I . 



D A 



But in order to prcfcn-c vour Carrots for ufc all the 

 winter and ipring, you fliould, about the beginning 

 of November, v. hen the green leaves are decayed, 

 dig them up, and lay them in fand in a dry place, 

 v.'here the froft cannot come to them, taking them 

 out from time to time as you haveoccafion tor them., 

 refervint' ibnie of the longclt and flraitcll roots for 

 kcdj if^vGU intend to five any i which roots fliould 

 be planted in the middle of February, in a light foil, 

 about a foot afunder each wayj obferving to keep the 

 ground clear from weeds •, and abouf the middle ot 

 Augud:, v/hen you find the feeds are ripe, you muft cut 

 it ofl^, and carry it to a dry place, v/hcre it fliould be 

 expofed to the fun and air for fevcral days to dry ; 

 then you may beat out the feeds, and put it up in 

 bags, keeping it in a dry place until you ufe it. 

 This feed is ieldom cH-eemed very good after the firft 

 or fecond year at moft, but new feed is always pre- 

 ferred, nor will it grow when it is more than two 



years old. . 



The tliird fort grows naturally about Montpelier ; 



this hath fmoother ftalks than the common Carrot, the 

 fegments of the leaves are broader, and of a lucid 

 green ; the umbels of the flowers are larger, and not 

 fo regular. This is an annual plant, but it fuccceds 

 bed when fown in autumn. 



The fourth fort is of lower growth tlian either of the 

 former; the ftalks are clofely covered with fliort 

 prickles, the fegments of the leaves are broad and 

 obtufe, the umbels are fmall, and the involucrum is 

 longer than the umbel, and the leaves are trifid which 

 compofe It. 



7 he fifth fort rifes with a flcnder, rough, hairy ftalk 

 upward of two feet high ■, the leaves are fliorc, and 

 have a few fmall ones intermixed, which are thinly 

 placed, and cut into acute fegments ; the umbels are 

 not fo large as thcVe of the common fort, and the in- 

 volucrum is twice the length of the umbel ; the leaves 

 which compofe it arc divided into five or feven parts, 

 ending in acute points ; the flowers are yellow. 

 The fixth fort hath a channelled flalk rifing near 

 three fccty which is terminated by large umbels of 

 flowers, with a wing-pointed involucrum ; the feg- 

 ments of the lower leaves are cut into obtufe fegments, 

 and are of a deep green colour. 

 The feventh fort is an annual plant, which grows na- 

 turally in Spain and Italy ; this rifes with an upright, 

 . fmooth, channelled ftalk three feet iiigh, ^arniflied 



f 



with fmooth leaves, which are divided into many fine 

 narrow fegments like thofe of Fennel; the ftalks 

 branch out upward, and each branch^is terminated by 

 a large umbel, compofed of a great number of fmall 

 ones-, the involucrum is fliorterthan the umbel, and 

 each of the leaves which compofe it is trifid : the 

 foot-ftalks which fuftain the fmall umbels (or rays) 

 are long and ftiff^; thefe are by the Spaniards ufed 

 for picking their teeth, from whence the plant had 

 the title ot Vifnaga, or Pick-looth. The feeds of this 

 plant fliould be Ibwn in autumii, for thofe which are 

 fown in the fpring frequently^ fjil, or at leaft remain 

 in the ground till next year before they growj the 

 plants require no other culture but to keep them 

 clean from weeds, and thin them where they are too 

 clofe. . . . , -; 



*"»^> 





: The eighth fort grows naturally about Tangier/ This 

 rifes with an upright ftalk above two feet high,' gar- 



, niflied with double-winged leaves which are hairy ; 



: the ftalk branches upward into feveral divifions, each 

 being terminated by an umbel of w^hite flowers, which 

 arefucceeded by prickly feeds. 



If the feeds of this fort are not fown in the autumn, 

 the plants rarely perfed their feeds in this country j 

 for when they are fown in the fpring, and the plants 

 come up foon after, they generally run up to feed in 

 autumn, fo that the frofts come on before they have 

 time to ripen. 



Thefe forts are fometimes preferved in botanic gar- 

 dens for the fake of variety, but being of no ufe, are 

 not cultivated in other eardens. 



DAUCUS CRETICUS. See Athamanta. 



D A 



D^AYENIA, Monief. 



