E S 



1 



countries v/here they naturally grow, they produce 

 flowers in great plenty every year ; fo that it is very 

 common there to fee mofl of their branches termi- 

 r.ated by large fpikes of flowers, when they have no 

 leaves upon^hem ; and the firft foit, which grows in 

 Carolina, is equally produftive of flowers there, tho' 

 here they do not flower oftenev than once in two or 

 three years, and the other forts not fo frequent. I 

 iave tried by various methods to get them to flower ^ 

 fome I have treated hardily, by expofing them to 

 the open air during the fummer fealbn, and in the j 

 winter kept them in a very moderate temperature 

 of warmth; others I have kept plunged all the year 

 in the tan-bed of the fl:ove, and fome have remained 

 in a dry ftove all the year, where in warm weather 

 they had a large fliare of air admitted to them, and 

 in winter the air was kept to the temperate point. 

 In this Jaft place the plants have fucceeded beft, yet 

 y.'ith this treatment they feldom flower ; and this is 

 the general complaint of every one who is pofleflTed 

 of thefe plants, not only in England, but alfo in Hol- 

 land and France. 



Tlie firft fort may be kept through the winter in a 

 warm green-houfe, but the plants fo kept rarely 

 flower ', tod the two forts which I have received from 

 the Cape of Good Hope, have lived through the win- 

 ter in a warm glafs-cafe, without fire ; but thefe have 

 not made fo good progrefs, as thofe plants which were 



■ kept in a temperate warmth ^ fo that in this country, 

 it is much the beft method of treating thefe plants, 

 efpecially while they are young;- - '■ 

 Thefe plants are beft propagated by feeds, when 

 they can be procured from the countries where they 

 naturally grow, for they do not produce any here, 



■ tho' they are Annually brought to England in plenty. 

 The feeds fhould be fown in fmall pots, and plunged 

 iiito d moderate hot-bed ; where, if the feeds are good, 



:-the plants will come up in a month or five weeks j 

 when they are two inches high, they fliould be care- 

 fully fhaken out of the pots, and each planted in a fe- 

 par^te fmall pot, filled with light earth, atid plunged 

 info a moderate hot-bed of tanners bark, whei-e they 

 muft be fluded from the fun till they have taken new 

 root • then they fliouId have a large fliare of air ad- 

 mitted to them at all times when the weather is warm, 



f' 



/' 



'wu/j th?-se 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fcdion 

 of Lmnx^is's fixth clals, inwhich he places thofe plants 

 whofe flov/crs have fix ftamina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 



I. Erythronium [Dens Canis) foliis ovatis. Erythroni- 

 urn ^with oval haves. Dens c-anis latiore rotundiore- 

 que folio, fiore ex purpura rubente. C. B. P. 87. 



fi' 



-/; 



igifoli 



leaf, 



s lanceolatis. Ery- 

 Dens canis anguf- 



. tiore longioreque folio, flore ex albo purpurafcente. 

 C. B. P. 87. Do^^s Tooth Violet, v:Uh a longer and nar- 

 rower leaf and a purphJJj white flower. 

 Thefe are the only diftinft fpecies which I have feen, 

 but there are fome varitics of them, which are pre- 

 ferred in curious gardens. Of the firft fort there 

 is a white flower, which is pretty common in the gar- 

 dens; another with a pale purple, and a tliird with 

 yellow flowers, which are rare in England : and of the 

 iecond fort there is one with a white, and another with 

 a foft red flower, both which are now very fare in 

 the gardens. 



The firft fort fends out two oval leaves, which are 

 joined at their bafe : they are three inches long and 

 one and a half broad in the middle, gradually lelfen- 

 ing toward the end •, thefe at firft embrace each othei 



inclofing the flower, but afterward they fpread flat 

 upon the ground ; they are fpotted with purple and 

 white ipots all over their furface 5 between thefe rifes 

 a fingle naked ftalk about four inches high, which M 

 fmooth, of a purple colour ; this fuftains oiie flower, 

 compofed of fix fpear-fhaped petals, which in this 

 are purple, but in fome they are white •, the flower 

 hangs downward, and the petals reflex and fpread 

 open to their bafe. In the center is fituated the. ob- 

 long three-cornered germen, fupporting a fingle ftyle 

 which is longer than the ftamina, crowned by a tri- 

 ple ftigma ; the purple ftamina ftand clofe about the 

 ftyki and the ftigma ftands farther out. This plant 

 flowers early in April, but feldom produces feeds in 

 England. The root of this plant is white, oblongs 

 and flefliy, and fhaped like a tooth 5 from whence ic 



to prevent their being drawn up weak-, and as the had the title of Dog's Tooth* 



t - 



plants increafe in ftrehgth, fo they muft have a larger The fecond fort differs from the firft in the fhape of its 

