c 



i 



It is much ctiliivated in Spain, being one of the in- 

 gredients in their olios, and is ther^ called Gara- 

 vance ; it is alfo cultivated in France, but in England 

 it is rarely fown. 



This plant is annual, fliooting out feveral hairy ftalks 

 from the root, which are about two feet long-, gar- 

 jiiihed with long winged leaves of a grayilh colour, 

 compofed of feven or nine pair of fmall roundilh 

 leaves (or lobes) terminated by an odd one, which 

 are fawed on their edges. From the fide of the 

 branches^ come out the flowers, fometimes one, at 

 other times two together. They are Ihaped like thofe 

 of Peafe, but are much fmalle/ ^rid white, ftanding 

 on long foot- ftalks J thefe are fucceeded by fhort 

 hairy pods, including two feeds in each, which are 

 the fize of common Peafe, but have a little knob or 

 protuberance on one fide.' 



The feeds of this plant may be fown in the fpring, 

 in the fame manner as Peale, making drills' with a 

 Koe, about an inch and a half deep, in which the feeds 

 Ihould be fown at about two inches afunder, then 

 with a rake drav/ the earth into the drill to cover the 

 fteds. The drills Ihould be made at three feet diftance 

 from each other, that therf may be room for their 

 branches to fpread, when the plants are fully grown, 

 as alfo to hoe the ground between thqin, to keep it 

 clean from weeds, which is a^] t^ ^^l^.\i^^ ^hx'fe plants 



require.- '^ .; .-l'^:^:.^ . . ^ '^. 



i 



\ 



I 



Auguft; butunlefs the feafon proves w^rOJ ^n4^fy 



the plants decay m this country 



npe. ,f I. 



'1 



s are 



. .ly -'*^'i' '■"^- * 



^ 



t^ 



^lant. §25. Tourn. loft. 



R. H. tab. 272. [xt^^ft/'fioV,' or xtp^o^sioi', of xtp^Ew, to 

 find, b'ecaufe found every where in walking.] Succory. 



. ,;The Characters are, , . - ,. 



.' S^Jbe flower hath a common fcah mpciUmenty 'which at 

 firji ts cyhnancaL but is afterward expanded ; the fcales 

 are narrow^ Jpear-Jhaped^ and equal. The flower ts com- 

 pofed of many hermaphrodite fi(irets^ which ^rf ^/^/^» 

 'uniform'^ and Jiand circularly^ each having gn^ petals 

 which is tcngui-Jhaped^ arfd cut into five fegmenis. I'hey 

 have five Jhort hairy fiqmina^ textnin^ed by fm-cornered 

 cylindrical jummts: Them-men is Jttuated unier the 

 petals fupporting a fienderjlyle^ crowned by two turning 

 ftigtnas : the germen afterwqxi hfomes a ftngle fiedy in- 

 ch fed with a down, andfhut tip in the empalemnt, \ 

 I his genus or plants is ranged in the nrft lection of 

 Linn^us's nineteenth clafs, intitled Syrigenefia Poly- 

 amia asqualis. The plai]ps of tjiis^ ftfSi9A h^ve only 

 ermaphrodite fruitful florets. "' .■ : 



The Species are, * ' ^ .''-' * ,j 



I. CicHORiuM {Intybus) floqbu? geminis feffilibus, foliis 



runcinatis. Flor. Suec. 650. Succory with two flowers 



fitting cloje to the ftalk. Cichonum fylyeftre five of- 



i / * 



* ' 



2. CicHORiuM {Spinofiim) c« 

 ribus axillaribus feffilibus. Hort. Cliff. 

 with aprkkly forkedfialh ,_ , ^„ .j^-„,,_ _, 



P. 126. Prjckfyjuccgry, . .• _ .:, ., . 



3. Cicnov^iv uj^^ndivia) floribj^s folitq,ri^ p^duncula.|is, 

 ■ foliis integri's, crenatis. Hort. Cli|F. 389. Succory with 



^wg"^*? Jtowers 'm foQt-ftalks\ and entire crendted leaves, 

 CichoriumU^if9nu.m, fjv^ en^iyia vulgaris. C. B. P. 

 12:5. Broad-leaved Succory, of common Endive, ■ v, ^ 

 4.. CICHORIUM {Crtjpum) npnqu^ ioht^ini? pedunculatis, 



' foliis fimbriatis, crifpis. ''^^oiy with finale flpw^^ 

 foot-ftalks^ and fringed curl^ ka^e^. /Ej^iiji^(\d, c^ifpa. 



'C. B. P. 125. Curled E^ndivc,^ ..; ,; ,;.!..;' 'V ; ':\- ...... 



