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ollon':^ wings ^ and a tzz'O-ka'ved ked ^d:hich is acute. It 

 hath'ten ftamhta^ ntnejcined and cne Jlandingftngk'^ they 

 ^re longer than the keek ^^d terminated by roundifo jum- 

 mits. In the bottom isfituated a fiort germen, ftippQrti)fg 

 an ar.ol-fiapedJlyle the length of the jiamina^ cro'iuiied by 

 a rifin^ obtufe Jligma. The gcnnen afterward becomes an 

 (}blong^ or oval compreffcd pod 'ivith one celly including tn'o 

 ^r t^<^^ kidney-Jhaped feeds. 



This o-enus of plants is ranged in the third fcflion of 

 LinniEUs's feventeenth clafs, intitled Diadelphia Dc- 

 candria, which includes thofe plants which have ten 

 ftamina joined in two bodies. 

 The Species are, 

 I. Glycyrrhiza (Glabra) leguminibus glabris. Hort, 

 Cliff. 490. Liquorice^nth fmooth pods. Glycyrrhiza fi- 

 liquofa, vel Germanica. C. B. P. Common Liquorice. 

 a. Glycyrrhiza {Echinata) leguminibus echinatis. Prod. 

 Leyd. 386. Liquorice with prickly pods. Glycyrrhiza 

 capite echinato, C. B. P. Rough-podded Liquorice, 

 Glycyrrhiza {Hirfuta) leguminibus hirfutis. Prod. 

 Leyd, 386. Liquorice with hairy pods. Glycyrrhiza 

 Oricntalis, filiquis hirfutiffimis. Tourn. Cor. Eafiern 

 Liquorice with hairy pods. 



The firft fort is that which is commonly cultivated in 

 England for medicine ; the other two kinds are pre- 

 ferved in curious botanic gardens for variety, but their 

 roots are not fo full of juice as the firft, nor is the 

 juice fo fweet ; though the fecond fort feems to be 

 that which Diofcorides has defcribed and recom- 

 mended, but I fuppofe the goodnefs of the firfl has 

 occafioned its being fo generally cultivated in Europe. 

 The roots oi this run very deep into the ground, and 

 creep to a confiderable diftance, efpecially where they 

 are permitted to ftand long unremoved ; from thcfe 

 arife ftrong herbaceous ftalks, four or five feet high, 

 garnifhed with winged leaves, compofed of four or 

 five pair of oval lobes, terminated by an odd one; the 

 leaves and ftalks are clammy, and of a dark green ; 

 . the flowers come out in fpikes from the wings of the 

 : ftalks, ftanding erefl: ; they are of a pale blue colour, 

 . and are fucceeded by (hort comprefled pods, each con- 

 taining two or three kidney-ftiaped feeds. It flowers 

 the latter end of July, but the feeds do not ripen in 

 England- 



This plant delights in a light fandy foil, which fhould 

 be three feet deep at leaft, for the goodnefs of Li- 

 quorice confifts in the length of the roots : the greateft 

 quantity of Liquorice which is propagated in England, 

 is about Pontefraft in Yorkfhire, and Godalmin in 

 Surry V though of late years there hath been a great 

 deal cultivated in the gardens near London: the 

 ground in wKich you intend to plant Liquorice, 

 fhould be well dug and dunged the year before you 

 plant it, that the dung may be perfectly rotted, and 

 mixed with the earth, otherwife it will be apt to ftop 

 ; the roots from running down ; and before you plant it, 

 the ground fhould be.dug three fpades deep, and laid 

 \ very light ; when your ground is thus well prepared, 

 .you fhould furnifh yourfclf with frefb plants taken 

 from the fides or heads of the old roots, obferving 

 that they have a good bud or eye, otherwife they are 

 - fubjeft to mifcarry ; thefe plants fhould be about ten 



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inches long, andperfeftly foiihd. 

 • The beft feafon for "planting . them is. Jn.the be- 

 ^nning or middle of March, which muft be done 



the 



following manner- 



crofs the ground in which yoirWould plant" them, 

 - then with a loner dibble made on purpofe, put" in the 



g 



fl>oot, fo that the whole' plant may be'fet Itrait into 



• the ground, with the head about ah Inch under the 



• iurface in a ftrait line, about a foot afunder, or more, 

 ' ^^therows, and two feet diftance row from rowi and 



after having finifhed the whole fpot of ground, you 

 may fow a thin crop of Onions, which being plants 

 that do not root deep into the ground, nor fpread 

 ^uch above, will do the Liquorice no damage the firft 

 y^ar; for the Liquorice will not flioot very high the 

 firft feafon, and the hoeing of the Onions will alfo 



fu' ^^^ g^^^^"^ clear from weeds •, but in doing of 

 ot this you muft be careful not to cut off the top flioots 



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the Liquorice plants when thcv appcnr above grcun;t» 