 Ihare of air. They rfiuft be frequently refreflied With leaves, which are loriger and narrtiwer, and the flowers 

 waterj but Hot given to them in great plenty, for too are a little larger but not lb Wfell coloured. . They 

 much ffidftute will rot the fibres of their roots. In I grow naturally in Hungary, and in fome parts df Italy. 



They are propagated by offsets from theif.roots^ 

 which th^y do not fend out very plentifully, fo they 

 tire not fo coriimonlv feen lA the gardens, as moft other 

 ' flowers df thft fetfie l^fon i they love a ihady fku- 

 ation and a gcntk loartiy foil, but fhould riot be too 

 '1 quire to have water two or three times "i Week ? but I often rettioved. They may be tranfplanted any time 



the 'autumn the plants Ibould be removed into the 

 ftove s dnd for the two or three firft winters, tvhile the 

 plants are young, they will require more warmth than 



when they have Acquired more ftferigth. During the 

 time the leaves cdfitinue \h Vigdur, the plarits will re- 



when they are deftitute of leaves, it muft be fparingly 



J 



given, for moifture then is very hurtful to them. As I quite decayed, till the middle of September j but the 

 - the plants grow in ftrcngth^ fo they muft be more J roots fhould not be kept very long otit of the ground. 



Hardily treated -, and by managing them diflferently, 1 for if they fhrink, it will often caufe them to rot. The 



there will be a greater chance of gettihgthem to flower. | foots of thefe flowers fhould not be planted fcattering 



The third fort is frequently planted in the gardens 



near Lifbon, Where they annually flower and ripen 

 ^ ^ their feeds, which have been brought me by perfons 

 •'who gatliered the pods from the trees* - -- : -. 



riicle plants may dfo be propagated by cuttings, 



which, if planted in pots during the fummer months, 



and plunged into a hot-bed, will take root, but the 



feedling plants are beft. 



borders 



ireaf each other, where they will make a good ap- 

 pearance. 

 S C H Y N O M E N E. See ^schynomeka. 



M 



^SCHYNOM 



T- R YT H R O N I U M. Lin. Gen. Plant. 375. Dens ] leaves fall down. 



Nous PLANTS [^A](r'xjwiAmi^ of ocld-x^uQ/xoct^' 



Gr. to be afharfied,] the fcnfitive plwts; vvhich, 

 when one touclies them, will fl:irink in, or let their 



cams- Tourn. Inft- R. H. 378. 

 Tooth, or Dog's Tooth Violet- 



.The Characters are. 



tab. 202. Dog's I ESCULENT P L A N T S [of efculentus, \^^/. 



eatable,] fuch plants, or the roots of them, as may be 

 ^aten • as Beets, Carrots, Leeksy Onions^ Parfneps, 



"^ ^-'^ p-^^cr has no empale7nent ', it is bell-Jhaped^ and com- \ Potatoes, Radifhes, Horfe-radifn, Scorzonera, &c. 



pff^d of fix cblong petals, which fpread open to their 

 Y-je. It hath fix Jlaynina joined to the ftyle, terminated 

 hy chlong, erea, quadrangtdar fummits. In the center is 

 JiUiated an oblong, ohtufe., three-cornered germen, fupport- 

 tj a fingle jlyk which is longer than the ftamina, cronjon- 



fCi iv a trli)h r^htijCfl r^^.->^J:^^ /?-*«.... r-. err.. - 



ESPALIERS, are cither rows of trees planted 

 about a v;hole garden or plantation, or in hedges, 

 fo as to inctofe quarters or feparate parts of a gar- 

 den, which arc trained up flat in a clofc hedge, for the 

 defence of tender plants againft th^ violence and in- 



' . * 



triple^ chtufe, fprcading ftigmdV-The germen \ juty of wind and wea^th^r. 



*- "" *, 



'The 



\' 



^>- 





bt< 



-t 



