■ ■'^ 



1 ■ ^ 



h 



' - 



- 



H 



and continue longer; for when their leaves and 



• branches are replete with moifture, they are very apt 



to rot in the winter, fo are feldom of lon^ duration ; 



but "where the plants have grown from ^the joints of 



- . old walls, I have known them continue in vigour fe- 



- veral years. 



The tenth fort grows naturally in the Canary Iflands, 



from whence it was firft brought to England, where 



. . it has been long an inhabitant in fome curious gar- 



' "^ dens. It has been frequently called by the gardeners 



.' Pellitory of Spain, from the very warm tafte which it 



[ hath, much refembling the talte of that plant. 



; This rifcs with a (hrubby ftalk near two feet high, 



I dividing into many branches, garnifhed with pretty 



■ J thick fucculent leaves, of a grayifh colour,^ cut into 



;, many narrow fcgments, which are divided into three 



parts at their extremity. The flowers come out from 



the wings of the leaves, ftanding upon naked foot- 



,|, ftalks fingly, which greatly refemble thofe of the 



; . ^ common Chamomile 5 there is a fucceflion of flowers 



'^. upon the fame plants great part of the year^ for which 



^^ It is chiefly efteemed. This plant will perfe6t feeds 



r in England, when the feafons are favourable ; but as 



■; ^. the cuttings of it take root fo eafily, if planted dur- 



■ : ,.~ ing any of the fummer months, the feeds are rarely 



-' ., Town. 



.... 'As this plant is a native of warm countries, it will 



" not live in the open air in England during the winter 



feafon ; therefore when the cuttings have made good 



> ■ "■^-, roots, they ftoukl be each planted into a feparate pot, 



-'..and placed in the fl:iade till they have taken frefli 



. root j then they may be removed to a fheltered fitua- 



H 



Jiye pans, almojl to the middle. The flower hath flue 

 petals, which fpr cad open, and ten ftamina, five of which 

 are longer than the petals ; the other are floor ter, and are 

 terminated by heart-Jhapedfummits. In the center is fttu- 

 ated an oval gennen, fuppcrting a tr i fid floor tftyle, crowned 

 by obtufe ftigmcs. The germen afterward becomes an 

 oval fiefhy berry, incloftng a nut with five longitudinal 



furrows. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firfl: fedtion of 

 Linn£eus*s thirteenth clafs, intitlcd Polyandria Mo- 

 nogynia -, but it v/ould be more properly placed in 

 the third feftion of his tenth clafs, for the flowers 

 • have ten fl:amina and three flrylcs. 

 The Species are, 



1. Chrysobalanus {Icaco) foliis ovatis, emarginatis, 

 floribus racemofis, raule fruticofo. Chry fob al anus with 

 oval indented leaves, flowers growing in bunches, and a 



' flhrubby ftalk, Frutex Cotini fere tblio craflb, in fum- 

 mitate deliquium paticnte, fruftu ovali cieruleo offi- 

 culum ancrulofum continente. Cateflb. Car. "The Cocoa 



- Plumb, 



2, Chrysobalanus {Purpurea) foliis decompofitis, fo- 

 liolis ovatis intee:errimis. Ckryfcbalanus with decom- 



jj 



pounded leaves, whofe Icbcs are oval and entire, Icaco 

 frudtu purpureo. Plum. Nov. Gen. 44. Icaco with 

 purple fruit. 



The firft fort grows naturally in tlie Bahama Iflands, 

 and in many other parts of America, but comimonly 

 near the Tea. It nfes with a flirubby ftalk about 



eight 



or ten 



feet 



high. 



lending out feveral fid 



r 1 



' * 



-- 



; time they muft be removed into the green-houfe to 



' ' protc£l them from frofl: „ but in mild weather they 



,' fliould have plenty of free air, and, during the win- 



. '' ter, they fliould be frequently rcfreflied with water, 



I but it mufl: not be given them in too great plenty. In 



". fummer they will require more moifliure, and fliould 



be treated in the fame manner als other hardier kinds 



^ of exotic plants. 



