C R A 



ftiapc like thofe of the common Hawthorn, but are 

 much larger i as is alfo the fruit, which when fully 

 ripe has an agreeable acid tafte, for which "it is 

 eAccmcd by the inhabitants of the countries where it 

 grows naturally. 



The eighth fort is the common Hawthorn, which is 

 generally planted for fences in moll parts of England, 

 therefore being univerfally known to the inhabitants, 

 it requires no dtfcription : there are two or three va- 

 rieties of this fort, which differ in the fize of their 

 leaves and the ftrength of their Ihoots ; however, 

 thofe with the fmalleft leaves are generally preferred 

 for hedges, as their branches always grow clofer to- 

 gether ^ the method of raifing the plants, and planting 

 them for hedges, being fully treated of under the 

 article of Hedges, I need not repeat here'. 

 The ninth fort grows njiturally in North America, 

 this has a flen'der fhrubby ftalk, rifmg about fix or 

 feven feet high, fending cut many irregular branches, 

 arnied with long ilender thorns, and garniflied with 

 fliort, oval, wedge-fliaped leaves, which are fawed 

 on their edges, and are woolly on their under fide-, 

 the flowers are fmall, proceeding from the fide of the 

 branches, {landing fomietimes fingle, and at other 

 tiines two or three upon the fame foot-ftalk, having 

 large leafy empalements, and are fucceeded by fmall 



■ roundifli fruit, with a large leafy umbilicus, which 

 was before the empalement of the flower : the flowers 



• appear the beginning of June, and the fruit ripens 



very late in the autumn. 



This fort may be propagated in the fame manner as 

 ' the firft, but requif-es a ftrong deep foil, otherwife it 

 will not thrive. It is very hardy in refJDect to cold, 

 but atprcfent is very rare in England. ' ■"''': -^^^ 

 All the forts of Haws may be propagated by feeds, 



■ which fliould be fown in autumn, in the fame manner 

 as hath been direfted for the firft fort; but as thefe 

 feeds are frequently brought from America, and do 

 not arrive here till fpring, the fruit may be buried 

 in the ground till the autumn following,' when they 

 may be taken up and fown in drills, being careful 

 to cover tKem fo as to prevent birds Trom defl:roying 



"them. -In" the fpring following the plants will com 

 lip, which fhould be moderately watered two or three 



a week, if the fpring fhould prove dry ; during 

 the fammer, they mufl be kept clean from weeds, 



, which if fufFered to grow, will foon overbear the 

 plants and deftroy them. The following fpring the 

 plants fhould be planted out before they begin to 

 Ihoot, into a nurfery-bed, where they may grow two 

 years to get ftrength, when they may be tranfplanted 

 where they are to remain. If thefe plants are planted 

 in a moift light foil, their roots v/ill extend to a con- 

 fiderable diftance, and put up many fhoots, which 

 may be taken off in the fpring, and thereby may be 

 increafed ; this will alfo take if grafted on the Pear, 

 and if the young branches are laid down, they will 

 take root, fo the plants may be propagated either 

 wav. 



' The other forts of Hawthorn are generally planted 

 among flowering fhrubs of the fame growth, where 

 tliey add to the variety. 

 CR ATEVA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 528. Tapia. Plum. 

 Nov. Gen. 22. tab. 21. Garlic Pear. 



The Characters are, 

 ^he empalement of the flower is of one leaf^ cut at the top 

 into fcur oval fegments^ which fpread open. Theflc-j^er 

 hath four oval petals^ zvhich are narrow at their hafe^ 

 and broad at the tcp. It hath many hrifdy ftamina^ which 

 are longer than the petals^ terminated by oblong e-^c5l fmn- 

 wits. It hath a loftg incurved fiylc^ upon which fits the 

 aval germen^ crowned by the ftigma, fitting clofe on the 

 top, ' fThe germen afterward becomes a large flefiy ^lobu- 

 lar fruit with one cell, i:uludi?ig many kidney -fhaped feeds. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fi^rft fedion of 

 Linnasus's eleventh clafs, inticled Dodecandria Mono- 

 gynia, the plants of this clafs and feftion have twelve 

 ftamina in their flov/ers, and one ftyle. 



The Species are, 



I. Crat^va (ftapia) inermiG foliis integerrimis, foliolis 





time:^ 



2. 



