- ■ 



.> 



Vobts, fe g^c fcldom ^ept ii) gardens, unlefs for the 



fake of variety. ^ 



If the roots are planted in any fhady moift part of a 



The Characters are, 



// hath a ftnall many4£aved empaki^ent^ and four coi:- 

 cave petals to the flower^ with a la7'ge ncolarhtm at iht 



garden, thpy w*^U ipcrf ^fe f^ft enough without any 1 border of the germen^ and four fiamina the length cf tU 



corolla infertedin the ne5iarium^ crowned by rctindifh fim- 



• 9 ' \ 



care* ; 



CIRCULATION oJfthefap. See Sap. 



CIRRI are tliofe fipe ftrings or fibres put out from 



the ftalks of pla^tSj by \^hi?f fame plants fallen them- 



■ pelves to walls, pales, or^r^es, in order to their fup- 



port, as Ivy> &c. 

 C I R S I U M. See Carduus. . 

 CISS AMPEl-.QS, Lin. Gen. Plant. 993, Caapeba. 



Plum.Nov. Gen. 33. tab. ag. 



The ^HAB,ACT£Rs atc, 

 // h male andf^m^k, different plants % the male flow- 



^s have no pppakfpeni ; they have four oval plain petals, 

 cind a wheel-fbaped ne3arium in the dijk^ with four fmall 

 fiamina joined tog^thcr^ crowned by plain fummits. The 

 female flowers have neither en^alement or corolla ; injlead 



. cfpetalf^ there is a Iqrge neSariumj whofe membranes 

 fiand round the hairy oval germen^ which afterward be- 

 comes a fucculent berry, inclofing a fingle feed. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the twelfth feftion 

 of Linn^us's twenty -fecond clafs, intitled Dicecia 

 Monodelphia, the male and female flowers being on 

 different plants, and the ipaJe flowers have four fta- 



, mina, which are joined in one body. 

 The Species are, 



mits. The germen is four-cornered, fupporting a flender 

 ftyle the length of the fiamina, crowned by an acute fligwa. 

 The cover of the fiovoer afterward becomes a berry indofing 

 one roundifh feed. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linnseus's fourth clafs, intitled Tetrandria Mono- 



fl-amina and one 



the 



flowers having four 



gynia, 

 ftyle. 



The Species are, . 



1. Cissus {Cordifolia) foliis cordatis integerrimis. Lin. 

 Sp. 1 70. IVild Grape with entire heart-fJjaped leaves. 

 Vitis folio fubrotundo, uva corymbofa casruleo. 

 Plum. Gen. 18. 



2. Cissus {Sicyoides) foliis ovatis nudis fetacep ferratis, 

 Lin. Sp. 170. ff^ild Grape with oval leaves which are 



Bryonia alba geniculato, viol^ foliis, baccis 



I. D. 106. 



3 



fawed. 



e viridi-purpurafcentibus. Sloan. Hift. Jam. i. p 

 Cissus {Acida) foliis ternatis oblongis carnofis inci- 



s 



fis. Lin. Sp. 170. 



Wild Grape with trifoliate leaves^ 



Vitis 





I. 



CissAMPELos (Pariera) foliis peltatis cordatis emar- 

 ginatis. Lin^ §P- ^473- Ciffampelos with target heart- 

 Jhaped leaves which are indented at their top, Caapeba 

 folio orbicular!, & umbilicato lasvi. Plum. Nov. 33. 



"': Q9^$?k^ W(k ^ roupdf fmooth, umbilicated leaf 

 Q,» CissAMPELOs {Caapeba) foliis bafi petiolatis integris. 

 , Lin, Sp. 1473* Ciffampelos with leaves having foot- 

 ' sfialks, c^nd entire of their bafe, Caapeba folio orbicu- 

 lar! rjpn^umbilicato, Plpm. Nov. Gen. 33. Caapeba 

 . with a round leaf not umbilicated^ called Velvet Leaf in 

 < America. ^ ' 



Tb?ft plants grow naturally, iq the warrnefl: parts of 

 America, where they twifl: themfelves about the neigh- 

 . bouring flirubs, and rife to the height of five or fix 

 feet. The.firft fort hath, round heart-fliaped leaves, 

 whofe fpotrftalks are kt within the bafe of the leaf, 

 ' refembling an ancient target ; thefe are hairy on their 

 under fide, and have pretty long flender foot-fl:alks. 

