H 



D 



iniddle one fits upon a foot-ftalk an inch long -, the 

 flowers are produced in long fpikes from the wings 

 of the ftalk, growing ered-, the lower pare of the 

 fpike is but thinly fct with flowers, but on the upper 

 part they are difpofed very clofe ; thcfe are fmall, and 

 of a brif^ht yellow colour, fitting very clofe to the llalks, 

 and are fucceedcd by jointed pods ftrait on one fide. 

 This plant is propagated by feeds, and requires the 

 fame treatment as the laft mentioned, with which it 

 will flower and produce ripe feeds. 

 The eighteenth fort grows naturally in Syria, where 

 it is one of the beauties of the country. If rifes with 

 fhrubby ftalks about three feet high, which branch 

 out on every fide, and are garniflied with fingle leaves, 

 Hiaped like thofe of the broad-leaved Knot-grafs; they 

 are very fmooth, of a pale green colour, and Hand on 

 Ihorc foot-fl:alks ; under thefe leaves come out thorns, 

 . wlfich are near an inch long, of a reddilh brown co- 

 lour -, the flowers come out from the fide of the 

 branches in fmall cluflrers •, they are of a purple colour 

 in the middle, and reddilh about the rims ^ thefe are 

 fucceeded by pods, which are ftrait on one fide, and 

 jointed on the other, bending a little in Ihape of a 

 fickle. This plant is at prcfent pretty rare in the 

 Englifli gardens -, it is propagated by feeds, which will 

 frequently lie a year in the ground before they vege- 

 tate, therefore fhould be fown in pot's filled with light 

 earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed ; and if 

 the plants do not appear by the beginning of June, 

 the pots fhould be taken out .of the bed, and placfed 

 where they may have qnly^ the m9rning fun, keeping 

 them clean from weeds ^ and in the autumn, they 

 Jhould be plunged into an old bed of tanners bark un- 

 der a frame, where they naay be fcreened from th 



H 



Eaft-Indies ; this is an annual planr,'v/hich rifcs about 



three feet high, having a flender Italk inclining to be 



flirubby, garniflicd with oval leaves placed fingle on 



very fhortfoot-flialks; fomcof the plants fend outonc- 



or two fiender branches from' the main ftalk, thi^ 



lower part of which are garniflicd with leaves of the 



fame form with thofe on the principal ftalk, but are 



fmaller : the upper part of the principal ftalk and the 



branches are garnilhed with fiov/ers near a foot in 



length, which are of a worn-ouc purple colour, 



ftanding fingle at each joint : thcfe arc fucceeded bv 



jointed pods an inch and a half long, containing three 



or four kidney-ftiaped feeds in each. 



Thefe two forts are too tender to thrive in the open 



air in England •, they are both propagated by feeds, 



which muft be fown on a hot-bed early in the fpring ; 



and when the plants are come up, and fit to remove, 



they fhould be parted, and each planted in a fe- 



parate fmall pot, plunging them into a frefn hot-bed, 



where they fliould be fcreened from the fun till they 



' have taken new root ; after v/hich, they fhould be 



treated in the fame rrianner as other tender plants. 



The twenty-firft fort muft be placed in the bark-ftove 



in autumn, but the other will ripen feeds the fame 



- year the beginning of Oftober. 



HEDYSARUM Zeylanicum m.^us & minus. See 



■ ^^SCHYNOMENE. 



HEDYSARUM mimof^ foliis. See ^schyno- 



HELE'NTUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 863. Heleniaf- 

 trum. Vaill. Aft. R. Par. 1720. Baftard Sun flower. 

 The Characters are, "'^- 



' M. *. 



\. 



I 



// hath a flower compofed of fever al hermaph'cdite florets^ 



which form the difk^ and female half florets 'which com- 



froft and hari rains In the winter, and in fpring plunged I pofe the rays. The hermaphrodite florets are iubulous^ 



into a frefti hot-bed, which will bring up the plants : 



and cut into five parts at the brim \ thefe have each five 



\ . 



whenthefe are fit to remove, they ftiould be each planted I' Jh&rt hairy ftamina^ terminated by cylindrical fummitSy 



into a feparate fmall pot, filled with light earth, and 

 plunged into a very moderate hot-bed, ftiadingthem 



with an oblong germen fupporting a fiender ftyle^ crowned 

 by a bifid ftigma, The germen afterward becomes an an 



from the fun till they have taken new root ; then they 1 j gular fingle feed^ crowned by a fmall five-pointed empale- 



' ffibuld be gradually hardened to bear the open air, in- . ment. The female fiorets in the border have floort tubes^ 



to which they ftiould be removed in June, placing I , and are ftretched out on one fide like a tongue to form the 



them in a ftieltered fituation, where they may remain I ■ ray ; thefe are cut into fi.ve fegments at their points^ where 



v' 



till the autumn ; when, if they are plunged into an old 

 tan-t)ed under a frame, where, in mild weather they 

 may enjoy the free air, and be protected from froft, 

 they will fucceed better than if placed in agreeh- 

 houfe, or more tenderly treated. I have feen this plant 

 growing in the full ground, in a very -v^arm border, 

 where, by covering it in frofty weather, it had endured 

 two winters, but 1 fevere froft happening the third 

 winter entirety killed it. ' 



they are broad. The female fiowers have no ftamina^ 



ff -.. 



