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having leafy cmpalcments ending witli fpines ; the 

 flowers arc yellow, and appear in the fumnier months, 

 but are not lucceeded by leeds in England. 

 It is propairared by planting ofthermall heads at th.e 

 end of the branches, in June or July, which muft be 

 clofely covered with cither bell or hand-glafles, or 

 thev ^vill not fuccced, andiliould be carefully fcreened 

 froni the ibn. When thefe are well rooted, they fliould 

 be put each into a final) pot, and hi winter fhould 

 be placed in an airy glafs-cafcfecure from damps. 



GOKZ. Sec Ulex. 



QOSSYPIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 755. Xylon. 



Xourn. Intl. R. H. 101. tab. 27. Cotton. 



The Characters are, 

 ^he flower has a double empalement \ the outer h large^ 

 cf cne leafy and cut halfzvay into three fegmcnis -, the in- 

 jjer is cup-JIjaped-i cf eve leaf, ait into five obtufe [eg- 



It hath five plain heart-fhaped petals^ 



It hath a 



ments at the top. 



vohich join at their bafe^ and fpread open. 



rr cat number of fiamina^ "which are joined at bottom in 

 a column y but arc loofs above ^ and infer ted into the petals ; 

 thefe are terminated by kidney-fjjaped fummits. ■ It hath a 

 round ger)ncn, fupporting four flyks^ joined in the column-, 

 end are the fame length of the ftamina^ crowned by four 

 thick fdgmas. I'he germen afterward becomes a roundifJo 

 capfvde^ ending in a pointy having four cells^ which are 

 filled with oval feeds ^ wrapped up in dczvn. 

 This genus of j)lants is ranged in the third fedion 

 of Linn^us's fixteenth clafs, intitled Monodelphia 

 Polyandria, which includes the plants whofe flowers 

 have many ftamJna, v/hich are joined together with 

 the ftyles in one column or body, . ... . - ..\ 



The Species are, 

 I. GossYPiuM {Herbaceufn) foliis quinquelobis, caule 

 • herb-aceo lae'vi. Hort. Upfal. 203. Cotton with leaves 

 . having five lobes, and a fmooth herbaceous ftalk. Gof- 



■ fypium. Camer. Epit. 203. The common herbaceous 

 Cotton. ■ ^ ■ 



2> GossYPiuM (Barbadenfe) foliis trilobis integerrimis 

 fubtus biglandulofis. Hort. Upfal. 205. Cotton-tree 

 'with entire leaves, having three lobes with three glands 

 under their Jide. GofTypilim frutefcens annuum, folio 

 trilobo Barbadenfe. Pluk. Aim. 172. tab. 188. Shrub- 

 ' by annual Barbadoes Cotton, with leaves having three lobes. 

 GossYPiuM {Arhoreum) folijs palmatis, lobis lanceo- 

 'latis, caule fruticofo. Lin. Sp. Plant. 6<^^. Cotton 



■ v:itb hand-fhaped leaves, having five fpearfhaped lobes, 



■ and 'a prubby ftalk, Xylon arboreum, flore flavo. 



■ Tourn. Inil. R. H. i o i . Tree Cotton with a yellow fiower. 

 4. GossYPiufyi IHirfutum) foliis trilobis & quinquelobif- 

 , que acutis, caule ramofo hirfuto. Cotton with leaves 



having three and five lobes, ending in acute points, and 

 a hairy branching jlalk. Xylon Americanum prarftan- 

 tifTimum, femine vircfcente. Liein. Tourn. Inft. R. 



3 



lOI. 



Fineft American Cotton with a green feed. ' 



H. 



The firft fort is the common Levant Cotton, which 



■ IS cultivated in feveral lilands of the Archipelago, as 

 ■' alfo in Malta, Sicily, and the kingdom of Naples j it 



is fowh in tilled ground in the fpring of the year, and 



is ripe in about four months after, when it is cut 



down in harvcft as Corn is in England -, the plants 



always perifh foon after the feeds are ripe : this plant 



grows about two feet high, with an herbaceous (talk, 



garnifhed with fmooth leaves divided into five lobes. 



yTheftalks fendout afewweak brajiches upward, which 



. aregarnifhed with leaves of the fame form but fmaller. 



•.The flowers are produced near the extremity of the 



tranches, at the foot-fl:alks of the leaves ; thefe have 



two large empalements, the butet* is cut into three 



parts, and the inner into five. 



■ flower are of a pale yellow colour, inclining to white \ 

 thefe are fucceeded by oval capfules, which open in 

 four parts, having four cells, which are filled with 

 feeds wrapped up in down,' which is the Cotton. 

