H E L 



the plants oA'i^ grown fix inches high, they may be 

 taken up with balls of earth to their roots, and plant- 

 ed into the large borders of the pleafure-garden, ob- 

 jorviij- to waicr them till they have taken new root-, 

 aicer v/h:ch they will require no other care, but to 

 k'jep Uit:\) clear from weeds. 



In July the great flowers upon the tops of the ftcms 

 will appear, amongfl which, the bcft and nioft dou- 

 ble flowers of each kind fhould bepreferved for feeds ; 

 for thofe which flower lat^r upon the fide branches 

 are neither fo fair, nor do they perfect their feeds 

 fo v/ell, as thofe which are firfl: in flower : when 

 the flowers arc quite faded and the feeds are formed, 

 you fiiould carefully guard the heads from the fpar- 

 rows, which will otherwife devour mofl: of the good 

 feeds -, and about the beginning of October, when 

 the feeds are ripe, you fliould cut off the heads 

 with a fmall part of the ftem, and hang them up in 

 a dry airy place for about a month, by which time 

 ' the feeds will be perfeftly dry and hard ; when you 

 may eafily rub them out, and put them into bags or 

 papers, preferving them from vermin until the feafon 

 for fowing them. 



The feeds of this fort of Sun-flower are excellent food 

 for domefliic poultry ; therefore where a quantity of it 

 can be faved, it will be of great ufe, where there are 

 quantities of thefe fowls. 



The other perennial forts rarely produce feeds in 

 England, but mofl: of them increafe very fafl: at their 

 . roots, efpecially the creeping rooted kinds, which 

 . fpread too far for fmall gardens. - The fecond fort, 

 which is the mofl: common in the Englifti gardens, is 

 the largefl: and mofl: valuable flower, and is a very 

 proper furniture for large borders in great gardens, as 

 alfofor bofquets of large growing plants, or to inter- 

 mix in fmall quarters with flirubs, or in walks under 

 .trees, where few other plants will thrive^ it is alfo 

 . : a great ornament to gardens 'within theHty, where it 

 ^ grows in defiance of the fmoke, better than mofl: 

 I ".; other pUntsj and for its long continuance in flower, 

 ^C^deferves a place in mofl: gardens, for the fake of its 

 ,, ^flowers forbalbns, &c. to adorn halls and chimneys, 

 'w.in a feafon wheji we are at a lofs for other flowers. 

 i^It begins flowering in July, and continues until Oc- 

 ^V. tober; there is a variety of this with very double 

 ^ flowers^ which is now become fo common in the 



H E L 



+ 



when their fl:ems decay, the roots miy be taken n 

 for ufe. Thefe fliould be j)lintcd inlonn* remurL-cu-^. 

 ner of the garden, for they arc very uiifi^^hdy \\]„u 

 growing, and their roots are apt toovcr-run whatever 

 grows near them, nor can thc7 be eaflly dcllrovcJ 

 when they are once well fixed in a garden. 



The other fpecies which have been' ranged under th- 

 genus by Tournefort and others, are now removed to 

 the following genera, under wliich titles th-v j^ay 



t-^ rf*^ ^ y-^ M T Ut #--1 • 



be found. 



Corona Solis. See 



HELICTERES. 



Coreopsis. 

 Helenium. 



rudbeckia, 



SiLPKIUM. 



Lin. Gen. PI 



a 



^^- 9^3- Ifora. 



Plum. Nov. Gen. 34. tab. 37. Screv/-trce. 



The Characters are, 

 Tite fl€wer has a coriaceous cmpaleracnt of one kt^f 

 which is narrow at bottom^ but fpreads open at the top 

 where it is indented in five parts. Thefiozvcr hath five 

 oblong equal petals^ which are longer than the empale- 

 ment to which they are fixed. It hath ten floort fiamina 

 at the bafe of the germcHy terminated by oblong fummit 5 

 and five neSariums furrounding the germen^ which have 

 the appearance of petals. The ftyle is very long^ fender 

 and fupports the germen at the top, which is 7'oundifj^ 

 and crowned by an acute fiigma. The germen afterward 

 turns to a twtfted fpiral fruit with one cell, inclofing many 

 kidney ~fh aped feeds. 



This genus of plants is ranged in the fixth fedion of 

 Linnseus's twentieth clafs, which includes thofe plants 

 whofe flowers have itn fl:amina which are connected 

 to the fl:yle. , :- 



.The Species are, '^ 



Helicteres {Ifora) foliis cordato-ovatis ferratis, fub- 

 >tus tomentofis, fruftu tereti cpntorto. HeliEieres "joith 

 oval heart-fhaped leaves which are fawedy and woolly on 

 their under fide , and a taper^twified fruit. Ifora althses 

 ...foliis, fruftu longigre & .anguftioi:c. Plum. Nov. Gen. 

