GAR 



GAR 



in the fpring or autumn, and will grow almoft in any 

 foil or fituution, efpeciilly the firft Ibrt •, the other 

 forts require a drier' foil, but will all grov/ in any fi- 



tuation. , . , - 



GALLERIES, arc ornaments made with trees or 



various kinds, which are very common in all the 

 French gardens, but are feldom introduced into the 

 £nali(h gardens, efpecially fince the tafte for clipped 

 trec^ has-been exploded -, but as there may be fome 

 who yet fancy thefe obfolete ornaments, I Ihalljull 

 jnention the way of conllru6ling them. 

 In order to make a gallery in a garden v/ith porticoes 

 and arches, a line mull firft be drawn of the length 

 you defign the gallery to be •, which being done^ it 

 is to be planted with Hornbeam, as directed under 

 the articleHoRNEEAM; whichHornbeam thus planted, 

 is to be the foundation of the gallery. 

 The management of them is not very difficult ; they 

 require only to be digged about, and Iheared a little 

 when there is occafion. 



The chief curiofity required is In the ordering the 

 fore-part of the gallery, and in forming the arches. 

 Each pillar of the porticoes or arches ought to be four 

 feet diftant one from the other -, the gallery twelve 

 feet high, and ten feet wide, that there niay be room 

 for two or three perfons to walk a-breaft. 

 When the Hornbeams are grown to the height of 

 three feet, the diftance of the pillars well regulated, 

 and the ground-work of the gallery finifhed, the next 

 thing to be done is to form the frontifpiece : to per- 

 form which you muft flop the Hornbeam between 

 two pillars at the height, and run up a trellis made 

 for that purpofe, which forms the arch. 

 As it grows up you muft with your lliears even thofe 

 boughs that outlhoot the others ; in time they will 

 grow ftrong, and may be kept in form by the fhears. 

 Portico galleries may be covered with Lime-trees. 

 JARCINIA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 526. The Mango- 

 fteen. 



The Characters are. 



four roundip 



J'he fewer hath < 

 manent. It had 

 rfpread open^ and c 

 Jixteen ft amina which are ereEl^ and ft 



which 



\dtfo fu 



in the center isjituated an 



fcarce any ftylt 



luckkr-fhaped plain ftign: 

 is permanent. The gerz 

 globular berrv with one 

 feeds 



afterward 



flefiy 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firft feftion of 

 Linnseus's eleventh clafs, intitled Dodecandria Mo- 

 nogynia, which includes thofe plants whofe flowers 

 have twelve ftamina and one ilyl 



We 



of thi 



lis s:enus, viz. 



{Mangoft, 



t> 



Man 



'' gojlan, or Mangofteeh, Arbor perc 



mill fruftu. Cluf. Exot. 12. Foreign Tree with afniit 



like the Orange. • '"^ - . - • -- c. ., 



This tree grows naturally in the Molucca Iflands, and 

 alfo in the inland parts of New Spaing from whence 

 I received perfedt fpecimens, which were fent me by 

 Mr. Robert Millar, who gathered them hear Tolu, 

 but did not know the tree. It rifes with an upright 

 ■ ftem near twenty feet high, fending out 'many 

 branches on every fide, which are placed oppqfite, 

 ^nd ftahd oblique to each other, and not at right an- 

 gles \ the bark of the branches is fmdoth, of a gray 

 colour, but on the tender flioots it is green, arid that 

 of the trunk is of a darker colour and full of cracks : 

 the leaves are of the fpear-lhape, ' and entire j they 

 are feven or eight inches long, and about half fo 

 niuch in breadth in the middle, gradually dirhinifhing 

 to both ends, of a lucid green on their upper fide, 

 and of an Olive colour on their under, having a pro- I 

 nunent midrib through the middle, with fcveral fmall 

 veins running from that to both fides of the leaf 

 The flower is like that of a fingle Rofe, coinpofed of 

 four roundifli petals, which are thick at their bafe, 

 but are thinner toward their ends ; they are of a dark 



red colour- 



. Tlie fruit whir! 

 round, the fizc of a 



wiucli iuccce^is the flowrr i^ 

 -- -. middlino; Onmtn' , 

 covered by a cap, which was riic !li:/ma 



tl.,' tub 13 



- - on the top 

 ot the ityle, and remains to rfie top or" tii- fruit, -m^-. 

