O T 



ftiff, and the heads ftand ereft for the winds to dif- furface of the leaves are hollow in the middle, where 





' \ . t 





perle the feeds. 

 COTYLEDON. Lin. Gen. Plant. 512. Tourn. 



Inft. R. H. 90. tab. 19. [K^7oA'Ji;;^, Cr. of KoT^Ar, Gr. 

 a cavity i becaufe the leaves of this are hoUov/ed like 

 the navel, or becaufe it refembles a vefiel wherewith 

 the ancients ufed to draw water.] Navelwort. 



The Characters are, 



^heflo-iver hath a [mail empalemcnt of one leaf divided 



into five parts at the top. It hath one fimnel-Jloaped pe- 



taU cut into five parts at the hrhn^ which turn backward. 



It hath five germina^ which have each a fquamous concave 



neElarium at their hafe^ and each fuftains a ftyle^ crowned 



■ h ^ fi^sJ^ fiigma \ thefe are attended by ten ereEt ftami- 



va^ which are terminated by ereEl fumrnits^ having four 



furrows, "The germen afterward become fo many oblong 



fwelling capfules^ opening longitudinally^ with one valve^ 



filled with fmall feeds. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth feftion of 

 Linnasus's tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Pentagynia, 

 the flower having ten ilamina and five ftyles. ^ 



The Species are, 



1. QonYhZJiO^iflmbilictis) foliis cuculato-peltatis, ferr^to- 

 dentatis, akernis, caule ramofo, floribus eredtis. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 429. Navelwori with hooded leaves fijarply in- 

 dented^ growing alternate^ and a branching fialk with 

 e)'e£l flowers. Cotyledon major. Greater Navelwort, 

 Umbilicus Veneris. Cluf H. 



2. Cotyledon {Spinofo) foliis oblongis Ipinofo-mucro- 

 natis, caule fpicato. Lin. Sp. Plant. 429. Navelwort 

 with oblong pointed leaves^ ending with a fpine^ and a 



fpiked fialk. 



3. Cotyledon (5^rr^/^2) foliis ovalibus, crenatis, caule 

 fpicato.. Lin. Sp. Plant. 429. Navelwort with oval ere- 

 nated leaves and a fpiked fialk. Cotyledon Cretica, fo- 

 lio oblongo,fimbriato. Hort. Ekh. 113. tab. 95. Na- 

 ^jehvort of Crete^ with an oblong fringed leaf 



4. Cotyledon {Ilemifpherica) foliis femiglobofis. Hort. 

 Cliff. 176. Navelwort with femiglobiilar leaves. Coty- 

 ledon Capenfis, folio femiglobato. Hort. Elth. 112. 



tab. 94. 

 '5. Cotyledon {Orhtculata) foliis fubrotundis, planisin- 



tegerrimis. Hort* Cliff. 276. Navelwort with roundifh^ 

 : plain^ entire leaves, Sedum'Africanumfrutefcens, in- 

 canum, orbiculatis foliis. H. L. 349. 



6. Cotyledon {Ramofifiimo) caule ramofifllmo, foliis 

 rotundis, planis, marginibus purpureis. Navehvort 

 with a very branching fi alky and roundy plain^ hairy 

 leaves^ with purple edges. , 



7. Cotyledon {Arborefcens) caule ramofo, fucculento, 

 foliis obverse ovatis, emarginatis, marginibus purpu- 

 reis. Navelwort with a branching fucculent fialky andob- 

 verfe oval leaves^ which are indented at the top^and have 



, purple borders. Cotyledon major, arborefcens Afra, 



.. foliis orbiculatisa^. glaucus, limbo purpureo, & ma- 



. culis viridibus ornatis. Boerh. Ind. alt. i. p. 287. 



8. Cotyledon (Ow/^) caule ramofo, fucculento, fo- 

 • liis ovatis, planis, acuminatis oppofitis femiamplexi- 

 , caulibus. Navelwort with a fucculent branching fialk^ 

 J and oval^ plain., pointed leaves growing oppofite^ which half 

 •: embrace the ftalk. 



9. Cotyledon {Spuria) foliis akernis fpatulatis carnofis 



V-. integerrimis. Lin. Sp. 614. Navelwort with fpatule- 



\. Jhaped leaves. Cotyledon Africana, frutefcens, folio 



- Jongo & angufto, flore flavefcente. Com, ,Rar. Plant. 

 . ';23. tab. 23. '. .: : . .: . : ,"! .. , .^.j, 



.10. Cotyledon (Laciniata) foliis laciniatis, floribus qua- 

 ., drifidis. Hort. Cliff. 175. Navelwort with cut leaves^ 

 : and four-pointed fiowers. Cotyledon Afra, folio crafTo 

 V lato laciniatp, flofculo aureo. Boerh. Ind. alt. 288. 