;* The eleventh fort grows naturally at the Cape of 

 i,.^ Good Hope, from whence the feeds were brought 

 ■■,^' many years pafl: to Holland, where the plants were 



\ 



branches, covered with a dark brown bark, fpotted 



^, , -^ ..^j withwhite-, thcfe are garniflied with oval ililf leaves, 



^ tion, where they may remain till autumn, at which which are indented at the end, in form of a heart, 



placed akernatclv on the branches. From the 

 Wings of the leaves, and alfo at the divifion of the 

 branches, the flowers are produced, which grow in 

 loofe bunches; thefe are fmall and white, having 

 many ftamina in each, which are joined to the petals 

 of the flowers, terminated by yellow fummits. The 

 flowers are fuccecded by oval Plumbs about the fize 

 of Damfons-, fome of thefe are blue, fome red, and 

 others yellow ; they have a fweet lufcious tafl:e. The 

 Spaniards in the ifland of Cuba, make a conferve of 

 thefe fruits. ■ The fl:one of the Plumb is fliaped like 

 a Pear, and hath five longitudinal ridges on it. This 

 grows naturally on moifl: land. 

 The feeds of the fecond fort were fent me from Ja- 

 maica, with Plumier's title ; the fl:ones were exacStly 

 the fame ftiape of thofe of the former, but the plants 

 have leaves compounded of feveral winged lobes, 

 which are branched out oppofite, each having fix or 

 feven pair of pinnae (or lobes.) This fort hath not 

 flowered in England, fo I can give no farther account 



of It. 



As thefe trees are natives of the warm parts of 

 America, fo they will not thrive in England, unlefs 

 they are kept in a warm fl:ove. They are propagated 

 by feeds, which mufl: be obtained from the countries 

 where the plants naturally grow ; thefe mufl: be fown 

 in the fpring in fmall pots filled with light earth, and 

 plunged into a hot bed of tanners bark, obferving 

 frequently to water the pots •, but not let them have 

 much at each time. In fix weeks the plants will 

 come up, and, if properly managed, will be fit to 

 remove in a month's time after, when they fliould be 

 carefully feparated, and each planted into a feparate 

 fmall pot filled with light kitchen-garden earth, and 

 then plunged into the hot-bed again, obferving to 

 fliade them from the fun till they have taken frefli 

 root ; after which they muft have air eveiy day in 

 proportion to the warmth of the feafon, and their 

 waterings durmg the fummer fliould be frequent, but 

 fparing. In the autumn the plants muft be removed 

 into the bark-ftove, and plunged into the tan-bed ; 

 and in winter the plants muft not have too much 

 water, left it occafions their throwing ofl' their leaves. 

 ^ In fummer they muft have a good fliare of air, and 

 ' the plants in the ftove fliould beconftantly treated in 

 the fame manner as other tender plants from the fame 



firft raifed, and from thence all the other parts of 



' Europe have been fupplied with this plant. It rifes 



;'^ with a flirubby ftalk about two feet high, which di- 



:,.vides into many flender branches upward, garniflied 



:-^ with oblong leaves, much indented on their edges, 



,' each indenture terminating in afoftfpine; thefe are 



■ of a pale green, fetclofe to the branches. The flow- 

 ers are produced on fliort foot-ftalks from the wings 



• of the leaves, toward the upper part of the branches ; 



thefe are globular, and formed of a great number of 



\.-, hermaphrodite florets, which are tubular and even, 



' , having no rays, fo are naked, and of a deep yellow 



\^-. colour. The flowers appear in June, and continue 



■;■■: in fuccefllon till the froft ftops them. This may 



_ . ^. be propagated by cuttings in the fame manner as the 



. . laft, and the plants fliould be treated in the fame way. 



'■ The twelfth fort grows naturally about Madrid : this 



, . hath a low flirubby ftalk, which feldom rifes a foot 



."high, putting out feveral flender ligneous branches, 



.; garnifhed with narrowj pale, green leaves ; thofe on 



. ,^the lower part of the branches are indented at their 



■ extremity in feveral parts, but the upper leaves are 

 : entire •, from the end of each branch is produced a 



naked foot-ftalk fix inches' long, fuftaining one ra- 

 . diated flower, of a fulphur colour. The flowers 

 come out in June and July, but there is feldom any 

 feeds ripened in England -, this fort muft be flieltered 

 under a common frame in winter, for unlefs the win- 

 ter proves very favourable, the plants will not live in 

 the open air here. It may be propagated by cuttings 

 , m fummer, as the tv/o laft forts, but thefe cuttings 



do not fo readily take root as thofe do. 

 CHRYSOBALANUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 585. 

 Icaco. Plum. Nov. Gen. 44. Cocoa Plumb. 

 _ The Characters are. 



of the flower is of one leaf 



countries. 



CIIRY- 



