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tire placed in the open air rarely produce good feeds, 

 there ftiould be two or three plants kept in a mode- 

 rate hot-bed under a deep frame, wh'i?re they will come 

 earlier to flower^, aiid being protefted from wet and 

 cold, they will ripen their feeds every year, which fs 

 the fureft method to preferve the fort; 

 This fort differs from the common, in its leaves be- 

 ing fawed on their edges ; the flowers are fiftular, of 

 ^ bright colour, and have a very agreeable foft odour. 

 It flowers in July and Auguft, and the feeds ripen in 



Oftober. 



The tenth fort is the common Blue Bottle, which 

 grows naturally amongfl the corn in moft parts of 

 England : this ftands in the lifl of medicinal j)lants. 

 There is a diftilled water of the flowers, which ^ is 

 cfteemed good for the eyes. There are great varie- 

 ties of colours in thefe flowers, fome of which arc 

 finely variegated : the feeds of thefe are fold by feedf- 

 men, by the title of Bottles of all Colours. Thefe are 

 annual plants, which will rife in any common border, 

 and require no other care but to keep them clean 

 from weeds, and thinned where they are too clofe, 

 for they do not thrive well when they are tranfplant-' 

 ed. If the feeds are fown in autumn, they will fuc- 

 cced better, and the plants will flower ftronger than 

 thofe which are fown in the fpring. . 

 The feeds of the eleventh fort were fent me by Dr. 

 Juffieu, from Paris, who received them from Dr. 

 Lippi, at Grand Cairo.: This is an annual plant, 

 which rifes near two feet high, fending out two or 

 three branches toward the top j the leaves are divided 

 into many.obtufe fegments, and have a border run- 

 ning along the fl:alk; the flowers are fmall, of a 

 bright purple, and have a fcaly empalement. If the 

 feeds are fown in the fpring upon a border of light 

 earth, where the plants are to remain, they will re- 

 quire no farther care but to keep them clean from 

 weeds. It flowers in July, and the feeds ripen in 



autumn. 



The twelfth fort is a perennial plant, which retains 

 its leaves through the year. This grows naturally 

 in Italy, on the borders of the fields. The leaves are 

 hoary, and divided into many narrow fegments; the 

 ftalks rife near three feet high, branching upward in- 

 to many divifions, each being terminated by a head 

 of purple flowers ; thefe come out in June, and in 

 favourable feafons will perfeft their feeds in autumn. 

 This fort will live abroad in moderate winters, if it 

 has a warm ficuation and a dry foil ; but in fevere 

 winters the plants are commonly killed, fo one or 

 two of them may be fl:ieltered under a common frame 

 in v/inter to preferve the kind. It may be eafily pro- 

 pagated ty feeds in the fame manner as the fourth 

 fore ; or if the young branches, which do not fl:)oot 

 up to flow^er, are cutoff, and planted in a Ihady bor- 

 der any time in fummer, they will take root, and in 

 autumn may be removed to warm borders, or put into 

 pots to be Iheltered in winter. 



The thirteenth fort grows naturally in Mauritania, 

 and in feveral other places on the borders of the Me- 

 diterranean Sea, l^his fekiom rifes more than three 

 feet high in this country ; it hatli a perennial ftalk, 

 which divides into many branches, garnifhed with very 

 white vvoolly leaves, divided into many obtufe entire 

 lobes, the fmall leaves or lobes on the exterior part 

 of the leaf being the largeft:. The flowers are pro- 

 duced from the fide branches upon ftaort foot-fl:alks, 

 which are of a bright yellow, and are included in a 

 fine hairy empalement. Thefe appear in June and 

 July, but fcarce ever are fucceeded by feeds in Eng- 

 land. It ispropagacedby plandng of the young flioots 

 in the fame manner as the laft, and the plants require 

 protedtion from hard froft. But if they are planted in 

 dry lime-rubbifh, where they will not grow luxuriant, 

 they will refill the cold of our ordinary winters in the 

 open air. As this plant retains its leaves all the year, 

 which arc extremely white, it makes a pretty variety 

 in a garden. 



