J^^^^m^ 



■, - / 



^ foot-jlafks booing a fingle flower, and fmooth indenled 

 ' leaves, ^u^kich half embrace the ftalks. Glaucium gla- 

 ' brum flore Phoenicio. Tourn. Inft. 254. Smooth horned 



Poppy with a fcarlet flower. _ ^ 



6 Chelidonium (//>'^nJz^W2)pedunculisunifions, tohis 



' pinnatifidis, linearibus, caule tevi filiquis trivalvibus. 



' Lin. Sp. Plant. 724. Celandine with fmgle flowers upon 

 the foQt'ftalk, many pointed narrow leaves, and a fmooth 



Jalk. Glaucium flore violaceo, Tourn. Inft. 254. 

 Horned Poppy with a Violet-coloured flower. ■■ ^ • 

 The firft fort is the common Celandine which is ufed 

 ]x\ medicine, and is cfteemed aperitive and cleanfing, 

 ■ ' ppening obftruftions of the fpleen and liver, and is 

 '] . of great ufe in curing the jaundice and fcurvy. This 

 grows naturally on the fide of banks, and in fhady 



' lanes in many parts of England, fo is feldom culti- 



- vated in gardens; for if the feeds are permitted to 

 ' fcatter, the ground will be . plentifully ftored with 



^ plants to a confiderable diftance. It flowers in May, 

 at which time the herb is in the greateft perfedtion 



\ for life. ' ■' - . 



^ /The fecond fort is found growing in a few particular 



, places, where the feeds have been formerly fown, or 



^ ; the plants cafl out of gardens. This is by fome fup- 



,] pofed to be only a variety of the firft, but I have 



.^^,-propagated this by feeds above forty years, and have 



v^ cpnft^^'^^V found the plants produced to be the fame 



fi'as thofe from which the feeds were faved, and never 



.Ovary, nor have I ever obfcrved the firft alter to this. 



/The leaves of this are divided into^ narrow long feg- 



' ments, which are deeply jagged on their edges, and 



' the petals of the flower are cut into many parts, in 



., Which it differs from the firft. If the feeds of this 



' fort are permitted to fcatter, they will fill the ground 



■ with plants. They both delight in fhade. There Is 



^ a variety of this with double flowers, which generally 



^ rifes the fame from feeds, which is not ufual in many 



' other plants ; however, this variety may always be 



. preferved by parting the roCts. 



;, The third fort is known by the title of Horned Poppy; 



"■ it was fo called from the refemblance which the 



- 1 



flower bears to the Poppy, and the long feed-vefiel, 



which is like a horn. It grows naturally upon the 



^/ fandy and gravelly fl:iores by the fea, in many parts 



/ of England, from whence the feeds have been brought 



';■'. into gardens, where it is fometimes allowed to have 



place for the fake of variety. This plant abounds 



. , with a yellow juice which flows out from every part, 



, when broken. It fends out many thick gray leaves, 



which are deeply jagged; the ftalks are ftrong, 



. ^ fmooth, and jointed, which rife near two feet high, 



and divide into many branches; Thefe are garnifhed 



. with leaves at each joint; thofe on the lower part of 



. the ftalks are long, broad, and deeply jagged, but 



the upper leaves are entire and almcft heart-fliaped : 



they clofely embrace the ftalks with their bafe ; from 



.^ the bofom of the leaves come out the fliprc foot-ftalks 



■.,:of the flowers, each fupporting one large yellow 



flower, compofedof four broad petals, which fpread 



* open like the garden Poppy, in the center of which 



are a great number of yellow ftamina, furrounding 



a long cylindrical germcn, crowned by an arrow- 



^ pointed ftigma, which is permanent, remaining upon 



■the top of the horned feed-vclTel, which grows nine 



' or ten inches long, having a longitudinal furrow on 



one fide, where it opens when ripe, and lets out the 



feeds. This is a biennial plant, which flowers the 



fecond year, and perifties foon after the feeds are 

 ripe. . 



If the feeds of this plant are permitted to fcatter, 



they will fill the ground near them with plants, fo 



that it is not a proper plant for a flower-garden *, but 

 if a few of the feeds are fcattcred about in rock work, 

 , the plants will rife without trouble, and in fuch 

 places will have a pretty effeft. And if the feeds are 

 permitted to fcatter, there will always be a fupply of 

 young plants ; fo the only care they will require, is 

 to pull them up when they multiply too faft. It 



flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 

 autumn. 