 is indented in rays to the number of fix or ft:ven, 

 which are obtufc. ^ The {lidl of the fruit is like that 

 of the Pomegranate, but fofter, thicker, and fuilcr 

 of juice ;^ it is green at firft,- but changes to a dark 

 brown v/itli fonic yellowifii fpots •, the nifide of the 

 fruit is of a Rofe colour, and divided into feveral 

 parts by thin partitions, as in Oranges, in which the 

 feeds are lodged, furfounded by a loft juicy pulp of 

 a delicious flavour, partaking of the Strawberry and 

 the Grape, aiid is cfteemed OT\t of the richell fruits 

 in the world \ the trees naturally growing in the form 

 of Pyrabolas, whofe branches are well garnilhed with 

 large fliining green leaves : they have an elegant ap- 

 pearance, and afibrd a kindly fhade in hot countries, 

 therefore are worthy of cultivation, in all thofe coun- 

 tries where there is warmth enough to ripen the fruit- 

 As there are but few of the feeds in thefe fruit which 

 come to perfeftion (for the grenteft part of them are 

 abortive) fo molt of thofe which have been broui^ht 

 to Europe have failed ; therefore the fureil way to 

 obtdin the plants, is to fow their feeds in tubs of earth 

 in the country, and when the plants have obtained 

 flrrength, they mdy be brought to Europe; but there 

 fhould be great care taken in their pafl^age, to fcreea 

 them from fait water and the fpray of the fea, as alfo 

 not to give them much water, efpecially when they 

 are in a cool or temperate climate, for thefe plants are 

 very impatient of wet./ When the plants arrive in 

 Europe, they Ihould be carefully tranfplanted, each 

 into a feparate pot, filled with light kitchen-garden 

 earth, and plunged into the tan-bed, obferving to 

 fhade them from the fun till they have takeil new 

 root*, then they mufl: be treated in the fame manner 

 as other tender plants froni hot coiahtries. 

 GARDENS are diftinguiflied into flower-gardens, 

 fruit-gardens, and kitchen-gardens : the firfl:, being 

 defigned for pleafure and ornament, are to be placed 

 in the mofl; confpicuous parts, i.e. next to, orjuft: 

 againfl: the back front of the houfe ; the two latter 

 bfeing principally intended for ufe and fervice, are 

 placed lels iri fight. 



Though the fruit and kitchen-gardens are here men- 

 tioned as two difl:inft gardens, and have by the French 

 gardeners, as alfo by fome of our own countrymen 

 been contrived as fuch, yet they are now ufually iri 

 bne ; and with good reafon,' fince they both require 

 21 good foil and expofufe,' and will equally 'require td 

 be placed out of the view of the hblife; Afid afe it 

 will be proper to inclofe ,the kitchen-garden with 

 walls, and to^ fecure the gates, that ho perfons may 

 ^ liave accefs to it, w'Whave no bufinefs iri it, for the 

 fake of pteferving'the prbdhft, fo thefe walls will 

 anfwer "thepurpofes'of b6th;'-' Moreover, ih the dif- 

 pofition of the kitchen-garden,^ wheri it 'is properly, 

 divided into quarters, the planting of ^paliers of 

 fruit-trees round each of the quarters, will be of ufe 

 ih fcreening from the viev>^ the kitchen-herbs growing 

 in the quarters ; andj by that means, give an elegancy 

 to both parts, and fave Befides a great expense." The 

 only objec5tion which has been made to thi§ of any 



■ confequence is, ' th^t the gardeners rfre too apt to' 

 crowd the borders. near the walls with kitchen-herbs, 

 whereby the trees' are deprived of their hourifiiment % 

 but this is in every gentleman's power to redrefs, by 

 not fuffering the borders to be thus Crowded. But I 

 ftiall treat more fully df this und^r the article of 

 Kitchen-Gardev. r- V\ ■• "- ' '- 



In thd choice of a place to plan a garden in, the 



■ fituation and expofurd of the ground are the moll ef- 

 fehtial points to be regarded j fince, if a failure be 

 made in that point, all the care and expence will in a 

 fnanner be loft. 



In a garden for pleafure, the principal things to be 

 confidered, are, ifl:, the fituation; 2dly, the foil, 

 afpeft, or expofure J jdly, water i 4thly, prolpeft. 



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