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i CLiNOPODiuM(C«rc/&«M««/«)ciuieeretto, nonramoio, j of the fcabious ; they are white, Ihaped like tkolJ** 



foliis fubtus villofis, verticillis paucioribus, brafteis of the other, but fmaller ; the braftea in^mediately 

 / cs\y^c\ox\g\onh^5. Field Bafil with an upright, un-^ „.^.. .u„ .„,^„i r. . . ,., 



r- Iranchingfialk, haves hairy on thm ^nder fide, fe^j)er 



[whorls, and hraBea longer than thg enipalement. /.-.Ch- 



! nopodium Americanum, eredum, non ramofum fo- 

 ' ;liis longioribus, internodiis longilfimJs. Dale. , . ,/ 

 is. Clinopodium {jEgyptiacum) foliis ovatis rugofis, 



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verticillis omnibus diltantibus, i. e. 



Bafil 



hu.-cval rough leaves, and the whorls of^fiower\ fiandtng at 

 .'7 w great diftance. Clinopodium ^Egyptiacum, . vulgari 

 ,/ fimile. Dill. Egyptian Field Bajil like the common.-, 



The firft fort grows naturally by the fide of hedges 

 -s.'^-and in thickets, in many parts of" England ; this hath 

 ■ifa perennial fibrous root, which fends up feveml ftiff- 

 jafquare ftalksafootandahalf high, from which come out 

 "a few lateral branches toward the top, garjiifhed with 





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oval hairy leaves, placed oppofitc^, at the top of the 



.p: flalks the flowers come out in round whorls, or heads ; 



* -• one of thefe terminate the^ftalk, and therc is generally 



li' :another which furrounds the flalk at the joint im- 



■ t... mediately below it. The flowers are fometimes purple, . 



M_at others white, for they vary from one colour to the 



other, when they are propagated by feeds, fo that 



under^the empalement, fpread out like rays. This 

 plant flowers in September in this cbuntry, but never 

 , tipens its feeds here. . ^ 



The feeds of the fourth fort were fent me from Ca- 

 rolina. By the late Dr. Dale ; this hath fome aj)pear- 

 ahce of our common fort, but the flialks do not <yrow 

 more than half fo high, and divide into many long 



. fide branches j the leaves are fmaller and rou^^her and 



■ the whoi-ls of flowers are produced half the teno-th of 

 the branches, whereas the common fort hath rarely 



• more than two •, the braclea at the bafe of the em- 

 palement is alfo much longer. This flowers in June 



, and J \ 



/.The fifth fort was fent me by the late Dn Dale, from 

 Carolina-, this hath a perennial root, which fends up 



V flrait hairy fl:alksj almoft round; the joints of thefe 



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both colours are found naturally in the fields. >.»The 

 - whorls (or heads) grow very clofe, and each foot- 

 t ftalk fuftains feveral flowers •, each flower hath a tu- 

 bular empalement, ending in five fnarp points, which 



* Itand ered ; at the bafe of the empalement ftaad fwo 

 T- briilly fpines, which Llnn^us terms , the bra.ftea •, 

 : thefe ftand almoft horizontal under the empalement. 

 i The flower is of the labiated, or lip kind, according 



* JO Tournefort, Ray^ &c. which is. now ftyled ringent, 

 or grinning, from the appearance which the upper 



. , are four or five inches afundcr, at each of thefe come 



;,;.but tv/o oblong leaves, hairy on their under fide, 

 fl:anding upon ftiort foot-fl:alks ;. at the bottom of 

 thefe come out on each fide a (lender branch, half 



.. ;an inch long, having two or four fmall leaves, Ihaped 



-.••. like the other.- ; The flowers are produced in fmall 

 whorls, fl:anding thinly, thefe are white, and the 

 braftea afe longer than the empalement. This flowers 



, in Auguft. .- , ., ' , .. . • ;. 



- The fixth fort is la native of Egypt, fronii whence the 

 :\feed3 Y/ere fent to Europe, and the plants have for 



/:fon>g years paft grp"vyn in many curious gardens. It 

 liath a perennial root ; the fl:alks rife a foot and an 



; half high, garnilhed with oy^ leaves, having many 

 /tranfverfe deep furrows, 'of a 'dark g-reen Colour, 



hi ' - . - - B 



• part has to the mouth, or chaps of anirnals,-, 1 he J _ There are commonly two or four fide branches from 



upper lip is broad and trifid, biit tlfe under is cut 

 into two narrow Segments; each flower is fucceeded 



the main fl:em, produced toward the bottom' % and 

 the whorls of flowers are produced at every joint to*t 



by four naked feeds, fitting at the. bottom of the em- I . ward the upper part of the flalks : thefe .are pretty 



" ' ^ .... Yzrg^ and hairy.. The flowers are fomewhat larger 



palement. 