 ■ .The firfl fort, which is that ufed in medicine, grows 

 , . upon old walls and buildings in divers parts of Eng- 

 land, particularly in Shropfhire and Somerfetfliire-, in 

 both which counties it greatly abounds upon old 

 buildings, and on rocky places, but is not often 

 found wild near London, nor often cultivated in gar- 

 . dens. This hath many ^ound fucculent leaves, whofe 

 foot-fl;^lks are placed almoft in the center, fo as to 

 ■ r^f^^ble a target., They are alternately fawed on 

 ^ their edges, which frequently turn inward ^ the upper 



the foot-ftalks are joined on the lower lide, fo as to 

 rcfemblc a navel, from whence the plant was titled 

 Navelwort. From between the leaves arife tlie foot- 

 ftalks of the flowers, whicli in fome places grow near 

 three feet high, and in others not more thantix inches, 

 their lower part being garniihed wirh leaves, and 

 their upper part with flowers, which {land clofe to 

 the fide of the branches, and grov/ ered -, thev are 

 of a whitifli yellow colour, and appear in June. It 

 requires a dry rubbifliy foil, and to have a fliady po- 

 fition. This is a biennial plant, fo that after it has 

 perfected feed, the plant decays ; but if the feeds 

 are fcattered on walls and old buildings as foon as 

 it is ripe, or if the feeds are permitted to fall upon 

 fuch places, the plants will come up, and thrive mucli 

 better than when they are fown in the ground-, and 

 when once the plants are efl:ablifl:ied upon an old wall 

 or building, they will few their feeds', and maintain 

 their place better than when cultivated with more care. 

 The lecond fort grows naturally in Siberia, froni 

 whence it Avas brought to the imperial garden atPe- 

 terfburgh. This was fent nie by Dr. Amman, the 

 late profelTor of botany in that garden. It is a low 

 plant, in fliape like the Houfleek, but the leaves are 

 longer, and terminate in foft fpines. The fiower- 

 flralks rife about four inches high, and fupport four 

 or five whitifh flowers, which are cut at the brim into 

 five parts. Thefe appear in April, and are fome- 

 times fucceeded by feeds in England. This fort re- 

 quires* a very ll^iady fituation, for if it is expofed to 

 the fun in fummer, the plants will foon decay. • It is 

 propagated by offsets like the P 

 a pretty flrong foil. ■ 



The third fort grows natu'rally in the Levant. This 

 hath a fibrous root, from which is produced a fingk 

 upright fucculent flralk, garniflied with oblong, thick, 

 fucculent leaves, placed alternate, which are fawed on 

 their edges. The upper part of the fialk is garnifli- 

 ed with purplifli flowers, growing in a loofe fpike, 

 two or three being joined on the fame foot-ltalk, 

 which is very fliort. The flov 

 and the feeds rioen in autumn. 



requ 



1 he flowers appear in June, 

 autumn. It is a biennial plant, 

 which decays foon after the feeds are ripe. If this 

 fort is fown upon a wall, it will thrive better than 

 in the ground, and be Ids liable to fuff^r by froft ^ 

 fo that where the feeds fcatter thcmfelves in fuch 

 fituations, the plants thrive better than when they 

 are cultivated. 



-The fourth fort grows naturally at the Cape of Good 

 Hope. This hath' a thick fucculent fialk,' which 

 rarely rifes above a fpan high, dividing into many 



, branches, garnifhed.with fhorr, thick, fucculent leaves, 



. which are very convex on their under fide, but plain 

 on their upper, not more than half an inch long, and 



> a quarter broad, of a grayifh colour fpotted over with 

 fmall green fpots, and fit clofe to the branches : the 

 foot-flalks of the flower rife from the top of the 

 branches, and are fix inches long, naked, and fupport 

 five or fix flowers, which come out alternate from 

 the fide, fitting very clofe to the flalks ; they are tu- 

 bular, and cut into five parts at the top ; thefe are 

 greenifli, with purple tips. It flowers in June and 

 July, but never produces feeds in England. 

 The fifth fort grows naturally upon dry gravelly fpots 

 at the Cape of Good Hope. It hath a thick fucculent 



■ fialk, which by age i3ecomes ligneous, and riles three 

 or four feet high, fending out crooked branches, which 

 grow irregular, garniflied with thick, flefliy, fucculent 

 leaves about two inches long, and near as wide toward 

 the top ; they are narrow at their bale, and rounded 

 at the top, of a fea- green colour, with a purple edge, 

 which is frequently irregularly indented. The flow- 

 ers grow upon thick fucculent foot-ft:alkSj which 

 arife fi-om the end of the branches, and are near a 

 foot long, naked, and fupporting eight or ten flowers, 

 growincr in an irregular umbel at the top -, thefe are 

 of a pale yelW colour, having long tubes, which 

 liang downward, cut into five parts at the brim, which 

 turn backward, the flamlna and fl:ylc being longer 



" ' ■ . than 



