D 



room; and in about four or five years time they v.ill 

 be<nn*to flower, when you flioukl let each root Ikuc 

 a kparate pot, v.hich at firll may be I'nrilU but whvn 

 ihc roots are grown large, they muft be put into 



larger pots. 



Thcfc i'orts have been planted under w^arm walh in 

 tlie full ground, where, in mild winters they have 

 done very well, but in fevere frofl: all thofe roots have 

 been dcltroyed ; therefore, whenever thcfe roots are 



'planted in an open border, there fhould be common 

 hot-bed frames placed over them in winter, that in 

 bad weather they may be covered to protect them 

 from frofl : and where they are thus managed, tlie 

 plants will produce more flowers, which will be much 

 fairer than what are produced from the roots in the 

 pots, and from thefe there may always be good feeds 

 cxpefted : therefore fuch perfons who are curious in 

 flowers, fhould have a border framed over on pur- 

 pofe for thefe, the Guernfey and Belladonna Li- 

 lies, with fome other of the curious bulbous-rooted 



'flowers ; in which border there may be many of thcfe 

 curious flowers cultivated, to more advantage than 

 in any other method now praftifed. 

 CYDONIA. Tourn. Infl:. R. 11. 632. tab. 405. 

 Pyrus. L in. Gen. Plant. 550. [fb called fromCydon, a 

 town of Crete, famous for thisfruit.] The Quince-tree. 



C 



IN 



The Characters are. 



- -• 



Tbe flower is coinpofcd of five hrge^ rgtimijh^ concave 

 petals^ which are infertcd in the permanent empalement of 

 me leaf The germen is fitiiated under the flower^ and 

 fupportsfiveflenderflyles^ croivned by Jingle fligmas \ thefe 



which 



are attended by near twenty fiamina^ wmcf^ are in- 

 ferted in the empalement^ but are not fa long as the 

 petals \ the germen afterward becomes a pyramidal 

 cr roundijh fruity which is flefljy^ and divided into five 

 cells ^ in which are lodged feverad hard kernels or feeds. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the eighth feftion 

 of Tournefort's twenty-firfl: clafs, which includes the 

 trees and flirubs with a Rofe flower, whofe empale- 

 ment becomes a fruit pregnant with hard feeds. Dr. 

 Linna:^us has joined this genus, and alfo the Apple 

 to the Pear, making them only fpecies of the fame 

 genus 

 charafters, 



to which the Quince is nearly allied by its 

 which the 



Apple 



IS not. . However, 



though the joining of the Quince to the Pear may be 

 allowed in a fyfl:em of botany, yet in a book of gar- 

 dening, it may not be quite fo proper, therefore I 



have chofcp to continue them under their former well 

 known titles, -^v - ' • 



'The Species are, 



1. CvDONiA (Oblonga) foliis oblongo-ovatis fubtus to- 

 mentofis, pomis oblongis bafi produdtis.. ^ince-tree 

 with oblong oval leaves^ woolly on their under fide ^ and 

 anohlong fruit 'tefigthened at the bafe. Cydo^iia fru£tu 

 oblongo lasviori, Tourn. Inft. R. H. 632. ' ' 



2. CvDONiA (M7/ir^r»;^z) foliis ovatis, fubtus tomento- 

 . fis", pomis rotundioribus. ^mce^ree^whh fival leaves^ 



woolly on their under fide^ and a^ rounder fruit, fyQ^diO- 

 niafrudlu breviore & rotufiHiore. TournVlnl|:. R. H. 

 • 633. Commonly called the Apple ^ince1¥ \^wt':}f:^. 



3. CvDONiA {LufJanica) foliis obvcrse-bvat*s fubtus to- 

 mentofis. ^ince-tree with chvcrfe oval leaves^ woolly 

 en their under fide, CydonialatifoliaLufitanica*. Tourn. 

 Infl;. 633. Broad-leaved Portugal ^lince. 



) 



'fc-f -fr' 



There are fome other varieties of this fruit which a're 

 ■'propagated in fruit-gardens, and in the nurferies for 

 lale, one of which is a foft eatable fruit j there is 

 another with a very afl:ringent fruit, and a third with 

 a very fmall fruit, cottony all over, and is fcarce worth 

 keeping : thefe I fuppofe to be feminal variations, but 

 the three forts before enumerated, I take to be diflinft 

 fpecies, having propagated them by feeds, and have 

 ■ not found them to vary. 



The Portugal Quince is the mod valuable, the pulp 

 of it turning to a fine purple w\hen ftewed or baked, 

 and becomes much fofter and lefs auft:ere than the 

 others, fo is much better for making of marmalade. 

