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All ihe variovTs kinds of Ciftus are ver)' great orna- , of tlic plants fom^ard in tlie fprlng In this mct!ic:r, 



■ • ■ " - ~ ^....^.,^-.1 :., I they will [^ row to the height of two feet, or mure, 



the firft li.;;i;mer, and have many Uteral branch.es, io 

 will be ftrang enough to plant libroad lac fllluv/ipg 



fj^ring, and moil of them will fiov.cr the lame fummctl 



mcnts to a garden;' their fiowcrs are produced ii^ 

 great plcntv, which though but of a Ihorc duration, 

 yet are fucceeded by frefn ones almoft every day for 

 above two months fuccefTivcly ; thcfe flowers are 

 many of them about the bigneis of a middling Rofe, 

 but fingle, and of different colours; the plants con- 

 tinue their leaves all the year. 



Thcfe plants are all of them, except the lafl, hardy 

 enough to live in the open air in England, unlcfs in 

 very fevere winters, which often deiboys many of 

 them, fo that a plant or two of each fort may be kept 

 in pots, and Ihekered in winter, to prefervc the 

 kinds-, the rcll may be intermixed with other jhrubs, 

 where they will make a pretty divcrfity ; and in fuch 



. places where they are fheltered by other plants, they 



. will endure the cold much better than where they 

 arc fcattered fingly in the borders. , Many of thefe 



■ plants will grow to the height of five or ^\x feet, and 

 will have large fpreading heads, provided they are 

 permitted to grow uncut; but if they are ever 



, trimmed, it fhould be only fo much as to prevent their 

 iicads from growing too large for their ftems ; for 



- whenever this happens, they are apt to fall on the 



: ground, and appear unfightly. 



^i 'I'hefc ftirubs are propagated by feeds, and alfo from 

 cuttings ; but the latter method is feldom praftifed, 

 unlcfs for thofe forts which do not produce feeds in 



"England; thefe are the twelfth, leventeenth, and 

 eighteenth forts; all the others generally produce 

 oknty of feeds, efpeclally thofe plants which came 

 from feeds; for thofe which are propagated by cuttings, 

 arc very fubjcft to become barren, which is alfu com- 



• men to many other plants. ^ 



The feeds of thefe plants may be fo^n \n the fpring 

 upon a common border of light earth, where the 



. plants will come up in fix or icven weeks, and, \i 



fhey arc kept clear from weeds, and thinned where 



they are too clofe, they will grow eight or ten inches 



*high t)\Q fame year; but as thefe plants, when young, 



ate liable to injury from hard froft, therefore they 



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whereas thofe which are fown m t!ic full ground, 

 rarely flower till the year after ; nor v/ill they be fo 

 ftrong, or capable to refui the cold of the fccond 

 winter, as thofe which have bcca brought forv/ard. 

 In the fpring following, thefe plants may be turned 

 out of the pots, with all the earth preferved to their 

 roots, and planted in the places where they are to re- 

 main (for they are bad plants to remove when arown 

 old,) obferving to give them now and then a little 

 water, until they have taken frefa root; after which 

 time, they will require no farther care thun to train 

 them upright in the manner you v/ouIJ have them 

 grow; but thofe plants which v/erc at nrll planted 

 into a border in the open ground, fhould be arched 

 over, and covered with mats in frofty weather, during 

 the firfl winter, but may be tranfpiantcd abroad the 

 fucceeding fpring. In removing of thefe plants, you 

 fhould be careful to preferve as much earth about 

 the roots as you can ; and if the fcafon fliould prove 

 hot and dry, you mufl water and fhade them until 

 they have taken frelh root, after v/iiich they will re- 

 quire no other culture than was before dire6tcd. 

 Thefe plants may alfo be propagated by cuttings, 

 which mould be planted in May or June, upon abed 

 of light earth, keeping them fhaded with mats, and 

 frequently fefrefhed with water, until they have taken 

 root ; which will be in about tw*o months time, when 

 you may tranfplant them into pots filled with good 

 frelh light earth, and they Ihould be fet in a fhady 



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inch 



place until they have taken root, then they may be 

 expofed to the open fun until Oclobcr, when you 

 fhould remove them into fheltcrche firft winter; but 

 the fucceeding fpring you may plant them abroad, as 

 was before diredled for the feedling plants. 

