GUN 



from whence the feeds were brought to England. 

 Tiiis in its native country rifes to the height of twenty- 

 five or thirty feet, with a ftrong ftem, covered with a 

 fniooth bark, which in the young branches is green, 

 but on the older it is of an Afti-colour -, the root grows 

 knobbed, and very thick. This, v/hen young, is fcraped 

 and uled by the inhabitants as Korfe-radifli is in Eu- 

 rope, having much the fame fliarp taftc ; the branches 

 are garniilied with decompounded winged leaves -, 

 thofc'which are fituated at the bafe have but three 

 leaves, but above, the leaves are branched out into fe- 

 veral divifions, which are again divided into fmaller, 

 having each five or fix pair of oval lobes, terminated 

 by an odd one i they are of a light green, and a little 

 hoary on their under fide. The flowers are produced 

 in loofe bunches from the fide of the branches •, they 

 are compofed of an unequal number of petals, from 

 five to ten i they have ten fliort ftamina furrounding 

 the germen, which afterward turns to a long taper 

 pod, including feveral angular feeds, covered with a 

 thin membrane. Thefe have a flavour like the root. 

 Thefe four forts are natives of warm countries, fo 

 will not live through the winter in England, unlefs 

 they are placed in a warm ftove, and the pots plunged 

 into the tan-bed. They are propagated by feeds, but 

 thofe of the two firft forts are fo hard, that unlefs they 

 are foaked two or three days in water before they are 

 put into the ground, or placed under the pots in the 

 tan-bed to foften their covers, they will remain years 

 in the ground without vegetating : when the plants 

 come up, th^y will be fit to tranfplant in a fhort time-, 

 then they Iliould befeach tranfplanted into a fmall pot 

 filled with light frefli earth, and plunged into a mo- 

 derate hot-bed of tanners bark, Ihading them till they 

 have taken frefh root j then they mull be treated in 

 the fame manner as other tender exotic plants, giv- 

 ing them a large Ihare of air in warm weather, and 

 but little water ; and when the plants nave ad- 

 vanced to be too tall to remVin in the franies, they 



. muft be removed into the bark-ftove and plunged in- 

 to the hot-bed, where they _^will make great progrefs, 

 provided they have not too much water, efpecially 



. during the winter feafon, for thefe plants are very im- 

 patient of moifture in cold weather, 



. The fourth fort requires the fame treatment as thofe 

 before-mentioned, but the feeds will grow without be- 



. ing flecped in water ; and the plants are with diffi- 

 culty Ihifted from one pot to another, for their roots 

 are large, flefliy, and have but few fibres j fo that un- 

 Icis great care is taken, all the earth will fall away 

 from them, which often caufes their (talks to decay 

 almoft to the root, and fometimes occafions the lofs 

 of the plants. I'his plant muft be fparingly watered 

 at all times, but particularly in cold weather, when 

 moifture will caufe them to rot in a fhort time. 

 The fifth fort grows naturally in Canada, from whence 



^ the plants were brought to Paris, where it has been 

 fome years cultivated; but about fourteen years paft, 

 it was firft brought to England. This, in the country 

 where it naturally grows, rifes with an eredt ftem to 

 the height of thirty feet or more, dividing into many 

 branches, which are covered with a bluifti Afti-colour- 

 ed bark very fmooth, and garniftied with large decom- 

 pounded winged leaves which are of the oval fhape, 

 very fmooth and entire, but are ranged alternate on 

 the midrib i thefe fall off in the autumn,, and new 

 ones come out late in the Ipring. 

 . There are male and female of this fort in different 

 plants ; as thefe have not as yet flowered in any of 

 the Englifli gardens, fo I can give no farther account 

 of them nor of the fruit, having never feen any of 

 - . tliem. This fort lives abroad in the open air, and 



/ IS nefver hurt by froft. It is propagated by cutting off 

 fome of the horizontal roots, which will caufe them to 

 flioot upward, fo it may be taken from the old root, 

 and planted in pots, whereby the plant may be mul- 

 tiplied, or by fuckers from the root. It requires a 

 light foil, nottoomoift. 



GUNDELIA. T0urn.C0r.5r. tab. 586. Lin. Gen. 

 ■ ^'lanr. 828. Hacub. Vaill. Ac. Reg. Scien. I7i8. 