H 



The fourth fort grows naturally in Spain, Italy, and 

 fome parts of Germany, from whence the feeds hav_ 

 been brought to England. The leaves of it are 

 deeply jagged and hairy, of a pale green, and grow 

 clofe to the (Valks : thofe at the bottom lie on the 

 ground, and are broader than thofe above. The 

 ftalks are a foot and a half high, having a finirle 

 jagged leaf placed at each joint ; thefe have many di- 

 vifions, from their origin to the point, which is ex- 

 tended longer than the lower leaves. The flowers 

 come out from the bofom of the leaves ; thefe are 

 compofed of five broad obtufe petals, which are of 

 a dark fcarlet colour, and foon fall off; In the center 

 of each is fituated an oblong germen, having no ftyle, 

 but fupports a bifid ftigma ; this is attended by a 

 great number of iliorc ftamina, terminated by obtufe 

 ftimmits. The germen afterward becomes a long 

 taper pod, on the apex of which the bifid ftigma re- 

 mains, fitting on the middle partition, which divides 

 the pod into two cells, which are filled with fmall 

 . feeds. The flower hath an cmpalement compofed of 

 two hollow leaves, which are clofely fet with IliorE 

 prickles ; this falls away when the flower is expanded. 

 It flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 

 autumn. As the flowers of this plant are but of 

 fliort duration, they do not make any confiderable 

 figure ; but the foliage of the plant is very elegant, 

 and might be introduced by way of ornament to fur-^ 

 niture with great advantage, being very pifturefque: 

 it may alio, be wrought into patterns for filks, and 

 painted upon porcelain, where it would have a very 

 gopd effedt. If the feeds of this plant are fown in 

 the autumn, they will more certainly grow than 

 thofe which are fown in the fpring; which frequently* 

 in dry feafons, do not come up the fame year, or at 

 leaft not before autumn ; whereas thofe fown in au- 

 tumn, frequently come up foon after, or if not at 

 that feafon, do not fail coming up in the fpring; 

 and thefe plants come early to flower, fo that good 

 feeds may always be obtained from them. They 

 fliould be fown where the plants are to remain, and 

 they will require no other care but to thin them 

 where they are too clofe, and keep them clean from 

 weeds. 



The fifth fort difi^ers from the fourth, in havino- 

 broader leaves, which are not fo deeply divided ; the 

 whole plant is fmooth, and the flowers are larger, but 

 are of the fame colour : this is alfo an annual plant, 

 and requires the fame treatment as the laft. 

 The fixth fort grows naturally among the Corn, in 

 fome parts of England. This is alfo an annual plant, 

 whofe feeds fliould be fown in autumn, for thofe 

 which are fown in the fpring feldom fucceed. The 

 leaves of this fort are finely jagged, and divided into 

 narrow fegments, fomewhat like thofe of Buckfliorn 

 Plantain ; they are fmooth, of a lucid green, and are 

 commonly oppofite. The ftalks rife little more than 

 a foot high, dividing into two or three branches up- 

 ward, garniflied with fmall leaves of the fame form 

 as thofe below. The flowers are fuftained by flender 

 foot-ftalks, which come out from the wangs of the 

 leaves ; thefe are compofed of four obtufe petals, of 



. a Violet colour, in the center of which is fituated a 

 cylindrical germen, attended by a great number of 

 ftamina ; the germen afterward becomes a long cy- 

 lindfical pod, like thofe of the other fpecies. The 

 flowers of this plant are very fugacious, feldom lafting 

 above three or four hours before the petals drop oft', 

 efpecially in clear weather. It flowers in May, and 

 tlie feeds ripen in July, and the plants foon after 

 perifli. If the feeds are permitted to fcatter, the plants 

 will come up without care as the others. 



CHE LONE [:j^£aJ^>i, Gk a tortoife.] Tourn. Aft. 

 R. S. 1706. tab. 7. fol. 2. Lin. Gen. Plant. 666. 



The Characters are, 

 'The empalement of the flower is of one leaf cut into five 

 parts, and is permanent \ the flower is of the ringent kindy 

 . having a fhort cylindrical tuhe^ which is fwoUen at the 

 chaps, where it is oblong, convex above, and^ plain below% 

 the month is almofl clofed-, the upper lip is obtufe and in- 



P p p dented^ 



\ 