G R A 



jateralibusbafianticabrevioribus. Lin. Sp. 673. Smmh 

 Crateva, or Garlic Pear, Tapia arborea triphylla; 

 Plum. Nov. Gen. 22- 



Crateva {Marr/ialos) fpinbfa foliis ferratis. Fbr. 

 Zeyl. 212. Prickly Cr at cva. Cucurbitifera trifolia Ipi- 

 nola mcdica, fruclu pulpa Cydonii smula. Pluk, 

 Aim. 125. 



The firft fort grows naturally in both Indies. \ 

 received the fruit of this from Jamaica, where Mt 

 grows in great plenty, which were fent me by Wil- 

 liam Williams, Efq*, of St. Anne's, in that illand, 

 who has been fo kind as to furnifli me with many 

 other curious feeds v/hich have fucceeded in the Chef- 



ri , V 



fea garden. 



This tree hath a very large trunk, which rifes to the 

 height of thirty feet or upward, covered with a dark 

 green bark, fending out many branches, fo as to form 

 a large head. The branches are garnifhed with tri- 

 foliate leaves, ftanding on pretty long foot-ftalks; 

 the middle leaf, which is much larger than either of 

 the other, is oval, about five inches long, and two 

 and a half broad in the middle. The two fide leaves 

 are oblique, tliofe fides which join the middle leaf 

 being m.uch narrower than the other, and turn at both 

 ends toward the middle, fo that their midrib is not 

 parallel to the fides -, thefe two end in acute puinrs. 

 The leaves are fmiooch, of a light green on the upper 

 fide, but pale on their under ; their edges are entire, 

 Tlie flowers are produced at the ends of the branches, 

 ftanding upon long foot-ftalks ^ thefe have empale- 

 ments of one leaf, which are cut into four fcgmcnts, 

 aimoft to the bottom. The flower hath four oblong 

 'petals, which fpread open, and are re flexed, having 

 'many long flender ftamina, which are conneded at,, 

 f their bafe, butlpre^d open above, and are terminated 

 'by oblbng'purpTe'lummits; thefe ftn-round a flender 



-long ftyle, upon which is fituated the oval germen, 

 'which is crowned by an obtufe ftigma. The germen 



■ afterward becomes a 'round fruit, about the fize of 

 -■ an Orange, having a hard" brown fhell, or cover, in- 



clofing a meally pulp, filled with kidney-fhaped 

 feeds. This fruit hath a ftrong fmell of Gariic, 

 which is communicated to the animals that feed on it, 

 , This is propagated by feeds, v/hich muft be procured 

 from the countries where the trees grov/ naturally^, 

 and muft be fown on a hot-bed in the fpring ^ v^hca 



■ the plants coriie up, they muft be treated in the fame' 

 manner as hath been diredled for the Annona, to 

 which article the reader is dcfired to turn for the 

 culture. . 



The fecond fort grows naturally in India, where it 

 grows to a great height, with a large trunk, finding 

 out many long branches, garnifhed with trifoliate 

 leaves, which are oblong, entire, and end in acute 

 points •, between thefe the branches are armed with 

 long fliarp thorns, which come out by pairs, and 

 Ipread afunder. The flowers are produced in faiall 

 clufters from the fide of the branches, five or fcvca 

 ftanding upon a common branching foot-ftalk ; thefe 

 have each five acute petals, which are reflexed, and 

 many ftamina which ftand round a fingle ftyle of the 

 fame length; the petals are green on the outfide, 

 whitifh within, and have a grateful odour. After 

 the flower is paft, the germen fwells to a large fruit 

 the fize of an Orange, having a hard fhell, which. 

 inclofes a flefiiy vifcous pulp, of a yellowifli colour, 

 having many oblong plain feeds fituated within, it; 

 the pulp of this fruit hath an agreeable flavour when 

 ripe, fo is frequently eaten in India, where theyfcrve 

 up the fruit, mixed with Sugar and Orange, in theic 

 deferts, and is efteemcd a great delicacy. 

 This fort is propagated by feeds, which muft be pro- 

 cured from the places wliere it grows naturally •, theft 

 muft be fown upon a good hot-bed in the fpring, 

 and when the plants arc fit to remove, they Ihould- 

 be each tranfplanted into a fmall pot filled with light 

 kitchen-garden earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of 

 tanners bark, fiiading them every day from the Iti". 



■ until they have taken frefli root, after which th--:"/ 



may be treated in the fame manner as the Annons* 



but 



■ - 



1 





