E U O 



knd expofe the feeds, which arc of a beautiful red co- 

 lour ; fo that when the branches are well ftored with 

 them, the trees make a good appearance at that fca- 

 fon, when growing among other forts. The wood 

 of this tree v. ufed by the mufical initrument-makers 

 for toothing of organs and virginal keys ; the branches 

 are cut into tooth-pickers, and for making of Ikcwers; 

 and fpindles are made of the wood, from whence the 

 tree was titled Spindle-tree i but in fome counties it 

 is called Dogwood. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in Auftria and Hun- 

 gary i this was vcryfeldom feen in England till of late 

 years, fince I procured it from France, and from the 

 feeds of thofe plants great numbers have been fince 

 raifed, fo it is now pretty common in feveral of the 

 nurferies near London ; this rifes with a ftronger flem 

 than the firft, and grows to a larger fize. The leaves 

 are oval and fpcar-fliaped, about four inches long, and 

 two inches broad in the middle, of a light green co- 

 . lour, and enyre -, they are placed oppofite on the 

 branches, with fliort foot-ftalks. The flowers come 

 out from the fide of the branches, upon very (lender 

 foot-ftalks, which are two inches and a half long •, 

 thefe brancii out into a loofe buncli, fo that the flowers 

 {land upon feparate foot-ftalks. The flowers have 

 five petals, which at firft are white, but afterward 

 change to a purple colour ; the empalemcnt of the 

 flower is divided into five parts. It hath five ilamina, 

 and the fruit is frequently five-cornered -, the fruit is 

 much larger than that of the com.n:ion fort, and the 

 foot-ftalks being weak, the fruit always hang down. 

 Dr. Linna:;us has fuppofed thefe to be but one fpecies, 

 and has taken the charafters of this genus from the 

 fecond fort, whofe flowers have five ftamina and five 

 petals, and the fruit five corners ; but all thofe of 

 the conimon fort which I have examined have but 

 four, and thefe difl^erences are permanent in thofe 

 plants which rife from feeds ; for I have raifed rriany 

 of both forts from feeds, but have never found, either 

 of them alter. 

 The third fort grows naturally in Virginia, Carolina, 

 and other p.?.rts of North America ; this rifes with a 

 ftirubby flalk to the heightof eight or ten feet, dividing 

 into many branches, which come out oppofite from the 

 joints of the ftem^ thefe are garniflied with fpear-fhaped 

 leaves, which are tvv'o inches long, and about three 

 quarters of an inch broad in the middle, ending in 

 acute points -, they are placed oppofite, and continue 

 green all the yeai\ The flowers are produced at the 

 end of the branches, and alfo from the fides, in fmall 

 clufters, which are fuccceded by round capfules, 

 wliich are clofely armed by rough protuberances. 

 This flowers in July, but fcldom produces ripe fruit 

 in England, 



As this is an evergreen flirub, fo it merits a place in 

 every curious garden, and particularly in all planta- 

 tions of evergreen trees and fhrubs ; there is a vari- 

 ety of this with variegated leaves, which ispreferved 

 in the nurfery-gardens. 



The fourth fort grows naturally in Jamaica, and fome 

 of the other iflands in the Weft-Indies -, this rifes 

 with an upright woody ftalk, to the height of ten or 

 twelve feet •, at the top it divides into two or three 

 ihort branches, which are garnifl^ed by winged leaves, 

 Compofed of fix or feven pair of fmall leaves (or lobes) 

 about two inches long, and one inch broad ; thefe 

 kavcs come out without order, (landing upon long 

 foot-ftalks. The flowers come out in clufters from 

 the fide of the branches, toward their end -, thefe are 

 fucceeded by roundifti capfules, having a thick brown 

 ' cover, which open in three cells, eac 

 lingle hard feed. 



The two firft forts may be propagated either by feeds, 



»r layers i if by feeds, they ftiould be fown in autumn, 



, ipon aJfter they are ripe ; then the plants will come up 



■ the fpring following ; but if the feeds are not fown till 



' - 



containing a 



the plants will not appear till the followino* 



fprmg, 



fpnng, whereby a whole year is loft. The feeds ftiould 



be fown upon aftiady border, where they will fucceed 



better than when they, are more expofcd to the fun. 