 The fourteenth and fifteenth forts are by much the 

 mofl beautiful of all thcfe Ciftus's ; thx; flowers, w^hich 

 arc as big as a large Rofe, are of a fine wliite, v/ith a 



Tiigh, fome into fmall pots filled with light earth, J deep purple fpot on the bottom of each leaf. Thcfe 

 that they may be removed into fhelter in winter, and 1 plants alfo abound with a fweet glutinous liquor 



die others into a warm hovAct^ at about fix inches 



:ach way; thofe which are potted, mufl be 

 <fe in a fliady fituation till they have taken new root; 

 ^ari(I thofe planted in the border mufl be^fliaded every 

 day with mats till they are rooted, after which the 

 latter will require no other care but to keep them 

 clean from weeds till autumn, when they fhould have 

 hoops placed over theni, that they may be covered 

 in frofty weather ; thofe in the pots may be removed 

 into an open fituation, io foon as they have taken 

 new root, where they may remain till the end of Oc- 

 tober, hut during the fummer they mud be Ihifted 

 into larger pots, and be frequently watered ; the end 

 ot Oiftobcr they fhould be placed under a hot-bed 

 frame to fcreen them from the cold in winter, but, 

 . at all times, when the weather is mild, they fliould 

 be fully expofed to the open air, and only covered in 

 frolls: with this management, the plants will thrive 

 tnuch better than when they are more tenderly 



treated. 



The above method is what the gardeners generally 

 praftifc; but thofe who are defirous to have dicir 

 plants come forward, fliould fow the feeds on a mo- 

 derate hot-bed in the fpring, which will bring up the 

 plants very foon ; but thefe muft have plenty of air 



when they appear, otherwife tliey will draw up very 

 wcax ; when the plants are fit to remove, they fliould 

 pc each planted into a fcparate fmall pot, and plunged 

 |n^o a very moderate hot-bed, obfervmg to fliadc 

 ™^m till they have taken frefli root ; then they muft 

 have plenty of air admitted to them every day in good 

 ' Jfi^^her, to prevent their drav/ing up weak ; and by 

 pegrees they mull be hardened, fo as to be removed 



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and then 



as is before 



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directed for the other feedling plants. By tlie bringing 



which Q:xiudc% ihvou^ the pores of tht leaves in io 

 plentiful a m.anner in hot weatlier, that the furfaces 

 of the leaves are covered therewith; from thia. plant 

 Clufius thinks might be gathered great quantities cf 

 the ladanum which is ufed in medicine, in the woods 

 in Spain, where he faw vaft quantities of tJiis fhrub 



growing. 



b'ut it is from xho. ninth fort, which Monf Tonrnc- 

 fort fays, the Greeks, in the Archipelago, gather 

 this fweet gum ; in the doing of which (Bellonius 

 fays) they make ufe of an inftrument like a raks 

 without teeth, which they call crgaftiri ; to this are 

 tied many thongs of raw and untanned leather, which 

 they rub gently on the buflics that produce ladanum, 

 {o that the liquid moifture may flick upon the thongs, 

 after which they fcrape it off with knives ; this is 

 done in the hotteft time of the day, for which reafon 

 the labour of gathering this ladanum is exceffive, and 

 almoft intolerable, fince they are obliged to remain 

 on the mountains for whole days together, in the very 

 heat of fummer, or the dog days; nor is there any 

 perfon almoft that w^ill undertake this labour, except 



the Greek monks. 



Monf. Tournefort alfo relates the fame in his travels, 

 where he fays, that the flirubs which produce the 

 ladanum grow upon dry fandy hillocks; and that he 

 oblerved feveral country fellows in their Ihlrts and 

 drawers, that were brufliing the flirubs with their 

 whips; the ftraps whereof, by being drawn over the 

 leaves of the plant, licked up a fort of odoriferous 

 balfam fticking tVpon the leaves, which he fuppofes 

 to be partof The nutritious juice of the plant, which 

 exfudes through the pores of the leaves, where it re- 

 makis like a fattifli dew, in fliining drops as clear as 

 turpentine. 



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When 



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