 .'24. Screw-tree with MarffomaUow kaves^ and a lender 

 , narrower fruit. ^^ .-:>,■' ^. 



2. "Helicteres {Breviore) foliis coVdatlsacuriiinatis fer- 

 ratis, fubtus tomentofis, fruftu brevi coritdfto. He- 

 liSeres with beart-flmped^ point ed^ fawed leavesyipoollj 

 on their underside, and afioort twijled fruit, Ifora al- 



, thiae foliis, fruftu breviore & crafllore. Plum. Nov. 

 34'. Scre%v~tree with n Marjhmallow leaf and a fborter 

 thicker fruit. 

 The third, fourth, fifth, fixth, and feventh forts may | ^.ti^hicys.^Y.s {Arborefcens) caule arboreo villofo, fo- 

 liis cordatis crenatis nervofis fubtus tomentofis fruftu 



%._ 



, iJEngiifh gardens, as to have almoft banifhed the fingle 

 ' fort from hence. 



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alfo have a place in fome large borders of the garden, 

 for the variety of their flowers ; which, though not 

 ; fo fair as thofe of the common fort, yet will add to 

 the diverfity ; and as many of them are late flowerers, 

 fo we may continue the fuccefllon of flowers longer in 

 ., the feafgn. 



■ Thefe forts are all of them very hardy, and will grow 



in almoft any foil or fituatlon; they are propagated by 



parting their roots into fmall heads, which in one 



year's time will fpread and increafe greatly. ^The 



befl: feafon for this work is injhe middle of Odpber, 



foon after the flowers are paft, or very early in the 



fpring, that they may be well footed l)eto?e the 



droughts come on ; otherwife their flowers will be few 



in number, and not near fo fair, and by this means 



^their roots will be weak ; but if they are planted in 



C; ;06tober,' you Vill fave the trouble of watering them ; 



/their roots being furely fixed before the dry weather, 



" they will need no other trouble than to clear them from 



. weeds. i . ■ \ ^ j: . ; . , a.. ^; _ 



• The jerufalem Artichoke is propagated in many gar- 



-.^.densfor the roots, which are by fome people as much 



\ efteemed as Pota^toes j but they are more watery and 



'.. fialliy, and are very fubjeft to tro,uble the belly by 



^, 'Aeir windy quality, which hath brought them almofl: 



intodifufe. . .•. .. 



Thefe are propagated by planting the fmaller roots, 

 or the larger ones cut in pieces, obferving to prcferve 

 a bud to each feparate piece, either in the fpring or 

 autumn, allowing them a good difl:ance, for their 

 roots will greatly multiply j the autumn foUowino-, 



-^' -t ^ 



> J -- 



* » 



I ■ 



ovato contorto villofiflimo. HcliSIeres with a trecdike 

 hairy ft alky heart-fhaped^ nervous ^ crenated leaves^ "jnoolly 

 on their under fide ^ and an oval, twifted, very hairy fruit. 

 Ifora altha^^e folio amplifllmo, fruftu crafifllmo & vil- 



, lofo. Edit, prior. Screw-tree with a very large M^r/b- 



mallow leaf and a very thick hairy fruit. 



. The firfl: fort grows naturally in the Bahama IHands, 



. from whence I received the feeds. ' This rifes with a 

 fhiubby fl:alk five or fix feet high, fending out 'Seve- 

 ral lateral branches, which are covered with a foft 

 yellowifla down, garniflied with heart-fliaped leaves 

 four inches long, and two and a half broad, fawed 

 on their edges, woolly on theii* under fide, fl:anding 

 on long foot-fl:alks ; at the upper part of the branches 

 the flowers come out oppofite to the leaves, upon 



. .flehder foot-fl:alks which are jointed ; thefe are com- 

 polecl of five oblong white petals, and in the' cen- 

 ter arifes the ftyle, which is curved, ' three inches 

 long, upon the top of wliich is fituated the germen, 

 crowned by an acute fl:igma. The germen afterward 

 turns to a taper fruit two inches and a half long, 

 compofed of five "capfules," which are clofely twilted 



. over each other like a fcrew \ thefe are hairy, and 

 have each one cell, containing feveral kidney-fhapcd 

 feeds. . . : 



The fecond fort grows naturally in Jamaica, froni 

 whence the late Dr. Houfl:oun fent me the feeds. 



. This rifes with a flbrubby fl:alk nine or ten feet high, 



: fending out many lateral branches, covered with a 

 fmooth brown bark, garniflied with heart-fhaped 



leaves, 



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