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branches, and from the fork between thefe divifions 

 come out the umbels of flowers, each fork having 

 uncj that which is fituated in the firfl: divifion being 

 the largeft, and thofe in the upper the fnnalleft. The 

 flowers are of a grecnifh yellow colour ; they appear in 

 June and July, and the fruit follows foon after, which 

 is divided into three lobes, and has three cells, each 

 containing one roundiih feed, which is caft out at a 

 diftance by the elafticity of the pods. This fort 

 will propagate itfelf fad enough when it is once in- 

 troduced into gardens, fo requires no care but to keep 



it clean from weeds. 



The nineteenth fort grows naturally in the fouth of 

 France, in Spain, and Italy. This fends out many 

 trailing branches from the root, which grow about a 



■ foot long, lying upon the ground, which are clofely 

 garniflied with "thick fucculent leaves •, thefe are flat, 

 ftiort, and pointed j they fpread open on every fide 

 the branches, and are placed alternate, fitting clofe to 

 the ftalks : the flowers are produced in large umbels 

 at the end of the branches ; the involucrum of the 

 principal umbel is compofed of feveral oval-pointed 

 leaves, but thofe of the fmall umbels have only two 

 heart-fliaped concave leaves, whofe borders are rough ^ 

 the flowers are yellow, and are fucceeded by three 

 feeds, inclofed in a roundifli capfule with three cells. 

 I'his plant will continue two or three years upon a 

 dry warm foil, and will ripen feeds annually; which, 

 if permitted to fcatter, the plants will come up, 

 and require no other care but to keep them clean 



' from weeds. 



The twentieth fort grows naturally in Crete, and in 

 feveral iflands of the Archipelago ; this rifes with an 

 upright branching fl:em to the height of four feet-, 

 the leaves of this are oblong and pointed, and are 

 placed alternate on the branches ; the flowers come 

 out in umbels from the fork between the branches ; 

 they are fmall and yellow, and are rarely lucceeded by 

 feeds in England. Jt is cafily propagated by cuttings 

 during any of the fumnfier months, and requires a 

 little proteftion from the froft in winter. 

 The twenty-firft fort grows naturally in the woods 

 jn many parts of England; it rifes with a fhrubby fl:alk 

 three feet high; the flowers are produced in umbels 

 fitting clofe to the fl:alks, fo form a long fpike ; the 

 "cmpalements are of a greenifh yellow, and the petals 

 black, fo they make an odd appearance. It flowers 

 in May, and the feeds ripen in July, If the feeds 

 of this are fown under trees in the autumn, the 

 plants will rife the following Ipring, and require no 

 culture. 



The twenty-fecond fort fl:ands in the lifi: of medi- 

 cinal plants by the title of Efula major, but at pre- 

 fect is feldom ufed : this grows naturally in France 

 and Germany upon marfhy places, where it rifes 

 three or four feet high. It hath a perennial root, 

 by which it may be propagated better than by feeds, 

 which feldom grow, unlefs they are fown foon after 

 they are ripe. ■ ■ ,. • . . 



The twenty-third fort was difcovered in the Levant, 

 by Dr. Tournefort, who fent the feeds to the royal 

 garden at Paris ; this hath a perennial root, from which 

 arife many fucculent ftalks three feet high, covered 

 with a purple bark, and garniflied with oblong fmooth 

 leaves, ftiaped like thofe of Willow, of a dark green 

 colour. ' The upper part of the ftalks divide, and in 

 the fork is fituated an umbel of flowers of a greenifli 

 yellow colour, which are fucceeded by round cap- 

 fules with three cells, each containing a fingle feed. 



It flowers in June, and the feeds are rpe in Auguft; 

 this may be propagated by parting the roots, or 

 byfdwing the feeds in autumn. The plant is hardy, 



. fo will endure the greateft cold of this country, if it 

 is planted in a dry foil. 



The twenty-fourth fort grows naturally in Sicily, and 

 on the borders, of the Mediterranean Sea ; this rifes 

 with feveral fhrubby ftalks to the height of five or 

 fix feet, having a red bark, and are garniflied with 

 oblong, fmooth, blunt leaves, which are placed alter- 

 B'Atc. The .floaters grow in fmall umbels from, the 



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divifion of their branches ; they are yellov/, and are 

 fucceeded by roundifli capfules, which are roueh 

 having three cells like the other fpecies. This i* 

 eafily propagated by cuttings during any of thefuin. 

 mer months, and requires protcdlion from the froft 

 in v/intcr. 