The fourteenth fort is annual. This grows naturally 

 in tfie Archipelago. It rifes with a branching ftalk 



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aW)Ut tliree ^et high ; the loWer leaves are not rnuch 

 ' ufllike thofe of the Turnep, being rounded at their 

 ends, and their bafc is cut into many fegments •, thoic 

 .' upon the fl:alks and branches are nearly of the fame 

 form, but diminifli gradually in tlieir fize to the top ; 

 thefe have a border or wing running along the fl:alks, 

 which conneft them together; the flowers are pro- 

 . duced at the end of the branches, which have prickly 

 ''empalements ; the fpines come out from the border 

 of the fcales, divided like the fingers of a hand. 

 The flowers are of a bright purple, fo make a pretty 

 appearance. ^ This fort may be treated in the fame 

 manner as the Corn Bottle, by fowing the feeds in 

 autumn, and keeping the plants clean from weeds. 

 The plants will flower in June, and the feeds will 

 ripen in Auguft. If fome feeds are alfo fown in the 

 fpring, the plants will come to flower a month after 

 the others, and will continue flowering till the froft 

 fl:ops them. But thefe plants do not always pe'rfeft 

 feeds, fo that from the autumnal plants the feeds will 

 more certainly be procured. ' j • ^ 

 The fifteenth fort grows naturally upon the Helve- 

 tian, and fome of the Italian mountains. I received 

 the feeds of this fort from Verona : it hath a perennial 

 root and an annual ftalk; the leaves are oblong, 

 flightly indented on their edges, and woolly on their 

 under fide ; thefe have much the refemblancc of thofe 

 of Elecampane, generally ftanding upright ; the ftalks 

 rife little more than a foot high, and are terminated 

 by large fingle heads of purple flowers, inclofed in 

 fcaly empalements ; thefe appear in July, but unlefs 

 the feafon proves very dry and warm they have no 

 feeds fucceed them in this country ; fo that this, like 

 the fifth fort, is very difficult to propagate in Eng- 

 land, unlefs good feeds can be procured from the 

 countries where they naturally grow. This is very 

 hardy, fo may be treated in the fame manner as any 

 of the former perennial forts, but will require a little 

 more room than the fifth. " 



The fixteenth fort grows naturally in Auftria and 

 Hungary, from both which countries I have received 

 the feeds.' The lower leaves of this plant fpread flat 

 on the ground ; they are foft, hairy, and end in fharp 

 points, but toward their bafe are cut into feveral nar- 

 row fegments ; the ftalks rife near three feet high, 

 garniflied at each joint by fpear-fliaped enfire leaves, 

 and are terminated by fingle large heads of flowers, 

 of a gold colour, inclofed in a prickly fcaly empale- 

 ment. This flowers in July and Auguft, but never 

 produces feeds in this country. It hath a perennial 

 root, which fends out offsets ; thefe may be taken 

 from the old plants in autumn, whereby it may be 

 eafily propagated. It is very hardy in refpeft to cold, 

 but fliould have a dry foil, the roots being very apt 

 to rot in winter with much wet. 

 The feventeenth fort grows naturally in Siberia. The 

 feeds of this were fent me from Peterft)urgh. This 

 fends out many long winged leaves from the root, 

 which are divided into feveral Ipear-fliaped lobes ; 

 the ftalks rife near five feet high, and divide upward 

 into many fmaller branches, garniflied with leaves of 

 the fame form as the lower, but much fmaller, and 

 the fegments very narrow ; each of the ftalks is ter- 

 minated by a head of yellow flowers, inclofed in a 

 fcaly empalement •, the borders of the fcales are fet 

 with fine hairs like an eye-brow. It flowers in June, 

 July, and Auguft, and the feeds ripen in autumn. 

 This hath a perennial root and an annual ftalk, which, 

 with the leaves, decay in autumn, and arife new from 

 the root in the fpring. It may be propagated either 

 by feeds or parting of the roots, in the fame manner 

 as the fifth fort, and the plants require a large ftiare 

 of room, fo fliould not be planted too near other 

 plants ; therefore it is not proper furniture for fmall 

 gardens. 



The eighteenth fort grows naturally in Crete. This 

 hath a perennial root ; the lower leaves are winged 

 and very woolly, thofe on the flower-ftalks are fingle, 

 wedge-ftiaped, and indented •, the ftalks are termi- 

 nated by heads of yellow flowers, compofed of as many 



I . floret'' 



