C R A 



branches on CVC17 fide, fo as to fonn a kind of pyra- 1 

 niid, the lower branches being extended to a great 

 len^nh, and the other diminifhing gradually to the 

 top ; thefe are of a red or a purplifli colour, and very 

 fucculent', they are garnilhed with roundifh luccu- 

 lent leaves very like thofe of Purilane, from whence 

 the gardeners have titled it the Purdane-tree. 

 This fort hath not flowered in England, though it has 

 been many years in the garden?;, fo that we are not 

 fure if it is properly ranged in this genus ; but from 

 the outward appearance it fcems to be nearly allied to 

 fome of the other fpecies, on which account Dr. Dil- 



lenius has placed it here. 



It is propagated with great facility by cuttings, which 

 may be planted during any of the fummer months ^ 

 but thefe Ihould be laid to dry for fome days before 

 they are planted, that the wounded part may be heal- 

 ed over, othcrwife they will rot. This fort is fome- 

 what tenderer than the four forts laft mentioned, fo 

 muft be placed in a warm glafs-cafe in winter, where 

 it may enjoy the full fun, and fhould have very little 



In fummer the plants 



Ihould be placed abroad in a flieltered fituation, and 

 in warm weather will require to be refrefhed with wa- 

 ter twice a week; but as the ftalks are very fucculent, 

 too much wet at any feafon is very hurtful to thefe 

 plants, 



AH the hardy forts of Crafllila may be treated in the 

 fame way as the Ficpides, and other hardier kinds of 

 fucculent plants, with this difference only, not to give 

 them fo much water ; but the firft, fecond, and ele- 

 venth forts require to be placed in a warm dry glafs- 

 cafe in winter, and muft not be fo long expofed abroad 

 in the fummer as the other fpecies, nor fhould have 



water during that feafon. 



*?» 



C R A 



fubtus tomentofi-'i. liort. Cliff. 1S7. IViidSci'vice 'wi^h 

 oval leaves tinequally fa^veJ, and ^ii^ccUy on their under 

 fide. Cracxgus folio fubrotundo, ferrato, fubtus in- 

 cano. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 6;>3. Aria Theophralli, and 

 in fome countries, 'The White Beam^ or ivhiie Leaf-tree 



2. Crat.^:gus (^ronninaUs) fuliis cordatis fcptanguli-; 

 lobis infimis divaricatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 476. IViid 

 Service ivith heart-Jljtiped leaves^ having feven angles 

 whofe lower lobes fprca.d ajunder. Crataegus folio laci- 

 niato. Tourn. Inlt. 633. IVild^ or Maple-leaved Service. 



3. Crat/egus {Alpina) foliis oblongo-ovatis ferracis 

 utrinque virentibus. JVild Service with oblongs oval 

 fawed leaves^ which are green on both ftdes. Crat^- 

 gus folio oblongo, ferrato, utrinque virenti. Tourn. 

 Inft. 6^^. 



4. Crataegus {Coccinea) foliis ovatis repando-angulatis 

 ferratis glabris. Hort. Cliff. 187. Crat^gus with oval 

 fmooth^ fawed leaves^ having angles. Mefpilus ipinofa, Ic. 

 oxyacantha Virginiana maxima. Tourn. Inft. 632. 

 Commonly called Cockfpur Hawthorn. 



5. CRATi^iGus {Crus Galli) foliis lanceolato ovatis ferra- 

 tis glabris, ramis fpinofis. Lin. Sp. 682. Crat^gus 

 with oval^ fpeaj'-fljaped^ fawed leaves^ and prickly branches, 



' Mefpilus aculcata pyrifolia denticulato iplendcns, 

 fru6lu infigni rutilo, Virginienfis. Pluk. Aim. 249. 

 Common^^' called Virginian U Aznrcle, 



6. Crat/kgus [Lncida) foliis lanceolatis ferratis luci- 

 dus, fpinis longiffimis, floribus corymbofis. Crat^gtts 

 with liicid^ fpear-flmped^ fawed leaves^ very long fpiytesy 

 and f Givers in a corymlnis. Mefpilus prunifolius, fpi- 

 nis longiffimis fortibus, fru6lu rubro magno, Flor. 

 Virg. SS^ 



7". CraT/^gus {Azarolus) foliis obtuns fubtrifidis denta- 

 ^-^'* tis. Lin. Sp. 683. Crat^gus with obtufe^ trifid^ indented 

 I' ; leaves.. Mefpilus Apii folio laciniato. C. B. P. 453. 

 Commbnly"calleI^ U Azarole, '",'■; 



8. CRATi^Gus {Oxyacantha) foliis obtufis fubtrifidis fcr- 

 X" ratis. Hort. Cliff. 188; Crataegus with obtufe^ trifidy 



fawed leaves. Mefpilus Apii folio, fylveftris fpinofa, fc, 

 oxycantha. C. B. P. 454. ^The'commonTVhite Thorn. 