The twenty-fifth fort grows naturally in Ireland 

 from whence the roots have been brought to En^! 

 land ; this hath thick fibrous roots, which fend un 

 feveral fingle unbranched ftalks about a foot hicrh 

 garniflied v/ich oblong leaves, placed alternate 1)ri 

 every fide. The flowers are produced in fmall um- 

 bels at the top of the ftalks ; they are yellow, and 

 are fucceeded by rough warted capfules with three 

 cells ; it flowers in June, and the feeds ripen in Au- 

 guft. This may be propagated by the roots, which 

 ftiould be planted in a ftiady fituation and a moift 

 foil. . " ' i 



This plant was almoft the only phyfic ufed by the 

 native inhabitants of Ireland formerly; but fince the 

 ufe of mercury has been known to them, the other 

 has been generally negledted. ■ 



The twenty-fixthfort grows naturally in the Levant- 

 this hath a knobbed Pear-fliaped root, from which 

 arife two or three ftalks about a foot and a half 

 high, garniflied with oblong leaves, which are hairy, 

 placed alternate on every fide the ftalk. The flowers 

 areproduced in fmall umbels from the divifions of the 

 ftalk ; they are fmall, of a greenifli yellow colour, and 

 are feldom fucceeded by feeds here ; it may be propa- 

 gated by offsets, fent out from the main root ; thefe 

 may be taken off in autumn, and planted in a fliady 

 fituation, where they will thrive better than in the 

 full fun. 



The twenty-feventh fort grows naturally at Aleppo, 

 and in other parts of the Levant ; this hath a percn-- 

 nial creeping root, by which it multiplies very fall 

 where it is once eftabliftied. The ftalks of this rife a 

 foot and a half high ; the lower leaves are narrow, 

 ftiff, and briftly; but thofe on the upper part of the 

 ftalk are fhaped like the narrow-leaved Myrtle. The 

 flowers are produced in large umbels from the divi- 

 fions of the ftalk ; they are yellow, and appear in 

 June, but are rarely fucceeded by feeds in this country. 

 The roots of this fhould be confined in pots ; for 

 when they are planted in the full ground, they creep 

 about to a great diftance. ^ • 



The twenty-eighth fort grows naturally in rnany parts 

 of the Levant, and alfo in Spain and Portugal. The 

 feeds of this were brought me from Scanderoon, by 

 the late Mr. Robert Millar, who found the plantsgrow- 

 ing plentifully there ; and he affured me,-that he faw 

 the inhabitants wounding of thefe plants, and cofleft- 

 ing their milky juice, which they mixed up with the 

 Scammony to fend abroad. ..:-~ : 



The feeds of this plant were fince fent me from Por- 

 tugal, by Robert More, Efq; who found the plants 

 growing there naturally, but this plant had been many 

 years before an inhabitant in the Englifli gardens ; this 

 rifes with a purple flirubby ftalk near three feet high, 

 which is garniflied with narrow, fpear-fhaped, hairy 

 leaves^ fet clofely on the ftalk alternately on every 



, fide ; the upper part of the ftalk is terminated by um- 

 bels of flowers, which form a fort of fpike. The 

 greater umbels are multifid, but the fmall ones are bi- 

 fid. The involucrums of the flowers are yellow,^ and 

 the petals of the flowers black ; thefe appear in May, 

 and are fucceeded by feeds which ripen in July : the 

 young plants which have been lately raifed from keds^ 



, are generally very fruitful, but the old ones, and thofe 

 raifed by cuttings are barren ; this may bepropagared 

 by feeds, or from cuttings, and will live abroad if 

 planted in a dry rubbiftiy foil and a warm fituation, 

 otherwife they are frequently killed by fevere froft. 

 The twenty-ninth fort grows naturally in the fovJth 

 of France, in Spain, and Italy ; this is a biennial plant, 



^from whofe root arife two or three ftalks, which grovv 

 two or three feet high, garnifhed with fpear-ftiaped 

 leaves, which are entire. The umbels of flowers arile 



from the divifion of the branches ; the invojucrunis 



are 



