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briginaily, becaufe this plant was formerly cultivated 

 in kitchen-gardens for ufe ; and in feme of the nor- 

 thern counties, the people ftill preferve it in their gar- 

 dens as an efcnlcnt herb ; which in the fpring feafon, 

 they drefs in the fame manner as Spinach, for wliich 

 it is a lubftitute. But, as the latter is a much better 

 herb, it has obtained the preference very juftly, in all 

 the countries where the culture of the kitchen-garden 

 is underftood, ■. . - ^ 



The fecond fort Is very common iipon dunghills, 

 and in gardens, in moft parts of England : it is fel- 

 dom cultivated, except in fome phyfic-gardens ; for 

 the markets in London are fupplied with it by the 



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The fifth fort is annual : this alio grows naturally iii 

 North America, from whence I have frequently re- 

 ceived the feeds. It is alfo a native of many of the 

 warm countries in Europe. This hath many oblong 

 leaves at the bottom, which are deeply finuated on 

 both fides, fomewhat like thofe of the Oak-tree, 

 from whence it received the title of Oak of Jerufalem. 

 Thefe are purple on their under fide, and when bruif- 

 ed, emit a ftrong odour. The ftalks rife about eight 

 or nine inches high, dividing into feveral fmaller 

 branches. The lower part of thefe is garniflicd with 

 leaves of the fame fhape with thofe below, but are 

 fmaller.. The flowers grow in naked loofe Ipikcs, 



fort flowers in June and July, and the feeds ripen in 



autumn. 



herb-women, who gather it in the places where it] divided into many parts: they are fmall, herbace- 



erows wild. - -' ' ^^^» ^^^ ^^^ fucceeded bv fmall round feeds. This 



The third fort is fometimes cultivated in gardens ; 



it is a beautiful plant, which is naturally dilpofed.to 



grow very clofe and thick, and in as regular a pyra- [ The fixth fort hath leaves very like thofe of tlie 



mid as if cut by art. The leaves are of a pkafant I -fourth, and have the fame fcent : but this hath a 



^ green; and were it not for that, it hath fo much of I Ihrubby ftalk, which rifes five or fix feet high, and 



; the appearance of a Cyprus-tree, that at fome diftance j divides into many branches. It is a native of Ame- 



it mif^ht be taken for the fame, by good judges : the I . rica, and mufl: be hbufed in the winter, for it will 



•not live through the winter in England in the open 

 air. It is eafily propagated' by cuttings during any 



feeds Ihould be fown in autumn ^ and in the ipring, 

 /<iv]iea the plants are come up, they may t3e planted 



-:;into pots of good earth, and kept fupplied with wa- j of the fummer months^ which, if planted in a fliady 



fi.jter in dry weather: thefe pots may b^ imccrmixed j border, and duly watered, will foon take root-, and 



. With other plants to adorn court-yards, &c. where tlien may be planted in pots filled 'with light earth, 



'^.ithey will appear very handfome, until their feedsbe- j and placed in the fhade till they have taken nevv root, 



/ gin to fwell and grow heavy, which weigh down and j after which they may be placed with other hardy ex- 



: ...riifplace the branches ^ at which time the pots {hould j otic plants in a Iheltered fituation during fummer; 



be removed to fome abjeft part of the garden, to arid when the froft comes on, they mull be removed 



• .'jpcrfed their feeds ^ which, if permitted to fall upon into the green-houfe^ but they only require protec- 



\^^lhe ground, will come up the next ipring ; fo that you j tion from hard frofl:s, and Ihould have plenty of air 



need be at no more trouble in propagating thefe I in mild weather. This grows naturally in the Brafils. 



* plants, but only to tranfplantthem where you intend j The feventh fort grows naturally at Buenos Ayres: 



. J hey fiiovrfd gi'ow. 



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tills rifes with alhrubby ftalk three or four feet high. 



