemed by coachmakers for the frames of their car- 

 riages. 



The third fort was difcovcred by Dr. Tournefort in 

 Armenia, from whence he lent the fruit to t!;e royiJ 

 garden at Paris, where tliey fucceeded, and t!ie trees, 

 which were there railed, have produced fruit for 



feveral years, fo that moll of the curious gardens in 



Europe have been furniftied with it from thence. 



It riles with a ftem about ten or twelve feet high, 

 dividing into many branches, which fpread horizon- 

 tally on every fide, having a fmooth grecnilli bark, 

 garnifned vyith leaves about an inch and a half long, 



and near an inch broad, inclining to a hcart-fnape. 



b 



1 *h 