 1 ney are alleafily propagated either by layers, fuck- 

 ers, or cuttings, which mufl: be planted "in a moifl; 

 loiU Thofe raifed from fuckers arc feldom fo well 



uvT, trees. 



n.oicd J' :hou: which are obtained ivoin cutting's or 



layers, and vsc iuby:d tu prOvUice UickL-r> I'i^.un \n 

 greater plenty, which is not lo proper Km- iVu^i be^r- 



"'1k' cuttings fliould be planted e.ulv in 

 the autumn, and in very dry weather niuil be oVte.n 

 watered to encourage their nx)tinn:. Tiiefecoiid year 

 after they flimild be remo\'ed into a n.urierv at tiuve 

 feet uillance rov/ from. row% and one foot aVunder in 

 tlie rows, where they inud be managed as was di- 

 rected for Apples. In two or three years time thele 

 trees will be fit to tranfplant, where thev arc to re- 

 main for good, which fliould be either by the fid 

 ot a ditch, river, or in fome other moill place, where 

 they will produce a greater plenty, and much larger 



e 



fruit than in a dry ibiU though thofe in a dry foil 

 Will be better tailed, and earlier ripe. Thefe trees 

 require very little pruning; the chief thing to be ob- 

 ferved is, to keep t!u-ir (lems clear from fuckers, and 

 cut off fuch branches as crols each other *, likewife 

 all uorifxht luxuriant fl^ioots from the middle of the 





tree [hould be taken entirely out, that the head may 

 not be too much crowded with wood, which is of ill 

 confequencc to all forts of fruit-trees. Thefe forts 

 may alfo be propagated by budding or grafting upon 

 flocks raifed by cuttings, fo that the bc-i: forts may 

 be cultivated in greater plenty this way, than by any 

 other method i and thefe trees will bear fruit much 



, fooner, and be more fruitful than thofe which come 



, from fuckers or layers. 

 Thefe are alfo in great efteem for llocks to graft and 

 bud Pears on, which for fummer and autumn fruits 

 are a great improvement to them, efpecially thofe de- 

 figned for walls and ei'paliers ; for the trees upon 

 thefe (locks do not flioot fo vigoroufty as thofe upon 

 free (locks, and therefore may be kept in lefs com- 

 pafs, and are fooner difpofed to bear fruit : but hard 

 winter fruits do not fucceed fo well upon thefe (locks, 

 their fruit being very fuhjecl to crack, and are con:- 

 monly flony, efpecially all the breaknig Pears ; tl^.erc- 

 fore thefe (locks are only proper for the m.ek;n.;.r Pears, 

 and for a moid foil. The befl ftocks are th.oie v/hich 

 are raifed from cuttings or layers. 

 As the Pear will take upon the Quince by grafdng 

 or budding, and fo vice vcrfa, \vc may conclude there 

 IS a near aliiance between them •, but as neitiier of 

 thefe will take upon the Apple, nor that upon either 

 of thcfe, fo we (liould feparate them under different 

 genera, as will be^ further mentioned under the article 



Malus. ■ : ■ ■ ' . ., ' -^ / - . 



CYNANCHUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 268. Apocynum. 

 Tourn. Inft. R. H. 91. Periploca. Tourn. Intl. g^, 

 tab. 22. ^ :>■ 



r>T ^ 



■ 4- ( - - 



h - 



The Characters' are. 

 The flower hath one petal \ it hath fcarce any tube^ bat is 

 ■ ' fpread open^ plainy and divided into five^parts \ this hath 

 a fmalU ere£f^ permanent empalement of one leaf divided 

 into five parts \ the neclarium^ which is Jituated in the 

 center of the flower^ is ere£f^ cylindrical^ and the length 

 of the petal, ■ It hath five fiamina which are parallel to 

 the ne&arium^ and of the fayne lengthy terminated by furn- 

 mits which reach to the mouth of tk& petal. It hath an 



oblong bifid germen^ with fcarce avy flyle^ crozvned by tz 

 ohtufe ftig7nas ; the empalement becomes a capfule wi 



wo 

 th 



two oblong pointed leaves^ having a cell which opens Ion- 

 ' giiudinally ^ and^ is filled with feeds lying over each other 

 imbricatim^ and are crowned with long down. ,- • ; 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fefiion 

 of Linnsus's fifth clafs. intitled Pentandria Digynia, 

 the fiov/er having five ftamina and two ftyles. 



The Species are, , 



I. CvN'ANCKUM {Acutum) caule volubili hcrbaceo, foliis 

 cordato-oblongis glabris. Hort. Cliff. 79. Cynanchtm 

 with a twining herbaceous flalk^ and oblongs fmcotb, 

 heart-flmped leaves. Periploca Monfpeliaca folds acu- 

 tioribus. Tourn. Inft. <)l' Commonly called Montpelicr 



bcammcny 



-* ' 



' B 



2 



. CvNANCHUM {MonfpeJiacum) caule volub'di herbaceo, 

 foliis reniformi-cordatis acuns. Hort. Cliff, yg, Cy- 

 nanchum with a twining herbaceous fialk^ and kidney^ 

 heart'fljaped, pointed leaves. Periploca Monfpeliaca 



foliis 