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.The fifdi fort was formerly uied in medicine; but J . garnifhed with oblong leaves, which are cut into 



although k ftili continues in the catalogue of fmiples j many linear fegments ; the flowers fit clofe to the 



. /juinexed to the London Difpenfatory, yet is very fel- j ftalks, which, Tike the other Ipecies of this genus^ 



\..£iom uied it prefent. This plant may be propagated j have no petals, but the empalement inclofes five flen- 



a,by fowingthc feeds in an open border of good earth I derftamina : the germen fupports two ftyles, crowned 



Lm the Ipring, where it wffl perfeft its feeds in au- I by obtufe ftigma. 



:.tiimn; which, if permitted to ftied upon the ground, j This is a perennial plant, which retains its leaves 



will arife as the fbrmcn 



through the year, fo will add to the variety in a 



The fourth fort was brought from America, where j green-houfe in winter, but has little other beauty to 

 the feeds arc called Worm Seed, I fuppofe from J recommend it. This may be propagated by cuttings, 

 fome quality contained in it, which deftroys worms J. which, if planted in a bed of light earth during any 



i' in the body. 



of the fummer months, and duly (haded and watered^ 



? 



This is propagated by fowing the feeds in the fpring, j will put out roots -, then they may be tranfplanted into 

 as the before-mentioned fort, and will perfect its feed pots, and may be placed with other hardy exotic 



in autumn; after which, the plant decays to the 



plants in fummer, butmuft be flickered from froft: in 



ground: but if the root be preferved in Ihelter un- I winter. 



dcra common frame in winter, the ftatks will rife CHERRY-LAUREL. See Padus. 



again the following fpring. CHER RY-T R E E. See Cer asus. 



The leaves of this plant emit a very flrong odour CHERVIL. See Scandix. 



when bruifed, fomewhat lilce thofe of the Ambrofia, C H E S N U T. See Castanea. 



for which the plants are preierved in gardens, for the | CHESNUT,_the Horfe*_ See Esculus. 

 i flower hath no beauty. This plant grows naturally 

 , .in mod parts of North America, where it is generally 



called Worm Seed. It fends up feveral ftalks from 



; the root, which rife about two feet high, garniftied 



! mth. oblong leaves a little indented on their edges, of 



' A light green, and placed alternately on the ftalks; 



. the flowers come out from the wings of the leaves 



. on tlie upper part of the branches,, in loofe fpikes : 



thefe appear in July, and the feeds ripen in Septem- 



-iber; which, if permitted to fcatter, the plants will 



come up the following fpring, when a few of them 



maybe tranfplanted into pots filled with kitchen-gar- 



ucn earth, to be preierved through the winter-, and 



the others may be planted in the common borders, 



where they will flower and perfeft their feeds ; but 



unlcfs the winter is very favourable, the roots will be 



deftroyed. 



The feeds of all the fpecies of this genus will fuc- 



ceed beft, if they are fown in autumn •, for when they 



are fown in the fpring, they frequently lie a whole 



■ year before the 'plants come up : therefore where the 



. Iceds of any of them fcatter, the plants will come up 



t- much better than thofe which arc fown by lund. 



CHIONANTHUS.Lin.Gen.Plant. 21. The Fringe^ 

 or Snowdrop- tree. This title was given to this plant 

 by Dr. Van Royen, from the whitenefs of its flow- 

 ers ; the inhabitants of America, where this tree is a 

 native, call it Snowdrop-tree, for the fame reafon : 

 and the Dutch call it Sneebaum, i. e- Snow-tree, on 

 the fame account. 



The Characters are, 

 // halb a permanent empalement of one leaf which is 

 ere£l^ and cut into four acute parts ; the flc^jjcr is of one 

 * petals having a floor t fpr ceding tube the length of the em- 

 palement-, and the upper part is cut into four very Icng 

 narrow fegments^ ivhich are ereii. It hath t'vuo fljort 

 fiamina iitferted in the tube of the petals which are ter- 

 minated by upright hcart-floaped fummils. In the center 

 is placed the oval germen^ fupporting a fingle flylc^ 

 crowned by an obtufe trifid flignia. The germen after- 

 ward becomes a round berry with one cell^ incloftng one 



hard feed. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 



Linna;us's fecond clafs, intitled Diandria Mono- 



gvnia 

 ftyle. 



the flower having two ftamina and one 



\Vc 



