O N 



Anifeed. It flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in 



autumn. , ^ ^ - , • n 



The fecond fort differs from the firft, m havmg taller 



ftalks, which are not fo much fpotted. The leaves 



are much narrower, and of a paler green -, and this 



difference is conftant, for I have cultivated it near 



twenty years in the Chelfea garden, where it has not 



varied. The feeds were fent me from Germany, 



where it grows naturally. This is biennial as the 



former. 



The third fort grov/s naturally near the Cape of Good 



Hope, in Africa, from whence the feeds were brought 

 to Holland, where the plants have been preferved in 

 fome of their curious gardens of plants. The feeds 

 of this plant were fent me by the late Dr. Boerhaave, 

 profeffor of Botany at Leyden. This plant rarely 

 grows more than nine inches high -, the lower leaves 

 are divided fomewhat like thofe of tlie fmall wikl Rue, 

 and are of a grayilh colour ; thofe upon the ftalk are 

 much narrower, but of the fame colour -, thefe are 

 terminated by umbels of white flowers, each of the 

 larger umbels being compofed of three fmall ones ; 

 the involucrum hath three narrow leaves, fituated 

 under the umbel. This flowers in July, and ripens 

 feed in autumn, foon after which the plants decay. 

 The firft fort grows wild in mofl: parts of England, 

 fo is fcldom allowed room in gardens, becaufe it is 

 fuppofed to have a poifonous quality; fome phyficians 

 liave affirmed that it is fo to all animals, while others 

 have affured us, that it is eaten .by the inhabitants of 

 fome parts of Italy when it is young, and is by them 

 efteemed a great dainty. Mr. Ray mentions that he 

 has found the^ gizzard ofathrufli, full of Hemlock 

 feeds, with four or five grains of Corn, intermixed 

 with it, which, in the time of harvefl:, that bird had 

 negleftcd for Hemlock, fo very fond was it of that 



. feed which we reckon pernicious. However, it is very 

 certain, that fcarce any animal will eat the green herb; 

 for it is very common to fee the grafs, and mofl other 



^ weeds eat clofe where cattle are allowed to feed, and 

 all the plants of Hemlock, which were growing left 



untouched. 



This plant is efteemed by many phyficians, as an ex- 

 cellent remedy to diffolve fchirrous tumors; and 

 fome have greatly recommended it for cancers, and 

 molt of them agree, that it may be prefcribed as a 

 good narcotic. 



The fecond fort is preferved in Ibme botanic gardens 

 for the fake of variety. If the feeds of this are per- 

 mitted to fcatter, the plants will come up in plenty, 

 fo if they are not rooted out, will become as trouble- 

 fome weeds as the firft fort. 



The third fort is an humble plant, and being tender, 

 will never become, troublefome ; for unlefs the winters 

 are very favourable, this plant will not live in the 

 open air in England. ' The feeds of this fort ftiould 

 be fown in pots in autumn foon after they are ripe, 

 and placed under a common frame in winter, where 

 they may be expofed to the open air at all times when 

 the weather is mild, and only covered in bad weather. 

 The plants will come up very early in the fpring, and 

 muft then be expofed to the open air conftantly when 

 the weather wiil permit, otherwife they will draw up 

 very weak. As thefe plants do not bear tranfplant- 

 ing well, they fhould be thinned, and not more than 

 four or five left in each pot -, and as the plants have 

 no great beauty, a few of them will be llifficient to 

 continue the fort, where a variety of plants are pre- 

 ferved. The other culture is only to keep them clean 

 from weeds, and in very dry weather to water them. 

 There is another fpecics of this genus according to 

 moft of the botanifts, which is now feparated from it, 

 and placed fingly, under the title of ^Ethufa. This 

 was titled, Cicuta minor petrofelino fimilis, by Caf- 

 par Bauhin, i. e. Smaller Hemlock with the afpcarance 

 of Parjley. This is a weed which frequently is found 

 in gardens, efpecially in rich ground, and is gene* 

 rally fuppofed to be very poilbnous : fome perfons 

 who have ignofantly gathered this herb, and ufed it 

 for Parfley, having been poifoned by it. Therefore 



N 



It was formerly called Fools Parfley. This may be 

 . diftinguiihed from ParQey, by the narrownefs of the 

 fmall leaves, which are alio more pointed, and of a 

 darker green. But thofe v/ho are afraid of being de- 

 ceived in this, fliould always ufe the curled Pariley, 

 v/hich is lb different from' this, that it cannot be 

 miftaken for it. 