9. Cratv^gus ifTomentofa) foliis cuneiformi-ovatis ferra- 

 tis fubangulatis fubtus villofis ramis fpinofis. Lin. Sp. 

 682. Crat^gus with ovak wedge-fhaped^ fawed., angu- 

 lar leai^es^ hoary on their under fide ^ and prickly brandies, 

 Mefpilus Virginiana groffularise foliis. Pluk. Phyt. 

 100. f. I. 



much water, efpecially in the winter. 

 Thefe plants are .preierved in moft curious gardens 

 for the fake of variety, which confifts more in the out- 

 ward appearance of their plants, than in ^ the beauty 

 of their flowers, except tne firfl: {brt, whofe flowers 

 are of a beautifeil fcarlet,' and grow in clofe bunches at 

 the end of the branches ; fo that when feveral of the 

 branches are garnilhed with flowers at the fame time, 

 •they make a fine appeafance, and thefe flowers con- 

 tinue in beauty a long time ; but the flowers of the 

 other forts are fmall, and moft of them are of an her- 

 baceous colour, fo make no figure. 

 Dr. Dillenius, who firft eftabliftied this genus, and fe- I The firft fort grows naturally on the chalky hills in 



parated the fpecies from Cotyledon, to which many 

 . of them had been joined by former botanifts, made 

 their difference to confift in the fhape of the flower; 

 fo that all the forts with long tubulous flowers of one 

 leaf, he placed under the genus of Cotyledon, and 

 thofe whofe flowers have five petals, he placed under 

 this genus of Craffula : but Dr. Linnaeus makes their 

 difference to confift in the number of their ftamina, 

 fo that all thofe whofe flowers have but five ftamina, 

 he ranges under the title of Craffula, and thofe which 

 have ten ftamina, he puts under that of Cotyledon ; 

 fothat by his fyftem they are removed to a great dif- 

 tance from each other,|and the firft fort here mention- 

 ed is brought from Cotyledon, with whofe characters 

 in eveiy other refpeft it agrees, and is placed here. 

 CRATAEGUS. Tourn. Inft. R. H. (^n. Lin. Gen. 

 Plant. 547. The Wild Service. 

 The Characters are, 



ne flower hath a permanent empalement of one leaf., 

 cut into five concave fegments^ which fpread open. It hath 

 five roundifh concave petals^ which are inferted into the 

 empalement^ and many ftamina^ terminated by roundifh 

 - fum?nits^ which are alfo inferted in the empalement, The 



■ germen is fituated under the flower^ fupporting two fiender 

 ftyles., crowned with roundifh ftigmas. The germen after- 

 ward becomes an oval or roundiflo umbilicated berry ^ in- 



■ ^W^^Z ^^^^ oblong hard feeds, 



■ This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond leftion 



of Linnceus^s twelfth clafs, intltled Icofandria Dio-y- 



nia, the flower having twenty or more ftamina, which 



. are inferted to the empalement, and two ftyles. 

 The Species are, 



I. CR.vr.i^Gus {Aria) foliis ovatis inasqualiter ferratis. 



Kent, Surry, and Suffex, and in fome other parts of 

 England, and rifes t5 the height of thirty or forty 

 feet, with a large trunk, dividing upward into many 

 branches ; the young flioots have a brown bark, co- 

 vered over with a meally down, garniflied with oval 

 leaves between two and three inches Ions, and one 

 and a half broad in the middle, of a light green on 

 their upper fide, but very white on their under, hav- 

 ing many prominent tranfverfe veins, running from 

 the midrib to the border, where they are unequally 

 fawed, fome of the indentures being much deeper^ 

 and the fegments broader than others. The flowers 

 are produced at the ends of the branches in bunches, 

 their foot-ftalks being meally, as are alfo the empale- 

 mentsof the flowers, which are cut into five obtufe 

 fegments, and are reflexed. The flowers have five 

 fliort petals, which fpread open like thofe oi the 

 Pear-tree, having a great number of ftamina of the 

 fame length with the petals, terminated by oval funi- 

 mits. The germen, which is fituated below the flow- 

 ers, afterwards becomes an oval fruit, crowned with 

 the empalement of the flower, having one ceil, in 

 which is inclofed three of four feeds. It flowers in 

 May, and the fruit ripens in autumn. 

 This tree may be propagated by feeds^ which fhouli 

 be fown foon after they are ripe ; for if they are kept 

 out of the ground till fpring, they remain at leaft 

 one )«car in the ground before the plants appear ; io 

 that the fruit fliould be buried in the ground, as is 

 pradtifed with the common Haws, Holly-berries, and 

 thofe other hard feeds which do not come up the fame 

 year-, and when the plants come up, they may be 

 treated in the fame manner as the Haws, but they 



fhould 



) 



i 



