the tu 



H E L 



HELIOTROPIUM. Lin. Gen. Plant. 164. ToUrn. 

 Infl. R. H. 138. tab. s^]. ['HA^olfoVw, of "HaiS>^, the 

 fun, and Tfkw, to turn.] Turnfole. 



The Characters are, 



<the empaiement of the fiower is of one leaf tubulous at 



lottcm^ but cut into five fegmotts at the brim, 'The flower 



hath one petaU "tiitb a tube the length of the empaiement^ 



fpreading flat ahove^ where it is cut into five fegments^ 



which are alternately larger than the other •, the chaps of 



ibe is clofed^ and hath five prominent fcales^ joined in 



form of a-ftar. It hath five floor t ftamina within the 



tube^ terminated by fmall fummits, and four gernun at 



■ the bottom of the tube^ with one flender ftyle the length of 



the ftamina^ crowned by an indented ftigma, Thegermen. 



afterward becomes fo many feeds^ fitting in the empaiement. 



This Rcnus of plants is ranged in the firft fedtion of 



Linnseus's fifth clafs, intitled Pentandria Monogynia, 



which includes thofe plants whofe flowers have five 



ftamina and one ftyle. 



The Species are, 



1. Heliotropium {Europ.vum) foliisovatis integerrimis 

 tomentofis rugofis fpicis conjugatis. Hort. Upfal. 33. 

 Heliotrope with oval^ entire^ woolly^ rough leaves^ and 

 conjugated fpikes. Heliotropium majus Diofcoridis. 

 C. B. P. 253. The greater Turnfole of Diofcorides. 



2, Heliotripium {Indictim) foliis cordato-ovatis acutis 

 fcabriufculis, fpicis folitariis, fru6libus bifidis. Flor. 

 Zeyl. yo. Heliotrope with heart-Jhaped oval leaves^ which 



' £ire pointed and roughs fingle fpikes of flowers and bifid 



' feeds. ^ Heliotropium Americanum cceruleum, foliis 



hormini. Acad. Reg. Sc. Blue American Turnfole with 



H E L 



minus lithofpermi foliis. Smaller Heliotrope with leaves 

 like GrcmwelL 



10. Heliotropium {Procumbens) caule procumbente 

 foliis ovatiis tomentofis integerrimis, fpicis folitariis 

 terminalibus. Heliotrope with a trailing ftalk^ oval 

 woolly^ entire leaves^ and f.ngle fpikes of fiowers tc?'mi- 

 nating the branches, Heliotropium Americanum iupi- 

 num &tomcntofum, foliis fubrotundis. Houft. MSS 

 Low American woolly Heliotrope with roundifh leaves, 



11, Heliotropium (Americanum) foliis oblongo-ovatis 

 tomentofis, fpicis conjugatis terminalibus, caule fru- 

 ticofo. Heliotrope with oblongs oval, woolly leaves and 

 double fpikes of flowers terminating the ftalk^ which is 

 flmibby . ' ■ ¥Lt\\otTopium Americanum frutefcens & 

 tomentofum, foliis cblongis, floribus albis. Houft, 

 MSS. Shrubby and woolly American Heliotrope^ with 

 oblong leaves and white flowers. 



The firft fort grows naturally in the fouth of France 

 in Spain, Italy, and moft of the warmer countries in 

 Europe. It is an annual plant, which fucceds bet- 

 ter from feeds which fcatter in the autumn, or Town 

 ■ at that feafon, than in the fpring ; for v;hen they are 

 fown in the fpring, they icldom come up the fame 

 year ; but if the plant is once obtained, and the feeds 

 fuifered to (lied, it will maintain itfelf without any 

 trouble, requiring no other culture but to keep it 

 clean from weeds, and 



are too clofe* 



thin the plants where they 



• 



This rifes about kvtn or eight inches high, dividincr 

 into two or three branches, garniftied with oval roucrh 

 leaves, two inches long and one broad in the middle, 

 of a light green, ftanding upon pretty long foot-ftalks 



3 



Clary leaves. 

 Heliotropium 



ovatis acuminatis rugofis, fpicis folitariis graciliori- I the branches in double fpikes, joined at the bottom, 

 bus alaribus & terminalibus. Heliotrope with fpear- 



{Horminifolium) foliis lanceolato- I alternately •, the flowers are produced at the end of 



floaped oval leaves^ which are roughs and end in acute 

 points^ having flender fMgle fpikes of flowers" proceeding 



. from the fides and tops of the /^/^j.''/ Heliotropium 

 Americanum cceruleum, foliis hormini ane;uftiori- 

 bus. H. L, Blue American Turnfole with narrower Clary 



. leaves. :--, - : 





V *- J -^ . - ■ - 





T>iVA., 'rl* 



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V 



4. Helitropium {Capifatiim) foliis oblongo-ovatis in- 



/"tegerrimis glabris fubtus incanis, "floribus capitatis 

 "■^'■alaribus, caule arborefcejite. Heliotrope with oblongs 



^. cval^ entire^ fmooth leaves^ which are hoary on their un- 



v/hich are about an inch and a half lon^, turning 



-Backward like a fcorpion's tail. The flowers are 

 r white, and appear in June and July ; the feeds ripen 



- in autumd, foon aft'er which the plant decays. 



