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Grossularia {Uva Crifpa) raaiis aculcaii:;, e^^eclis, 

 " baccis glabris, Gcofebmy with erecl prickly branches, 



GroiTularia (implici acino, vel fpi- 



Goofeberry wth a f^agl^ 



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cndfinccth berries 

 nofa lylveftris. C. B. P. 455. 

 fruity or ivild prickly Goofebcrry. _ ^ • 



Grossularia [OxyacarahGides) ramis undique acu- 



Icatis. Goofeberry whofe branches are armed en all Jldes 



foliis amplioribus ' 



Goofeberry with 



rjcithfpi'^cs. GroiTularia oxyacanthic ic 

 e fmu Hudfonis. Pluk. Amalth. 212. 



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larger Hawthorn leaves from Hudfoyis Bay. 

 Grossularia {Cyncfbati) aculeis lubaxillaribus, baccis 

 aculeacis racemolis. Goofeberry zvith fpines en the tower 

 '' part cf the branches^ and prickly berries growing in cluf 

 ters. Ribes aculeis fubaxillaribus, baccis aculeatis 

 racemofis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 202. Currant with fpines on 

 the lower part of the branches^ and prickly berries growing 



' in bunches. 

 The forts which are here enumerated, are luppofed 



to be diitind fpecies ; but there are feveral other va- 

 rieties which have been obtained from feeds, and are 

 propagated for fale in the nurferies'; moll of thefe are 

 titled from the perfons who raifed them, as Lamb's 

 Goofeberry, Hunt's Goofeberry, Edwards's Goofe- 

 berry, &c. and as there are frequently new varieties 

 obtained, it is needlefs to enumerate them here, there- 

 fore I {hall proceed to their culture. 

 Thefe are propagated either by fuckers taken from 

 the old plants, or by cuttings ; the latter of which I 



, prefer to the former, becaufe thofe plants which are 



' produced from fuckers are always ipore difpofed to 

 Ihoot out a greater number of fuckers from their roots, 

 than fuch as are raifed from cuttings, which generally 

 form much better roots. 



The beft feafori for planting thefe cuttings is in au- 

 ' .; tumnj^uft before their leaves begin to fall ; obfervin 



, always to take the handfomeft ftioots, and from fuch 



'„ branches as generally produce the greateft quantity of 



fruit; for if you take thoie whiclrare produced from 



.. the Item of the old plants (which are commonly very 



luxuriant) they will not be near fo fruitful as thofe 



talcen from bearing branches: thefe cuttings fliould be 



- about fix or eight inches long, and mull be planted 

 in,a ^order of light earth, expofed to the morning 

 fun, about three inches deep, obferving to water them 



; gently Vhen the weather proves dry, to facilitate 

 their taking root ; and in the fummer, when they have 



.^Ut out branches, you Ihould rub off all the under 

 fhopts, leaving only the uppermoft or ftrongeft, which 

 fhould be trained. upright, to form a regular ftem. In 

 Oftober following thefe plants may be removed ; at 

 which time you mould prepare an open fpot of frefh 



which ihould be well dug, and cleanfed from 

 all noxious weeds, t;oots, &c. and being levelled, you 

 fiiould proceed to take up your plants, trimming their 

 roots, and cutting off all lateral fide branches ; then 

 plant them at three feet diftance row from rpw, and 



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y:'" ^ one foot afunder'in the rows, obferving to place fome 



• V ;. Ihort flicks to the plants, in order to train their ftems 



. '"-'■■ upright ari(l regular. / In this place they may remain 



one or two years, teing careful to keep them clear 



. from weeds, as alfo to trim off all lateral Ihoots which 



« are produced below the head of the plant, fo that the 



; : - ftem may be clear about a foot in height above the 



" ,:^ furface of the earth, which will be full enough 1 and 



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^ the branches are produced commonly very irregular 

 • i!l.the head, you muft cut' out fuch of them as crofs 

 '^ .^^^^.P^her, or thin them where they are too clofe, 

 ; whereby th^ head of the pla;nt will be open, and ca- 

 pable of adniitting the air freely into the middle, 

 which is of great ufe to all kinds of fruits. 