D 



P 



When the plants come up, they will require no otf "- 

 care but to keep them clean from weeds till the foV- 

 lowing autumn, when, as loon as their leaves decav 

 the plants ftiould betaken up and tranfplantcd into'a 

 nurfery, in rows two fe^et diftant, and the plants one 

 foot afunder in the rows-, in this place they may re- 

 main two years, and then they may be removed to 

 the places where they are to remain. 

 When thefe are propagated by layers, the youn 

 ftioots fnould be laid down in antumn •, and if the ioin^ 

 which is laid deepeft in the ground is flit, as is prac- 

 tifed forCarnations, it will caufe them to put out roots 

 much fooner than they orhcrwife would do ; thefe lay- 

 ers will be fufficiently rooted in one year to bear tranf^ 

 planting, when they fliould be taken from the old 

 plants, and treated in the fame way as the feedlinf^s. 

 The cuttings of thefe forts, planted in a ftiady border 

 will take root, but theyfiiould be planted in.autumni 

 as foon as their leaves begin to fall ; they ftiould be 

 the flioots of the fame year, with a knot of the for- 

 mer year at bottom. 



The third fort, which grows naturally in North 

 America, is fo hardy as rarely to fuffer by cold in 

 England, provided it is not planted in places very 

 much expofed. This may be propagated by laying 

 down the young brandies in the autumn, obferving 

 to tongue them in the fame manner as is pradtifed in 

 laying of Carnations : thefe will have made good roots 

 in one year, when they may be cut from the old 

 plants, and planted in a nurfery for two vcars to 

 get ftrength ; after which, they ftiould be planted 

 where they are defigned to remain. 

 The fourth fort is a native of v;armer countries, 

 fo cannot be preferved in England, unlefs it is placed 

 in a ftove in winter : this is generally propagated by 

 feeds, which muft be fown in pots, and plunged into 

 a hot-bed ; and when the plants are fit co remove, 

 they ftiould be each planted in a feparate fmall pot, 

 and plunged into the hot-bed again, being careful 

 to ftiade them until they have taken new root; after 

 which they muft be treated in the fame way as other 

 tender plants of the fame countries. This fort may 

 alfo be propagated by cuttings during any of the 

 fummer months. : 



EUP ATORO I PH ALACRON. See Verbesina. 



EUPATORIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 842. Tourn. 

 Inft. R.H. 455. tab. 259. [EjTraTWftoi/, of king Eu- 

 pator, who firft brought this plant into ufe.] Hemp 

 Agrimony ; in French, Eapatoire. 



The Characters arc, 

 // hath a compound flower^ compofed of feverd herma- 

 phrodite florets^ which are fimnel-fljaped^ cut into 

 five parts at the brim^ which fpread open ; thefe are in- 

 cluded in one common fcaly empalement^ whofe fcales are 

 fiarrotv^ ere£f^ and unequal, Theforets have each fiv^ 

 Jhort hairy Jiamina, terminated by cylindrical fmnmits. In 

 the bottom is Jituatcd a fmall germen^ fupporting a long 

 Jlender ftyky which is bifida crowned by a narrcw ftigma. 

 The germen afterward becomes an oblong feedj cro-wned 



with down^ fitting in the empalemcnt. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fcclion of 

 Linn^us's nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe, 

 plants with compound flowers, which have only her- 

 maphrodite fruitful flowers. 

 The Species are, . 



1. EuPATORiuM {Cannabinum) follis digitads.' Hort. 

 Cliff. ^g6, Eupatorimn with fingered leaves. Eupa- 

 torium cannabinum. C. B. P. 320. Common Hemp 

 Agrimony. . 



2. 'Ejjvatokixju {Maculatum) foliis lanceolato-ovaus, 

 ferratis, petiolatis, caule erefto. Hort. Cliff*. 39^- 

 Eupatorium with fpear-fhaped oval leaves which are 

 fawedy having foot fialks-i and an upright ftalL Eupa- 

 torium Nov^ Anglise, urticrs foliis, floribus purpu- 

 rafcentibus, maculato caule. H. L. New England 

 Hemp Agrimony with Nettle leaves^ purplifh flowers^ and 

 fpotted Jtalks. 



3. Eupatorium [Purpureum) foliis fubverticillads, l^in- 

 ceolatis ferratis petiolatis rugofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 83o- 



mm with leaves placed in whorls-^ whico ars 



Eupatorium 



fpea^ 