 The fecond fort grows naturally in feveral iflands of the 

 Weft-Indies i this rifes with a flirubby fmooth fl:alk 

 four or five feet high, fending out a fev/ fide branches, 

 ^hich are garniihed with fmooth leaves, divided into 

 three lobes. The flowers are produced toward the 



K ^"d of the branches, which are Ihaped like . thofe of 



The petals of the 





the former fort, but are larrrer, an.] of d rxzl^^ 



yellow colour. The pods are" larger, and tlic feed:: 

 are black. 



The third fort hath a perennial ilirubby U:'.lk, v'hich" 

 rifcG fix or eight feet high, and divides i;uo n:any 

 Imooth branches, garnifl^.cd with hrmd fliaped leaves, 

 having four or h\'c lobes. 'J he flowers are produci^J 

 toward the end of the brar.chcs -, thefe arc lAr'-er tlun 

 thofe of the two former forts, and arc of a da^p vel- 

 lovv colour. The pods of this fort are laro-er than 

 thofe of the former. 



The fourth fort is a native of the Eafl: and Weft- 

 Indies, from whence; the feeds have been brou 

 to Europe \ this is alfo an annual plant, v/hich perifl^es 

 fbon after the feeds are ripe. It rifes to the height 

 three feet ormore, and fends outnlany laterai branches, 

 which extend tp a ^reat diftance, where they are al- 

 lowed 





ot 



room to 



^row 



thel 



hairv 



arc nairy, ana glr- 

 niflied with leaves, having in feme three, and others 

 five acute-pointed lobes, with fhort hairy dov*/n 

 bn their furface. 



The fiov/ers are produced from the 

 fide, and at the end of the branches \ thefe are large-; 

 of a dirty fiflphur colour, each pttal having a lar^e 

 purple fpot at the bafe, and are fucceeded by ov^al 

 pods, which open into four cells, which are filled with 

 oblong green feeds wrapped up in a foft down. Where 

 the plants have room to fpread, their branches vAW 

 produce four or five pods of Cotton upon each, Pj that 

 from a fingle plant, thirty or more pods may be pro- 

 ^duccd ; and each of thefe are as larg'e as m.iddling Ap- 

 ples, fo there will be a much greater produce from tllis 

 than from any other fort, and the ftaple is much finer ; 

 therefore it is well worth the attention of the inhabitants 

 of t!!fc Britifli colonies in America to cultivate and im- 

 prove this fort, fince it wallfucceed in Carolina, where 

 It it has been cultivated for fome years ; and might be 

 a commodity worthy of encouragement by the pub- 

 lic, could they contrive a proper gin to feparate the 

 Cotton from the feeds, to which this fort adheres 

 much clofer than any of the other forts, the Cotton 



fromthisflirubbeing preferable toanyother yet known. 

 All thefe forts are very tender plants, therefore will 



not thrive in the open air in England, but they are 



frequently fown in curious garden.^ forvariety: the firll 



and fourth forts will produce ripe feeds in En2,land, if 



their feeds are ibwn early in the fpring, upon a good 



hot-bed ; and when the plants are come up, planted 

 each into feparate pot?, and plunged i::to a hot-bed of 



* ' 



-* ' 



tanners bark to bring them forward j. and when they 

 are grown too tall to remain under the frames, re- 

 moved into the tan-bed in the ftove, a'nd fnifrcd into 

 larger pots, v^hen their roots have filled the othet ; 

 with this management I have had their flowers appear 

 in July, and toward the end of September the feeds 

 have been perfedlly ripe, and the po'ds as large as 

 thofe produced in the Eafl; and Weft-Indies 5 but if 

 the plants are not brought forward early in the 

 fpring, it will be late in the fummer before the flowers 

 will appear, and there will be no hopes of the pods 

 coming to perfeftion. ■ r ■. .; i:\. ,;.;.... 



The Shrub-ccuon w^ill rife from the fe^ds veiy eafily^ 

 if they are fown upon 4 good hot-bed ; and when 

 they are fown early in the fpring, and brought fotward 

 in the fame manner as hath been directed for the for- 

 mer forts, the plants will grow to be five or fix feet 

 high the fam'e fummer; but*it is difficult to preferve 

 the plants through the winter, unlefs they are harden- 

 ed gradually in Auguft during the continuance of the 

 warm weather ; for when they ^re forced on at that 

 time, they will be io tender, as to render them inca- 

 pable of refitting the leaft injury. The plants of this 

 fort muft be placed in the bark-ftove in autumn, 

 and kept in the firft clafs of heat, otherwife they will 

 not live through the winter in England. 

 GRAFTING is the taking a flioot from on& tree^ 

 and inferring it into another, in fuch a manner, as 

 that both may unite clofely, and become one tree 5 

 this is called by the ancient writers in hulbandry and 

 gardening, incifion, to diftlnguiiTi it from inoculate, 

 ing, or budding, which they call inferere oculosw i* 



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