This genus of plants receives Its title frjiil Monfei^- 

 neurLe Due D'Aven, wlio is a i^irar lover and pro- 

 moter of the Icience of botany ; and h:is a nohk- 

 garden at Sr. Gcnr.ains which is well Itored wi:h rare 

 plants from many different parrs of the v/orld, and 

 has appointed Dr. Monier, member of the Royal A- 

 cademy of Sciences, the fuperimendent of it. 

 The CuARAcmis are, 



// halh art onpalouait icwpcfcd cf five fmr.U cvcl leaves 

 ivbiih ere drw 



^ _ 



are unilcd to a plain ftan-y tieLlar:u:n\ the nctlcrinui fits 

 upon a cylindrical column which is crccf^ and the lergth cf 

 the cmpalement \ it is hcU'ff:aped^ having five dcprejfed 

 Icbcs at the margin : it hath five frjort ftar.iina infcrtcd in- 

 to the lordcr cf the Jic^arium. terminated h ronndifJj 

 furnniits^ zvhich are joined to the herder of the petals. It 



'The f.oiver bath fi.vc petals ^ rvhofe points 



hath a roundifb germen in the botlc-n cf the nCLlaritan^ 

 fupporiing a cylindrical fiyle^ croivned by a five-cornered 

 ohtnfe Jligma. The capful: bath five cellsy inchfing five 

 oblong feeds f aft encd to tkc capfule. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fourth fectlon 

 of Linnxus's twentieth clafs, intitled Gynandria Pen- 

 tandria, the flov/ers having five ftamina, whicli are 

 faftened with the ftyleto the neftarium. 



We at prefent know but one Species of this genus, 

 viz. 

 D*AvENiA {PufiUa) foliis cordatis glabris. Lin. Sp. i 354, 

 D^Ayenia ivith heart-fhaped fmooth leaves. 

 The feeds of this plant were fent by the younger 

 De Juflieu from Peru to Paris, wr.crc they fucceeded, 

 and have fince been communicated to many other gar- 

 dens in Europe. I received the feeds from Dr. Mo- 

 nier, intendent of the garden of the Duke D'Ayen 

 at St. Germains, which have for fome years grown 

 in the Chelfea garden, where the plants annually 

 flower and perfed: their feeds. 



This plant hath a weak ligneous ftalk, which divides 

 into feveral flcnder branches, rifing from nine inches 

 to a foot high, garniflicd by heart-fliaped fmooth 

 leaves, which are flightly indented on their edges, 

 ftanding upon pretty long foot-ftalks ; they are of a 

 lucid green, and end in acute points, placed alter- 

 nately on the branches. At the bafe of each foot- 

 ftalk, from the fide of the branches, come out the 

 flowers, two, three, or four, arifing from, the fame 

 point, each ftanding upon a feparate flender foot- 

 ftalk •, they 'have five flender ftamina, colleded into a 

 fort of column, like the malvaceous flowers, having 

 a five-cornered germen at the bottom, which after- 

 ward becomes a roundifli five-cornered capfule, hav- 

 ing five cells, in each of thefe is lodged one kidney- 

 - ftiaped feed., The flowers are tubulous, fpreading 

 open at the top, where they are cut into five acute 

 fegments, each being terminated by a flender tail ; 

 ■ they are purple, and continue in fucceflion on the 



fame plants from July to the winter. 

 . This plant is propagated by feeds, which fhould be 

 ' fown upon a moderate hot-bed early in the ipring ; 

 and when the plants are come up, and have four 

 leaves, they fliould be tranfplanted on a frefli hot-bed 

 to bring them forward ; part of them may be planted 

 in fmall po:s, and the others may be planted on the 

 bed : thofe in the pots fliould be plunged into a hot- 

 bed of tanners bark; they muft be fhaded till they 

 have taken new root, then they muft have free air 

 admitted to thrm every day, in proportion to the 

 warmth of the feafon \ they require to be frequently 

 ^ watered in warm ^yeather, but they ftiould not have 

 it in too great plenty. The plants fliould continue 

 all t^e fu mmer in the hot- bed, where they muft have 

 . a good fhare of air > for thofe which are fully expofed 

 to the open air will not thrive, and if they are too 

 much drawn, they do not flower well. The plants 

 will live through the winter in a moderate ftovc, but 

 as they perfect their feeds well the firft year, fewper- 

 fons care to continue the old plants. There is a fi- 

 gure of this plant exhibited in the 1 1 Sth plate of our 

 figures of plants. 



D AY-L ILY. See Hemerocallis. 



4X 



DECOR- 



- H 