 After thefe plants have remained in this nurfery one or 

 t^o years at moft, tliey will be fit to tranfplant to the 

 places where they are defigned to remain \ for it is not 

 lo well CO let them grow in the nurferies too large 

 jvhich will occafion their roots to be woody, whereby 

 the removing of them will not only hazard the growth 

 .of jhe plants, but fuch of them as may take very well 

 ^^ Will remain ftined for two ^r three years, before, they 

 '.willbcabletorecovertheircheck. The foil in which thefe 

 f plants thrive to the greateff advantage, is" a rich light 



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earth ; tliough they wiU do verv' well upcn rrriddling 

 foils, which are noc too itrona; ur moiit, anci in all ii"^ 

 tua:ions; but v/licre the frua is cuhivated, in ord.T 

 to procure ic in the greateir porK'ction, t!iL'v ihould 

 never be planted :a cLet ihade cf other trees, bur nn:ii: 

 have a free open expolure. T!ie diilince tlicv c::i^ht 

 to be planted is eigiit feet row frorri row, and fix Icec 

 afonderin tlie rows. 7'hc heft fcaibn tor tranlplar.rirff 

 them is in Odober, when their leaves begin to decay j 

 obferving, as was before direcled, to prune their roots, 

 and trim olT all lateral Ihoo'cs, or iuch as crois each 

 other, fhortening all long'branches, fo as to make the 

 head regular. 



In the pruning of thefe flirubs moft people make ufe 

 of garden-fl-jcars, obferving only to cut the head round, 

 as is praftifed for Evergreens, &c. \vhereby the 

 branches become fo much crowded, that what fruit 



is produced, never grows to half the fize as it would 

 do were the branches thinned, and pruned according 

 to art ; which fhould always be done with a pruninp-- 

 knife, lliortening the (trong Hioots to about ten inches, 

 and cutting cut all thofe which grow irregular, thin- 

 ning the fruit-bearing branches where they are too 

 thick, obferving always to cut behind a leaf bud. With 

 this management your fruit will be near twice as larcre 

 as thofe which are produced upon fuch biifhes as are 

 not thus pruned, and the fhrubs will continue in vi- 

 gour much longer -, but you muft obferve to keep 

 the ground clear from weeds, and dig it at leafi; once 

 . a year; and every other year you ihould beftow a 

 - little rotten dung upon it, which will greatly improve 

 the fruit. : 



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It is a common pradice with the'gardeners near Lon^ 

 don, who have great quantities of thefe bufhes in 

 order to fupply the markets, to prune them foon after 

 Michaelmas, and then to dig up the ground between 

 the rows, and plant it with Coleworts for fpring ufe, 

 whereby their ground is employed all the winter, with- 

 out prejudicing the Goofeberries ; and in hard winters 

 thefe Coleworts often efcape, when thofe which are 

 planted in an open ex'pofure are all deftroyed ; and 

 thefe are generally pulled up for ufe in February or . 

 . March, fothat the ground is clear before the Goofe- 

 berries come out in the fpring; which is a piece of 

 hufbandry well worth praftifing where ground is dear, 

 or where perfons are confined for room. 

 GROVES arc the greateft ornaments to a garden, nor " 

 can a garden be complete which has not one or more 

 of thefe. In fmall gardens there is fcarce room to' ad- '. 

 mit of Groves of any extent, yet in thefe there (hould 

 be at leaft one contrived, which fhould be as large as 

 the ground will allow it ; and where thefe are fmall, 

 there is more {kill required in the dilpofirion, to give 

 them the appearance of being larger than they really 



are. 



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Groves have been in all ages held in p;reat veneration: " 

 the ancient Romans had a fort of Groves near feveral 

 of their temples, which were confecrated to fbme God, 

 and were called luci by antiphrafis, a non lucendo, > 

 as being Ihady and dark ; and thefe were dedicated to 

 holy ufes, being places of folitudQ and retirement, and 

 were never to be violated with the ax. ■ - ^ 



Thefe Groves are not only great ornaments to gar- 

 dens, but are alfo the greateft relief againft the violent 

 heats of the fun, affording (hade to walk under in the 

 hotteft part of the day, when the other parts of the 

 garden are ufelefs \ fo that every garden is defective 

 which has not ftiade. > . 



Groves are of two forts, viz. open and c|ofe Groves : 



open Groves are fuch as have large Ihady trees, which 

 ftand at fuch diftances, as that their branches may ap-^ 

 proach fo near each other, as to prevent the rays of 

 the fun from penetrating through them -, but as fuch 

 trees are a long time in growing to a proper fize fof 

 affording a n:)ade, fo where new Groves are planted, 

 the trees muft be placed clofer together, in order to 

 have fhade as foon as poffible j but in planting of thefe 

 Groves, it is much the beft way to difpofe all the trees 

 irregularly, which will give them a greater magnifi^ 

 cence,. and alfo forn\ a fliade fooner, than' when the 



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