G U A 



trees a/e planted in lines ; for when the fun fiiines 

 between tlic rows of trees, as it mulV do fome partot 

 the day in funimer, the walks between them will be 

 expofedto the heat at fuch times, until the branches 

 of thcfc trees meet ; whereas in the irregular planta- 

 tions, the trees intervene, and cbilrua the direct rays 

 of the fun, 



V\^hcn a perfon who is to lay out a garden, is fo 

 happy as to meet with large full grown trees upon the 

 fpot, theyfliould remain inviolate, if poffible; for it 

 will be better to put up v/ith many inconveniencies, 

 than to deftroy thefe, which will require an age to re- 

 trieve i fo that nothing but that of offending the ha- 

 bita-^ion, "by being fo near as to occafion great damps 

 or obdrufting fine views, fhould tempt the cutting 



of them down. . 



Moft of ti;e Groves which have been planted either 

 in England, or in thofe celebrated gardens of France, 

 arc only a few regular lines of trees -, many of which 

 are avenues to the habitation, or lead to fonje build- 

 ing, or objeft ; but thefe do not appear fo grand, 

 as thofe which have been made in woods where the 





trees have grown accidentally, and at irregular dif- 

 tances ; and v/here the trees have large ipreading 

 heads, and are left at fuch a diftance, as to permit 

 the Grafs to grow under them, then they afford the 

 greateft pleafure : for nothing is more noble than 

 fine fpreading trees with large ftems, growing through 

 Grafs, efpecially if the Grafs is well kept, and has a 

 good verdure \ befides, moft of thefe planted Groves 

 have generally a gravel-walk, made in a ftrait line be- 

 tween them, which gready offends the fight of perfons 

 who have true tafte ; therefore whenever a gravel- 

 walk is abfolutely neceffary to be, carried throvtgh 

 thefe Groves, it will be much better to twift it about, 

 according as the trees naturally ftand, than to attempt 

 regularity ; but dry walks under large trees are not fo 

 ufcful as in open places, becaufe the dropping of the 

 trees will render thefe walks ufelefs after rain, for a 

 confiderable time. • 



/ -■ -.? - 





, * * 



r- 



.■ « ^ - < - V.' 



Clofe Groves have frequently large trees {landing in 

 them, but the ground is filled under thefe with flirubs, 

 of under-wood \ fo that the walks which are made in 

 them are private, and fcreened from winds, whereby 

 iKcy arc rendered agreeable for walking, at fuch times 



wlieh the air is too violent or cold for walking in the 

 more cxppfed 

 Thefe are often contrived fo as to bound the open 

 Groves, and frequently to hide the walls, or other in- 

 clofure's of the garden ; and Vv'hen they are properly 

 laid out, v/ith dry walks winding through them, and 

 on the fides of thefe fweet-fmelling flirubs and flowers 

 irregularly planted, they have a charming effedt ; for 

 here a perfon may Walk in private, flickered from the 

 inclemency of cold or violent winds, and enjoy the 

 greater fweets of the .vegetable kingdom : therefore 

 where it can be admitted, if they are continued round 

 the whole inclofure 6f the garden, there will be a much 

 greater extent of walk ; and thefe flirubs will appear 

 the befl: boundary, when there are not fine profpects 

 to be ' ' 



gained. 







G 

 G 

 G 



Thefe clofe Groves are by the French termed bof- 

 quets, from the Italian word bofquet;to, which fignifies 

 a little wood, and in mofl:of the Frerv^h gardens there 

 are many of them planted ; but thefe\are reduced to 

 regular figures, as ovals, triangles, fquaves, and fl:ars ^ 

 which have neither the beavity or vifeNwhich thofe 

 have that are made irregularly, and whofe walks are 

 not fliut up on each fide. by hedges, which prevents 

 the eye from feeing the quarters ; and thefe want 

 the fragancy of the flirubs and flowers, which are 

 the great delight of thefe private walks : add to tiiis, 

 the keeping of the hedges in good order is attended 

 with a great ,expence, which is a capital thing to be 

 ilered in the making of gardens, 



U A I A B A R A. See Coccoloeos. 



ccinfic 



J 



JACUM 



See DiosPYRos. 



Plum. Nov, Gen. 39. tab. 17. Lin. 



Gen. Plant. 465. Lignum Vit^, orPockwood. 