C O N N A R U S. Zeylon Sumach, 

 The Characters are, 

 It hath a woolly ere£l e?n^(ilement of one lepf^ cut into fiv6 

 fegments^ which is perinanent^ and five fpear-fljaped cre^l 

 petals which are equal -^ it has ten awl-fljaped Jlamina^ 

 which are joined at their bafe^ and arc alternately lon% 

 and fhort^ terminated by roimdifj fumniits^ and a round 

 germen fupporting a cylindrical fly le^ crcwned by an ob~ 

 tufe fligma \ the empalenicnt cfterward bcccmes an oblong 

 gibbous cap fide opening with two valves^ having one cell, 

 inclofing one large oval feed. 



This genus ot plants is ranged in the fecond order of 

 Linna::us's fixteenth clafs, intitled Monodclphia De- 

 candria, the flower having ten ftatnina, which are 

 joined in on^ houfe. 



We know but one Species of this genus, viz. 



CoNNARus {Monocarpos). Flor. Zeyl. 248. One feected 

 Connarus. Rhus Zeylanicus trifoliatus, phafeoli facie, 

 floribus copiolis fpicatis. Burn. Zeyl. 199. tab. ^g. 

 This plant grov/s naturally in India; it rifes with a 

 ligneous ftalk eight or ten itt^t high, which is hard, 

 rigid, and covered with a black bark, and divides 

 upward into two or three branches, garniflied with 

 trifoliate leaves, having long foot-ftalks placed al- 

 ternate ; the lobes are oval, fmooth, and entire, each 

 having a ftiort petiolus faftened to the foot-ftalk ; 

 thefe remain green the whole year ; the flowers are 

 produced in large panicles at the extremity of the 

 branches, they are fmall, hairy, and of a greenifti 

 yellow colour, but are rarely fucceeded by feeds in 

 Europe. 



This plant is ufually propagated in the gardens by 

 laying down the young branches, which, if tongued, 

 (in the manner pradifed for Carnations) and duly* 

 watered, will put out roots in twelve months, when 

 they may be cut off from the old plants, and each 

 planted in a feparate fmall pot, filled with frefh light 

 earth, plunging them into a moderate hot-bed, to 

 forward their taking new root, ohferving to fhade 

 them from the fun every day, and to water them as 

 they may require it: after this the plants ftiould be 

 'treated in the fame way as other exotic plants which 

 are not too tender, placing them in a dry ftove in 

 winter, and for about three months in the fummer 

 they may be removed into the open air, in a warm- 

 flieltered fituation. 



The cuttings of this plant will fometimes take root, 

 if they are planted in pots, plunged into a moderate 

 hot-bed of tanners bark, and clofely covered with 

 hand-glaftes, or fmall bell-glafles; but unlefs they are 

 carefully managed they feldom fucceed. 

 If frefti feeds can be procured from abroad, they 

 ftiould be fown in fmall pots, plunged into a mo- 

 derate hot-bed, and when the plants are fit to remove 





they fliould be feparated, planting each into a feparate 

 pot, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed, treating 

 them in the manner as the layers. 



CONOCARPODENDRON. Sec Protea. 



CONOCARPUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 236. Rudbeckia. 

 Houft. Nov. Gen. 21. Button-tree, vulgo. 



The Characters are, 

 The flowers are cclkacd in a ghhdar head^ eachfianding 

 in a fcaly empalcment. At the bottom is fituated a large 

 compreffed germen^ crowned by the empdement of the 

 flower, which is fmall, JJyarp-pointed, and divided into 

 five parts at the top. T^he flower hath five petals •, // 

 hath five, cr fometimes ten flender (lamina, which extend 

 beyond the petals, terminated by globular fummits. The 

 germen is lar^e, conprefcd, and cbtufe, fnpporting aftngk 

 flyle which is longer than the ftamina, and is crowned by 

 an obtufe ftigma. The germen afterward becomes afingk 

 ^feed, inclofedin the fc ale of the fruity which is foaped like 



the cone of Aider. 



4 



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Thb 