•The firft fort grows naturatl^^ Jiy the fide5 of roads 



\wd jpjhady lanes, in r^a.r\y p^t% pfgng^ap^; this 



'," has, been fuppofed to be no other way dmerine from 

 the garden Succory, but by the latter being cultivated 

 in gardens J indeed, cngft of the wrii;^rs on t)otany, 

 have confounded the t^^o fo^ts. t;ogeth<?r 5 for the Ga;:- 

 den Succory which is defcrlbed ir\ rhoft of the old 

 books, I take to be the bVoad-leaved Endive, which 

 is the third fort lxe);e CAUO^^af^d, for I Mye many 

 years cultivated both forts in" the gaVdep^ without 



finding either 'of them alteh' There is an cftencial 



Ir 



. difference between thefe, for the wild Succory hath 

 a perennial creeping root, whereas the other is at moft 

 but a biennial plant i ^nd if the feeds of the latter are 

 fown in the fpring, the plants will flower and produce 

 feeds the fame year, and perilh in auturan, lb that 

 it may rather be called annual. The wild Succory 

 fends out from the roots long leaves, which arc ja^rr^^} 



. to the midrib, each fegment ending in a point -^ tVom 

 between thefe arife the ftalks, which grow from three 

 tp four feet high, garnilhed with leaves, Ihaped likt 

 thofe at the bottom, but are fmaller, and embrace 

 the ftalks at their bafe. Thefe branch out above imo 

 feveral fmaller ftalks, which have the fame leaves 

 but fmaller and lefs jagged i the flowers are produced 



^ from the fide of the ftalks, which are of a fine blue 

 colour ; thefe are fqcceeded by oblong feeds, inclofed 

 in a down. It flowers in June and July, and the 

 feeds ripen in September. 



The fecond fort grows naturally on the fea-coafts in 

 Sicily ^nd the ift^^ds of ;he Archipelago. This fends 

 put from the rpgt many lon^ leaves, which are in- 

 dented on tneir edges, Ip reading flat on the ground ^ 

 from between t^hefe arife the ftalks, which have very 



. few leaves, and thofe fmall and entire : the ftalks are 

 divided in fcu*Ics upward, from between thefe come 

 but the flowers, which are of a pale blue, and are 

 fucceeded by (eqds fl:iaped Uke th9fe of the con)ipon 

 . fort : the ends of the fmaller branches are terminated 

 by ftar-fike fpines, which are very fharp. The plant 

 , js bfennial witht;^ }n England, and it) cold winters is 

 frequently killed. It flowers a;id feeds about the fame 

 time with the tormer iort, and may be treated mthc 



ikme way as the Endive, ; -. .. . 



The broad leaved Succory or Endive, differs from 

 the wild forts in its duration, the root always perifl-iing 

 after it has ripeneS feeds : the leaves are broader, 

 j-Qi^pder at thp t^, ^^n^d not J^^i^i^ted 01^ the fides as 

 the leaves of tfie wild ; the branches are more hori- 

 ^ zontal, and the ftalks never rife lo high, ; 



: This fort ^ riqt my^V cpl^^^^ in Ac Engm gar- 

 dens at prefent, for the curled Endive bcins; tenderer, 



., and not fo bitter, is generally^ preferred to it.. . The 



'. broad-leaved an4 9141^1^4. Endive has beca fuppofed 



' to be only v^irieties from eacl} ofljef, yljich jiath ac- 

 cidentally been produced by culture ; but from having 



:. cultivated both npar forty years, I could never find 



[_ that th^y^ eyer ajt^r^d, pt^hemifp |;]>3n i?y, the curled 

 fort comins more or lefs curled ; the leaves of triis 

 fort have only a few flight indenti^res on their edges, 

 and the ftalks grQ^ ii^orc ereft, having but few leaves 

 upon them. Tl^is, when ^Dl^nchedj ha? a bitter tafte, 



. which has occafioncd its being generally neglecied 

 in England, but in Italy it is ftill cultivated in their 



.„ gardens. 



.• All the forts of 

 diuretic, opening obftrudions of the liver, and good 

 fpr the jaundice ^ h pyoyokps urine, and tleanfes die 



J -urinary p^^age^ pj j]ip:i,y huipgwrs, which may fcop 

 their pajTage. . , 



, The curled Endjive; is now much cultivated in the 

 EngUfli gardexis^ !^^g o^^ ^f the principal ingrcdi- 



' ^?^?. Si'^^S^vmA^ for which 



purpofe it is continued as Ions as the feafons will per- 



mit. I flaall therefqi-e givp dire6tions for the managing 

 pf |hi^ pi?h.t^ h ^, t(j h^v<^ ^t ^^ perfeftioh during the 

 auturnn ancl winter momh^. .; •' 

 The firft feafon for lowing of thefe feeds is in May, 

 for thofe which are fown earlier in the year, generally 



.Tize for blanching; and^ it frequently happens, that 



f,th^ feeds fown in TVIay in the rich ground near Lon- 



djO/i^ will rupj x^ ^eds the fame a,Uitun:m; but in fi- 



^tuajipn^s which 2,59 colder, they are not fo apt to run 



up, therefore there inpuld be fome feeds fown about 

 t^' piddle or latt^cerul of that month. The fecond 

 fpwing fl^apuUbg abput; the i^ic^^le of June, and the 

 laft tirne in the middl^ of July. From thefe tlirce 

 different crops, there will be a fupply for the rabie 

 during thp wljgl^ ic^ibp 5, for there will be plants of 

 each Towing, yejy d^^tjrenfin their grov/th, io that 



are efteemed aperitive and 





,(., 