■The fecond fort grows naturally in the Weft-Indies, 



This is annual ; the ftalk rifes a foot and a half, or 



two feet high, branching out to'warci tlietop: the 



leaves are rough and hairy, ftanding upon pretty long 



, foot-ftalks ; they are two inches and a half long, 



■ and one and a half broad in the middle, ending in 



:"* der fide^ flowers growing in Beads fromlh'e wings of the 



flalks, and a tree-like flalk. Heliotropium arborefcens, 



'folio teucrii, flore albo in capitula denfa congefto. 



" Boerh. Ind. Tree-like Turnfole^ with a Germander leaf 



~ and white flowers growing in thick floor t heads. - • 



5. Heliotropium (C^w^nV;?/^) foliis ovatis crenatis op- 



pofitis, floribus capitatis alaribus dichotomis, caule 



arborefcente. Heliotrope with oval crenated leaves placed 



' 'dppoflte^ flowers growing in heads from the wings of the 



Heliotro- 



■■ acute points; the flowers are produced toward th« 



- end of the branctfes in fingle fpikes, which arc fix 



inches long, turning backward at the top like the 



other fpecies. The flowers are blue, and appear in 



' JiiTy and 



Oftober. 



the feeds ripen in September and 





which diverge^ and a tree-like flalk. 



■ pium Canarienfe arborefcens, folio fcorodonas. Hort. 



Amft, Canary tree-like Turnfole,, with a Wood Sage leaf 



6. Heliotropium (Peruvianirni) foliis lanceolato-ovatis, 



caule fruticofo, fpicis numerofis aggregatp-corymbo- 



fis. Lin. Sp, 187. Peruvian Helitrope with oval fpear- 



' , fljaped leaves^ a fhrubby flalk^ and many fpikes of fiowers 



joined in 'Utofymbusl 



%. Hbliotropium (C»r^^X7V|/;??) foliis lanceolato-linea- 

 " '\ribus glaKris aveniis, fpicis conjugatis. Hort. Cliff". 45. 

 '-Heliotrope with narrow,, fpear-fljaped^ fmooth leaves with- 

 ^"'cut vetnSy ^and conjugated fpikes of flowers. : Heliotro- 



_' -- ^-^i^ I i-r - / 



i Wi'^ -V 



-■ i*rf 



■-^ 



ium. Curaffavicum, foliis lini umbilicati. Par. Bat. 

 'Trod.Heliotrope ofCuraJjao, with a VejtusNavelwort leaf 



8. Heliotropium [Gnaphalodes) foliis linearibus obtu- 



~-^ fi3 ' tomentofis, pedunculis dichotomis^ fpicarum flo- 



,ribus quaternis,, caule frutefcente. Lin. Sp, 188. He- 



f""liotr ope with linear,, obtiije^ woolly leaves ^forked foot -flalks,, 



'-^■with four^ fpikes of fl.owers and a fhrubhy flalk. He- 

 liotropium arbbreum maritimum, tomentofum, gna- 

 phalii American! foliis. Sloan. Cat. 93. Tree maritime 

 woolly Heliotrope^ with a Sea Cudweed leaf 



g, Heliotropium (Fruticofum) foliis lineari-Ianceolatis 

 pilofis, fpicis -folitariis feflilibus. Lin. Sp. 187. He- 

 liotrope with linear, fpear-fljaped, hairy leaves^ and fingle 



" fpikss of flowers ftt ting clofe to the flalk. Heliotropium 



- _ »i 



t'— 



The third fort grows naturally in the Weft 

 This is a fmaller plant than the former, feldom grow- 

 ing above two feet high \ the leaves are one inch and 

 a half long, and about half an inch broad ; the fpikes 

 of flowers are very flender, and not more than two 

 inches long ; the flowers are fmall, and of a light blue 

 colour. They appear at the fame time with the for- 



■*mer, and the feeds ripen in autumn; ■ '■,■ i /..,"• 

 The feeds of thefetwo forts muft be fown on a hot-bed 

 in the fpring, and when the plants are fit to remove, they 

 niuft be tranfplanted on another hot-bed to bring them 

 ■forward, treating them In the fame way as the Balfa- 



• mine, and other tender annual plants -, and in June 

 they may be taken up with balls of earth, and planted 

 in the borders of the flower-garden, where they will 

 'flower, and in v/arm feafons produce ripe feeds, to 

 The fourth fort rifes with a ftirubby ftalk fix orfc- 

 ven feet high \ the young branches are clofely covered ■ 

 with a white down, and the leaves on thofe are very 

 hoary and entire, but thofe on the older branches are 

 greener, and fome of them are notched on their, edges j 

 at' each joint of the ftalks 'coniq out two ftaort branches 

 oppofite, which are garniflied with fmall hoary leaves 

 placed oppofite : theie, v/hen bruifed, emit a ftrong 

 odour, which to fome perfons is very difagreeable, out 

 others are pleafed with it. The plants rarely flower 

 in England, for in near forty years which I have cul- 

 tivated them, I have but once feen them in flower. 

 The flowers are white, coUefted in roundifh head?, 

 wliich turn backward, arid fit clofc to the branches ; 



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