I o 



r 



wnci-e fome of tht: fpecies have been long prcfervcd 

 in the gardens of the curious. There have been 

 foine other fpecies in the Enghih gardens than are 

 here enumerated, but thcfe are all thac are at prefent 



to be found here. 



The fecond fort frequently ripens its feeds in Eng- 

 land j but if the feeds are not fown foon after they are 

 ripe, they rarely grow, or they commonly lie a whole 



year in the ground. 

 DIOSPYROS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 1027. Guaiacana. 

 Tourn. Inft. R. H. 600. tab. 371. The Indian Date 



Plumb. 



The Characters are, 

 It hath hemiaphrcdite and female flowers en the fame 

 plants and male flo-zvers on feparate plants i th*e kerma- 

 phrcdite flo-wers have a large obtufe permanent empalemeni 

 of one leaf^ which is divided into four parts \ the fl^ 

 bath one petal ^chich is floaped like a pitcher^ and cut at 

 the brim into four fegments^ which fpread open j // hath 



D 



P 



t 



er 



eight fjort briftly ftamina firmly joined to the empalement^ 

 terminated by oblong fummits which have no farina. In 

 the center is fitttaud a roundifh germen,, fupporting a 

 finglc Quadrifidftyle^ crowned by an obtufe bifid fiigma ; the 

 germen afterward becomes a large globular berry with 

 many cells^ each including one oblongs compreffed^ hard 

 feed. The male flowers have a one-leaved empalement^ 

 cut into f nail acute fegments ; the petal is thick and four- 

 cornered^ cut into four obtufe fegmcnts which turn back- 

 ward \ they have eight fhort ftamina^ terminated by long^ 

 acute^ twin fmnmits^ but have no germen. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond feftion 

 of Linnicus's twenty-third clafs, intitled Polygamia 

 Dic£cia. The plants of this clafs and fedtion have 

 hermaphrodite and female flowers growing on the 

 fame plant, and the male on feparate plants. 



The Species are, 

 DiosPYROs {Lotus) foliorum paginis difcoloribus, 

 Lin. Sp. Plant. 1057. Diofpyros with thefurface of the 

 leaves of two colours. Guaiacana. J... B. 2. 138, The 

 Indian Date Plumb. < '\ - . ' - ; , " ; 

 . DiosPYROs {Virginiana) foliomm paginis concolori- 

 bus. Lin. Sp. Plant. 1057. Diofpyros zvith the furface 



Guaiacana Virginiana Pif- 



Pifh^ 



of the leaves of 



hamin difta. Boerh. Ind. alt. 2. 



Verfimon^ and by fome Pitchumon Ph 



The firft fort is fuppofed to be a native of Africa, 



and was tranfplanted from thence into feveral parts of 



Italy, and alfo the fouth of France. The fruit of 



this tree is by fome fuppofed to be the Lotus, which 



UlyfTes and his companions were inchanted with. 



This is a tree of a middling growth in the warm 



parts of Europe, where there are feveral of them 



which are upward of thirty feet high ; but particu- 



larly in the botanic garden at Padua there is one very 

 old tree, which has been defcribed by fome of the 

 former botanifts, under the title of Guaicum Patavi- 

 num. This tree produces plenty of friut every year, 

 from the feeds of which many plants have been 

 railed. In England there are none of thefe trees, but 

 what have been raifcd within a few years paft, in the 

 phyfic garden at Chelfea ; for the feeds of which I 



, was greatly obliged to my much honoured friend, his 

 excellency die Chevalier Rathgeb, liis imperial ma- 

 jefty's minillcr at V<^ice, who has alfo fupplied me 

 v/ith many other curious plants, trees, and fruits, 

 from different parts of the world, where his extenlive 

 correfpcndence has been employed to collecc whatever 

 rare plants he could procure •, and his generofity in 



. communicating what feeds and plants he can procure 

 to the phyfic garden at Clielfea, requires this public 

 acknowlcdo-ment. 



The fecond fort is a native of America, but particu- 

 larly in Virginia nvA Carolina there is great plenty of 

 thefe trees grov.'ing in the woods. The feeds of this 

 fort are frequently brought to England, where the 

 trees are now become pretty common in the nurferies 

 about London. I'his rifes to^the height of fourteen 

 or fixceen ftn, but generally tiivides into many irre- 



- guhr trunks near the ground, fo that it is very rare 

 to fee a handfome ti:ee of tliis fore. This produces 



plenty of fruit in England, but they never come to 

 perfedion here. In America the inhabiranrs preferve 

 the fruit until it be rotten (as is prafliifed by Medlars 

 in England) when they are efteemed a pleafant fruit. 