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The ftcondi fort grows naturally in Penfylvariia and I ..tb^n.thofe. of the common Field Bafil, and are of a 

 Carolina, from both of thefe countries I have fre- 1 deeper colour, fl:retching a little more out of theem- 

 quently received the feeds -, this hath a perennial root^ | , palement. The leaves of this have at firft fight much 

 yrhich fends up many fquare flalks about two 



^'•^^ high, which put out a fewlhort fide branches toward 



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oblong 

 Water Mint 



1 ' pofite, clofe to the ftalk -, they are hoary, and foft to 

 ^ the touch, and liave a flrong odour, between that of 



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Marjoram and Bafil. The upper furface of the leaves 

 is of a pale green," but their under fide is hoary and 

 woolly'^' they are flightly indented on their edges. 



row 



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- ftalksi each ftalk hath generally three of thefe whorls, 

 :. i the upper which terminates the ftalk being fmaller, 

 ,;, the other two incrcafing, fo that the lower is the 

 5ft greatefl. - The flowers are of a pale purple colour, 

 V^ and fliaped like thofe of the firft fort, but the ftamina 

 1^- of this ftands out beyond the petal, and the braftea 

 ;i- at the bafe of the empalement are large, fpear-lhaped, 

 V and indented on their fides. This plant is called 

 Snake-weed in fome parts of America, fuppofing it 

 a remedy for the bite of rattle fnakes; '.This flowers 

 in July in Ei _ 



The third fort grows nafurally in Carolina, from 

 whence the feeds were fent me by the late Dr. Dale : 

 thi§'hath a perennial root, which fends up feveral 

 fquare ftalk-s, which are clolely covered with brownifli 

 hairs:; thefe rife between two and three feet high, 

 garnifhed with leaves which are very unequal in their 

 fize, thofe at the bottom, and alfo toward the tpp, 

 being above three inches long, and one inch and a 



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r the fame appearances but when they are obferVed 

 ;:.with attention, the difference is foon obfcrved be- 

 tween the two forts : but the greateft difference is 

 in the leaves and whorls of flowers being placed at a 

 greater diftance^ and the ftalks growing fparfedly in 

 this fpecies ; nor do the plants continue fo long as 

 thofe of the common fort. • - : • 



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quarter broad, whereas thofe in other parts of the 



■ ftalk are not half fo large \ they are rough on their 



upper fide, hairy below, and fawed on their edges, 



ftanding oppofite : all the lower part of the ftalk, but 



immediately below the foot-ftalks of the flower-heads, 



there are three large leaves ftanding round the ftalks i 



between thefe arife two flender hairy foot-ftalks, 



' about three inches long, one on each fide tl>e ftalk •, 



■ ' thefe fuftain fmall heads of flowers, ftiaped like thofe 



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three weeks before the common Field Bafil, and the 

 feeds ripen in September \ which^ if permitted to 

 feather, the plants will come up in autumn ; and if 

 the winter proves favourable, they will live in the 

 open air, provided they grow on a dry foil ; but iii 

 moift ground they are frequently deftroyed,- efpecially 

 when the plants are young. 



This plant approaches near to the Clinopodium Ori- 

 entale Origani folio, flore minimo. Tour, Corol. 12- 

 But by comparing this with a fpecimen of that fort 

 from the Paris garden^ I find the leaves of that are 

 fmoother^ and placed much nearer together on the 

 ftalks than thofe of this fort ; the flowers are fmaller, 

 fothat it may be deemed a diftinft fpecies, as thefe 

 differences are permanent, and do not alter in any of 

 the plants which arife from the feeds. 

 Thefe plants may be propagated by feeds, and alfo 

 by parting their roots \ the latter is generally prac- 

 tifed in England, be'caufe few of the forts perfect 

 their feeds here. The beft- time to tranfplant and 

 . part their roots is in autumn, that they may take 

 root before winter. If thefe are planted in a dry foil, 

 they are all, except the third forr, hardy enough 

 to thrive in the open air in England, and require no 

 Other care but to keep them clean from weeds, and 

 every other year they may be tranfplanted and parted; 

 The third fort muft be planted in pots, and in win- 

 ter fheltered under a frame, where the plants may 

 enjoy the free air in mild weather, but fcreened 



from froft, otherwife thev will not live in this countfv. 



CLITORIA. 



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