 . Toward th^.yppcr p^rt of the ftalks the flowers come 

 , out frpnj the wings of the leaves ^ thofe of the male 

 . vplants grp\v in fiiort fpikes or cluftcrs, and are of a 

 pale herbaceous colour ; but the female flowers are 

 ro^uced in long lopfe racemi from the fide of the 



1 



alks, and are fu<;:ceeded by a fipgle. pulpy berry in- 

 dofing a 'fingle feed. ./ : ■ .. - 



The fecond fgrt hath round heart-fliaped leaves, 

 which are extremely woolly and fofc to the touch -, 

 thefe have their foot-ftalks placed at the bafe between 

 the two ears ; the flowers of this come out in bunches 

 from th^ fide of the ftalks, in the faxne manner as the 

 firft. The ftalks and every part of the plant is co- 

 vered with a fpft woolly down. -!_ , 

 ■ The feeds of both thefe plants were fent me from 

 Jamaica, by the late Dr. Houftoun, which fucceeded 

 in the Chelfea garden, where the plants produced 

 their flowers for feveral years ; and the fruit of the 

 firft fort were produced, bi^t thefe would not grow, 

 . though they feemed to be perfectly ripened ; but the 

 . plants grew at fome diftance from the male, fo were 



probably not impregnated. 

 ; Thefe plants are propagated by feeds, which ftiould 

 ^ be fown upon a hot-bed in the fpring; and the plants 

 muft afterward be treated in the fame way as other 

 tender exotics, keeping them conftantly in the 

 bark-ftove, otherwile they will not live in this 

 country. . . 



The firft fprt is fuppofed to be the Pareira, whofe 

 root has been fo much efteemed as a diuretic. But 

 by a fpecimen which I received from the late Dr. 

 Houftoun, under the title of Pariera, it fliould ra- 

 ther be ranged under the genus of Smilax. 

 CISSUS, Wild Grape, 



i 



1 



which are oblong, fiefhy, and cut on their edges. 

 trifolia minor corymbofa, acinis nigrioribus turbina- 

 tis. Plum. Sp. 18. V 



4. Cissus {Trifoliata) foliis ternatis fubrotundis fubden- 

 tatis. Lin. Sp. 170. Wild Grape with roundifh trifoliate 

 leaves, which are Jlightly indented, Bryonia alba tri- 

 phylla maxima. Sloan. Hift. Jam. i. p. 106. 

 Thefe plants all of them grow naturally in the 

 ifland of Jamaica, and in fome of the other iflands 

 in the warm parts of America, where they fend out flen- 

 der branches, having tendrils at their joints, by which 

 they faften to tjie peighbouring trees, bufties, and 

 any other fupport, mounting to a confideraWc height. 

 The firft fort produces bunches of fruit, which are 

 frequently eaten by the negroes, but are chiefly food 

 for birds and wild fowl, as indeed are, n^ftft of the 

 fruit of the other forts, as they all grow w the un- 

 cultivated parts, ' ;•. 

 The plants are preferved in fome of the European 

 gardens, more for the fake of variety, than for ufe 

 or beauty, as they rarely produce either fruit or flow- 

 ers in moderate climates. They are propagated ci- 

 ther by laying their flexible branches down in pots of 

 earth, where they will put out roots in four or five 

 months, or by planting cuttings in pots filled with 

 light earth, which fliould be plunged into a moderate 

 hot-bed of tanners bark, covering the pots clofely with 

 hand-glafles to exclude the outer air : the cuttings 

 muft be frequently refreflied with water, but not too 

 much given at each time. When thefe or the layers 

 are well rooted, they fliould be carefully taken up, 

 and each planted in a fmall pot filled with light earth, 

 and plunged into the hot-bed of tan, where they 

 fliould conftantly remain, being too tender to thrive 

 in England, but with this care. Therefore they 

 fliould be fliifted into larger pots when it is necefiary, 

 and their branches muft be fupported with ftakes, to 

 prevent them from trailing over the neighbouring 

 plants i and in warm weather the plants fliould have 

 free air admitted to them daily. With this treatment 

 they will thrive very well. 



C I S T U S. Lin. Gen. Plant. 598. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 

 259. tab. 136. [It is fo called from ¥.^rU, or KKr^^;?, 

 Gr, Ivy, becaufe its fmall feminal vefl^el is inclofcd in 

 a cifta, or little cheft.] Rock-rofe. 



The Characters are, 

 ^he flower hath a five-leaved empalement which is perma- 

 nent, two of the middle alternate leaves being fmalkr than 

 the other. The flower hath five large roundifJj petals which 

 fpread open -, it hath a great number of hairy ftavnna^ 

 which arefhorter than the petals, and are terminated by 

 fmall roundiflj fummits. In the center is Jit ua ted a romdip 

 germen^ fupporting a fmgle flyle the length of the ftannna, 

 crowned by a plain oxbicular fiigma. The germen after- 

 ward becomes an oval clofe capfule, having in fomcjive, 



and others ten celh\ filed with fmall rcundip feeds. 



This 