 Thefe are both propagated by feeds, which will come 

 up very well in the open ground •, but if they are 

 fown upon a moderate hot-bed, the plants will conie 

 up much fooner, and make a greater progrefs ; but 

 in this cafe the feeds fhould be iown in pots or boxes 

 of earth, and plunged into the hot-bed, becaufe the 

 plants will not bear tranfplanting till autumn, when 

 the leaves fall off; fo that when the plants are up, 

 and have made fom.e progrcfs, they may be inured 

 by degrees to the open air ^ and in June they maybe 

 wholly expofed, and may remain abroad undl No- 

 vember, when it will be proper to fct the pots under 

 a hot-bed frame to protcft them from hard froft, 

 which, while they are very young, may kill the tops 

 of the plants ; but they mufl; have as much free air 

 as poffible in mild weather. The following fpring, 



enough to refill the 



-1- *-V i Q# 



before the plants begin to fhoot, they fliould be tranf- 

 planted into a nurfery, in a warm fituation, where 

 they may be trained up for tvv^o years, and then re- 

 moved to the places where they are defigned to re- 

 main. Thcfe are both hardy 

 greateft cold of this country, after the plants have ac- 

 quired flrength. 



DIPS AC US. Lin. Gen. Plant. 107. Tourn. M. 

 R. H. 466. tab. 265. [(?tr{/ajiOf, Gr. i. e. thirfty. It 

 is faid to have taken its name by way of contrary, 

 becaufe it receives the dew or rain in the hollow finus 

 of its leaves that cohere together, by which it drives 

 away the injuries of thirft. It is alfo called Labrum 



', Veneris, from thepofition of its leaves, which forma 



fort of bafon, containing a liquor that beautifies the 



. face.] The Teazel j in French, Char don a Bonniticr, 

 The Characters are, 



w/< 



■?ular^ cut into ft 

 have four hairy ft ^ 



thefii 



fupp 



fummits ; the germen isfit\ 



by a ftngle ftigma, 'The germen afterward becomes aco- 

 lumn-fhaped feed^ inclofed in the common conical fruity 

 which is divided by long prickly partitions. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linn^us's fourth clafs, intitled Tetrandria Monogy- 

 nia, the flower having four ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 

 1. DiPSACus !(5)'fo(?/?m) foliis feffilibus ferratis, ariftis 



fruflibus ereftis. 



theftalks^ and ere5t beards to the f 



flawed leaves fit cloft 



Dipfacus fyl- 



veftris. Dod. Pemp. y^^. Wild Teazel 

 2. DiPSACus [Fullonum) foliis connatis, ariftis fruftibus 



recurvis. 



of the fly 



Pemp. 735. Cultivated Teazel 



baft 

 Dipfacus fativus. Dod. 



3. DiPSACus (Laciniatus) foliis connatis fmuatis. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 97. Teazel with flinuatcd leaves joined at their 

 bafe, Dipfacus'folio laciniato. C. B. P. 385. Teazel 

 with a laciniated leafl, 



4. DiPSAcus {Piloflus) foliis petiolatis appendiculatis. 

 Hort. Upfal. 25. Teazel with floot-flalks having Jpf^^' 

 dices. Dipfacus fylveftris, capitulo minore, feu. Virga. 

 Paftoris minor. C. B. P. 385. mid Teazel with a 

 flmaller head^ or flmaller Shepherd* s Rod, 



The firft of thefe plants is very common upon dty 

 banks in moft parts of England, and is feldom cuki- 

 vated in gardens, unlefsforthe fake of variety. 

 The fourth fort grows naturally in many places near 

 London, and is rarely admitted into gardens. 

 The third fort grows naturally in Alface, and is kept: 

 in botanic gardens for the fake of variety; this dif- 

 fers from the wild Teazel in havinf>: the leaves deeply 

 cut and jagged. _ 



But it is the fecond fort only wliich is cultivated tor 

 ufe, which is called Carduus Fullorum, or Fullonum, 

 being of fo fmgular ufe in raifing the knap upon 



woollen cloth, for which purpofc there are great 



quantities 