 which would greatly injure them •, and alio oblcrvc ro 

 cut up all the Onions which grow near the lieads of 

 the Liquorice -, and after you/ Onions ftre pv.llcd up, 

 you Ihould carefully hoe and clean the ground front 

 weeds ; and in October, when die fnoots of the Li- 

 quorice are decayed, you lliouki fpread a little wry 

 rotten dung upon the furface of the ground, which 

 will prevent the weeds from growino- durinp- cl)c 

 winter, and the rain will vvafli thiC virtue of the dur.o- 



inco the ground, which will greatly improve the 

 plants. 



In the beginning of March following you fhould 

 nightly dig the ground between the rows of Liquorice, 

 burying the remaining part of the dung ^ but in doing 

 of this, you fhould be Very careful not to cut the roots. 

 This ftirring of the ground v/ill not only prcferve it 

 clean from wxeds a long tiniQ, but alfo greatly 

 ftrengthen the plants. 



The diftance which I have allowed for planting thcfe 

 plants, will, I doubt not, by fome, be thought too 

 great'; but in anfwer to that, I would only obfcrve, 

 that as the largenefs of the roots is the chief advan- 

 tage to the planter, fo the only method to obtain this, 

 is by giving them room ; and befides, this will give 

 a greater liberty to ftir and drefs the ground, which 

 is of great fervice to Liquorice ; and if the plantation 

 defigned were to be of an extraordinary bignefs, I 

 would advife the rows to be made at leaft three feet 

 diftant, whereby it will be eafy to ftir the ground with 

 a breaft plough, which will gready lelTen the expence 

 of labour. 



Thefe plants fhould remain three years from thetime? 

 of planting, when they will be fit to take up for ufe^ 

 which fhould hot be done until the ftalks are pcrfeftly 

 decayed ; for when it is taken up too fbonj it is fub* 

 je6t to fhrink greatly, and lofe of its weight. 

 The ground near London being rich, increafes the 

 bulk of the root very faft ; but when it is taken up^ 

 it appears of a very dark colour, and not near io 

 fightly as that which grows upon a fandy foil in an 

 open country. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in fome parts of Italy, 

 and in the Levant ; the ftalks and leaves of this are 

 very like thofe of the firft, but the fiowers are pro- 

 duced in fhorter fpikes, and the pods which fucceed 

 them are very fhort, broad at their bafe, ending in 

 acute points, and are armed with Iharp prickles, l^his 

 flowers about the fame time as the firft, and in warm 

 feafons will perfect feeds in England. ., •., 

 The third fort grows naturaUy^ in the Levant, From 

 whence the feeds were fent to the royal garden at 



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Paris, by Dr. Tduriiefort. ■ ' This hath much the ap- 



pearance of the other 'two fpecies, but the pods of it 



are hairy, and longetjthan. thofe of the Other. ^ Both 



thefe forts may fee propagated in the fame manper as 



' the firftj or from fecds^ which may be fown in the 



fpring on a bed of light earth ; but as neither of thefe 



are ufed, fo they are feldom propagated unlefs for the 



, fake of variety. , 



GNAPHALIUM, Liri. Gen. Plant. 850. Elichf)^- 



fum. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 452. tab. 259. Goldylocks^ 



or Eternal Flower 3 in French, Immortelle. 



• The Characters are, 

 ■ // hatha compound flcwer^ made ip of hermaphrodite 

 : florets and female half floret Sy included in one fcaly empale- 

 \ -\f}ient \ the hermaphrodite florets are tubulous^funfiel-fhapedi 

 '■ * '^and cut into flve parts at the hrim^ ivhicb are rcflcxed 5 

 thefe have five fhort baity flamina^ terminated by cylin- 

 drical fUmmits. In the center is fituated a germen., fup- 

 pbrting a flenderftyle the length of the flamina^ crowned 

 by a bifid ftigma ; the germen afterward becomes afingle 

 feedy which in fome fpecies is crqwnedwith a hairy down^ 

 and in others a feathery 'down, ■ The female flowers which 

 are intermixed with thefe have no flamina^ but a germen 

 fupporting a fiender ftyle., crowned by a bifid reflexedftig^ 

 ma. Tb^fe are in fome fpecies fruitful^ and in others they 

 are barren. The empalement of the flower is permanent 



andfhining. 



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