GUN 



This plant was fo nam.ed by Dr. Tourn; forr, in ho- 

 nour of Dr. Gundclicheimer, who found it in hj^ ^,. 

 vels in company v/ith Dr. Touni.-f.>it !.-; ti.^ J-.?vanr 



The Chap.acters arc, 

 // bath an tiniform ttibidcus fiozver^ compoftd of mayy 

 hernuiphrodiie fiorels^ "sshicb are iiuirckd by' haves 

 They have but one petal u:huh is do fed at the hoticn:i i-'^ 

 fwells at the top, vjkere it is Jli^^hily cut into five fe^^ 

 7nents : they have five JJjort hairy fiamina^ tenuiymtcd^hi 



long cylindrical fianrniis. 



The oval germen 



is fituated 



at the bottom of the flower^ crovjnedhy frnail faks, fpp, 

 porting ajlender fiyle ^jjhich is k;:gcr than the petal ter- 

 minated by two revolving fligrnas. 'The germen afterv^ard 

 becomes a roundifio Jingle feed inclofed in the ccmrrsn recen- 

 tacky which Js conical^ and the fced^ cire ftparated by a 

 chaffy dotvni ., ,' 



This genus of plants is by Tournefort referred to his 

 twelfth clafs, which contains the herbs with flofcu- 

 lous flowers. Dr. Linnasus ranges it in the fifth fec- 

 .tionof his nineteenth clafs, intitled Syngenefia Poly- 

 gamia fegregata, which includes thofe plants whofe 

 flowers have a common empaiement, and each of the 

 florets are included in another. 



M 



We have but one diftin6t Species of this genus at 

 prefent in England, viz. 

 GuNDELiA. Lin. Sp. Plant. 814. There is no Englilh 

 title to this plant, but there are two varieties of it 

 mentioned by Tournefort, which are fuppofed to 

 arife from the fame feeds, as they were found <:^row- 

 ing promifcuoufly together. Thefe are, 



1. GuNDELiA {Tournefortii) Orientalis acanthi aculeati 

 . foliis, floribus intense purpureis, capite araneosa lanu- 



gine obfito. Tourn. Cor. 51. Eafiern Gundcliawith 

 prickly Bear'' s-breech leaves, deep purple flowers^ and a 

 - bead covered with a down like a cobweb, 



2. GuNDELiA {Glabro) Orientalis, acanthi aculeati fo- 

 lio, "capite glabro. Tourn. Cor. 51. Eafiern GundeJia 



. with a prickly Beards-breech leaf^ ani a fmooth head. ,. 

 This plant was difcovered By Dr. Gundelfcheim'er, 

 in company with Tourneforf, near Baibout in Arme- 

 nia, but has fince been foundgrowing naturally in fe- 

 veral places in the Levant, where it is generally found 

 in dry ftrong land. The ftalks of this plant feldom 

 rife more than a foot and a half high ; the under leam 

 are long, narrow, and fawed on their edges, their 

 teeth ending m a fpine ; the other leaves are broader, 

 which are irregularly flafhed to the midrib, and 

 armed at the points with fliarp prickles ; the ftalks 

 divide upward into feveral branches, which are armed 

 with leaves of the fame form, but are narrower ; ^d 

 each is terminated by a conical head of flowers, refem- - 

 bling thofe of Fuller's Thiftle, being furrounded at 

 the bafe by a circle of long, narrow, prickly leaves: 

 thefe heads are compofed of many hermaphrodite 

 florets, which are fhut up in the fcales, each having an 

 empaiement, and a germen with five ftamina furround-. , 

 ing it ; but there are few of the feeds which ripen 

 perfectly in each head, in the natural places of jts 

 growth. If rain happens at the time when the plants 

 are in flower, the germen periflies, which is the cafe 

 ■ with feveral other of thofe plants whofe flov/ers'are 

 coUedted into heads. 



■ 



Thefe plants are propagated by feed, which fliould 

 be fown the beginning of March, in a warm dry bor- 

 der of frefli, but lean earth^ in the place where the 

 plants are defigned to remain. When the plants come 

 up, they muft be carefully cleared from weeds ; ai 

 they grow large, they fliould be thinned, leaving 

 the plants which are defigned to remain, about two 

 feet afunder, that they may liave room to fpread. After 

 this there is no other culture required, but to keep 

 them clear from weeds ; and if the froft fliould prove 

 fevere in winter, the plants fliould be covered v/ith 

 ftraw or Peas-haulm to protect them, but this cover- 

 ing muft be taken off in mild weather ; in two years 

 they will produce their flowers, when they ^^'iH 

 make a fine appearance amongft otiier hardy plants 

 in the pleafure-garden. They flower in May, a^d 

 the plants lofe their ftalks and leaves in autumn, 



but their roots will abide many years. 



GYP- 