G U A 



Th 





CiiAP.ACTERS are, 



^'he jicwer hath a concave cmp.L'-mcrJ- of one Uof^ ii:li.lj 

 is quinquefid. It hath five oblongs oval^ coruuve tetah 

 which are irfcrted in the enipalcmvut ^nJ j/k iUui cp.-i:^ a, ,[ 

 ten cretl fia7nina infer ted in the er-^pidanc^u^ teni.iira^J -. / 

 fmall ftimjnits. The fiyle is lo':g and j:c:u!er^ ih. 

 men is 4^val and poincrdy C7id the fligr.ta is fir^il, 

 fiender. The gery,icn afteri^jard becomes a haiy fytich 13 

 rcundiflo^ with an oblique pointy and deeply fiu rorjucd in^ 





clcfmg an oval hard feed. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firfl: feftion of 

 Linna^us*s tenth clafs, intitled Decandria Monofj-ynia 

 which includes thofe plants w^hof^ flowers have ten 

 fl:amina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are,. 



1. GuAjACUM {Officinale) foliolis bijugatis obtufis. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 381. Cunjacttm wi^o ohtufe lobes placed hj 

 pairs, Guajacum fiore ca:^ruleo, fruftu fubrotundo. 

 Plum. Nov. Gen. 391. Guajacuyn ivilh a blue flo 

 and a roundip fruit, ■ ■ 



2. Guajacum [SanBum) foliolis multijugatis obtufis. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 382. Guajacum with many pair of cbtufe 

 lobes. Guajacum fiore c^eruleo fimbriato, fruclu te- 



Tf^/"^ n 





V- 



tragono. Plum. Nov. Gen. ^gi, Guajacum with a blue 

 fringed floiva\ and a four-cornered fruit. 

 3. Guajacum (^^r?^;;^) foliolis multijugatis obtufis. Lin. 

 Sp. Plant. 382. Guajacum with many pair of acute- 

 pointed lobes. Guilandinoides. Hort. Cliff. 489. and 

 the Afra arbor acacia fimilis, fcliis myrti aculeatis 

 . fplendentibus. Boerh. Ind. alt. 2. p. 57. African-tree 

 . ' like the Acacia^ with fhining-, acute-pointed^ Myrtle leaves. 

 V The firft fort is the common Lignum Vitas, or Gua- 

 jacum, which is ufed in medicine, and grows naturally 

 .- in moft of the iflands in the Weft-Indies, v/here it ri'fes 

 ^^xx^ be a very large tree, having a hard, brittle, brcwn- 

 ;. ifli bark, not very thick ; the wood is firm, folid, and 



ponderous, appearing very rcfinous, of a blackifii yel- 

 low colour within, and of a hot aromatic tafhe \ the 

 : fmaller branches have an Al"h-coIoured bark, gar- ^ 

 niflbed with leaves, which are divided by pairs, each 

 pair having two pair of fmall, oval, blunt leaves 

 (or pinnae) of a ftiff" confiftence, and a lucid green ; 

 the flowers are produced in clufters at the end of the 

 branches, compofed of five oval concave petals, of 

 a fine blue colour j in the center of thefe is fixed a 

 ftyle with an oval germen, crowned by a flender ftig- / 

 ma ', and round this is fituated from ten to twenty ' 

 ftamina, which are as long as the ftyle, terminated by ■ 

 fickle-lhaped fummits. Dr. Linnaeus fuppofes the " ; . 

 flowers to have but ten ftamina, whereas they cer- 

 tainly have near twenty, , . • aV - 

 The bark and wood of this tree are much of the fame 

 nature, only the wood is accounted hotter ; they are 

 ufed in diet-drinks to purify and cleanfe the blood, 

 and to caufe fweating *, they are efteemed good for the 

 gout and dropfy, the king's-evil, and particularly '' 

 tor the French pox. The gum or refin, v/hich is black> 

 ftiining, and brittle, and when powdered, of a green- 

 ifli white colour, of an aromatic fmtU, and poignant 

 tafte, is fomewhat cathartic, and a good purge in 

 rheumatic cafes, to the quantity of tv/o fcruples 

 mixed with the yolk of an egg, and given in a con- 

 venient vehicle. . -- ' • 

 The wood of this tree is fohard as to break the tools 



m 



felling 



them, fo they are feldom cut down for 

 fire-wood', being difficult to burn ^ but the v/ood is of 

 great ufe to the fugar-planters, for making of v/heds 

 and cogs for the fugar-mills, &c. It is alfo frequently 

 brought to Europe, and wrought into bowls, and other 

 utenfils are made of the wood. 

 This tree can only be propagated by feeds, which 

 muft be procured from the countries where it naturally 



thefe fnuft be frefli, ctherwife they will not 

 grow ; when they arrive, they fliould be fown in pots 

 filled with lip-ht earth, and pluneed into a wod hot- 

 bed : if the feeds are good, and the bed in whicn they 

 are plunged is of a proper temperature of hear, the 

 plants will appear infix weeks or two months after; and 



in fix weeks will grow to be of ftrength enough more 



- tor 



grows 



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-w 