.^■:* * 



From this ftirub^tbe Perfian Manna is colledted, 

 ^which is an exfudation of the nutritious juice 'of the 

 plant. This drug is chiefly gathered about Tauris, 

 a town in Perfia, where the flirub grows plentifully. 

 -Sir George Wheeler fpuncl it growing in Tinos, and 

 fuppofed it was an undefcribed plant. -'Tourriefort 

 lound It m plenty in many of the plains in Armenia 

 and Georgia, and made a particular genus of it under 

 the title of Alhagi. 



.The nineteenth fort grow? naturally in India, from 

 whence the feeds have ijeen lately brought to Europe, 

 and feveral plants have been raifed in the Englifti ear- 



V 



.';■' »-«7 





^^- 



but have an oblong germen^ which turns to a fingle feed 

 like thcfe of the hermaphrodite fiowers •, thefe are all in- 

 cluded in one commonftngle empalementy which fpreads open^ 

 and is cut into feveral figment s, ' ■ -' ^^ 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fecond fedion of 

 Linn^us's nineteenth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 which Have compound flowers, the hermaphrodite 

 florets in the' center, and the female half floitfts on 

 the border, 'being both fruitful. 



f- 



The Species are, 





:x4-'^ 



V .4 



- 'J 



■" -, 



' r 



I. 



t. 



! 



Helenium (Autumnale) foliis lanceolatis-linearibus 

 integerrimis glabris, pedunculis nudis unifloris. He- 

 lenium with fpearfhaped 'narrow leaves^ which 



5 



' 



-\ 



iT 



are 

 entire, and naked foot-fialks with Jingle fiowers. 



Helehfaftrum folio lohgiore & anguftiore, Vaill. Aft. 



' R. Par. 1 720. Baftard Sun-fiower with a longer and 



■: narrower leaf. ' • - •/ v 



2. Helenium {Latifolium) foliis lanceolatis acutjs fer- 



: ratis, pedunculis brevioribus, calycibus multifidis* 



\ Helenium with pointed, fpear-fioaped, fawed leaves, fljorter 



^ foot-ftalksl and a many-pointed einpalcraent. ' Heleniaf- 



trum folio breviore&latiore. Vaill. A6t. R. S. 1720. 



^Baftard Sun-flower with a broader andjhorter leaf. . '• 



Thefe plants rife to the height of fix or feven feet in 



good ground \ the roots, when large, fend up a great 



number of ftalks, which branch toward the top; 



thofe of the firft fort are garniftied with fmooth leaves, 



ng fupport, rifing to "the height often or \ which are three inches and a half long, and half an 



inch broad in the middle, with entire edges fitting 

 clofe to the ftalks, and from their bafe is extended a 



i 



dens J thefe have leaves fo like thofe of the Orange- 

 , tree, as fcarcely to be diftinguilhed while young'; but 

 as there are not any plants here of a large fize, fo I 

 can give no further account of this fort at prefent. 

 •The twentieth fort, was fent me from Carthagena in 

 New Spain, by the late Dr. Houftoun : this is a peren- 

 nial plant with a twining ftalk, which twifts round any 

 ^neighbouring fupport, rifing to "the height of ten or 

 twelve feet, fending out a few fmall branches from 



the fide, garniftied with oval leaves four or five inches , 



lo^-g, and an inch and a half broad in the middle ; the | leafy border along the ftalk, fo as to form what was 



binder fide of the leaves are like fattin ; the flowers are 



^hite, coming out from the fide of the ftalk in clofe 



bunches ^ they are ^bf the fame form with the other 



Ipecies of this genus, and are "fucceeded by fhortpods, 



^ntaining one or two kidney-fhaped feeds. ' * 



The feeds of the twenty-firft fo^t I received from the 



generally termed a winged ftalk, but Linnaeus calls it 

 a running leaf; the upper part of the ftalk divides, 

 and from each divifion arifes a naked foot-ftalk 

 about three inches long, fuftaining one yellow flower 

 at the top, fhaped like a Sun-flower, but much 

 fmaller, having long rays, which are jagged pretty 



6 P ^ deep 



. * 



