E L 



anJ management like the eighth fort, fo, unlcfs fur 



the fake of variety in botanic garJcns, they are not 

 - worch cultivating here. 

 H K L L E B O R E. See Hei.leborus. 

 HELLEBORINE. See Serapias and Lima- 



' DOR17M. 



HELLEBOROIDES H Y E M A L I S. 



Helleborus. 



IlELLEBORO RANUNCULUS. 



See 



See 



Trollius. 

 HELLEBORUS. Lin. Gen. Plant. 622. Tourn. 



Inft. R. H. 271. tab. 144. [^EAAeg^pt^.] Black Hel- 

 ' 'lebore, or Chriftmas flower j in French, Ellebore- 



Noire. 



. The Characters are, 



'The flowers bath no empalement '^ it hath five large 

 roundijh petals^ which are permanent^ and many [mall 

 ne^arii placed circularly^ each being of cite piece, ivith 

 a narrow tube at the bottom, divided at the brim into two 

 lips, the under being floort and indented-^ it hath a great 

 number of fiamina, terminated by compreffedere£f fum^nits, 

 and feveral germen, which are comprejfed, fupporting 

 cwl~fiaped ftyles, crowned by thick ftigfnas- The germen 

 afterward turn to comprejfed capfules with two keels^ 

 the lower being fhort, and the upper convex, which are 

 filled with round feeds adhering to the feam. .■ 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the feventh feftion 

 of Linnaeus's thirteenth clafs, intitled Polyandria Po- 

 lygynia, which includes thofe plants whofe flowers 

 have many ftamina and fl:yles 



/ V The Species are, 



I. Helleborus {F^tidus) caule piultifloro foliofo, fo- 

 liis pedatis. Lin. Sp. Plant. 784. Hellebore with many 

 flowers on a ftalk, which are intermixed with leaves', and 

 ramofe leaves fitting on the foot-ftqlk, Hellgborus.niger 

 foetidus. C. B. P. Stinking Black Hellebore, Bears-foot, 



cr Setterwort.^ - ::\^;**^ :Z.:.:.hri.:^^: 



%. Helleborus {Viridis) caule multiflofo foliofo, foliis 



'■ .^igitatis. Lin^ Sp..Plaj;it. 558. jf7(?ZJ?^^^ 



'^flowers on a ft alky which are intermixed with leaves, and 



band-floaped leaves. - Helleborus higer hortenfis, fibre 



5 yiridi. C. B. P. Creen flowered Black HelkbmX' or 



3*. Helleborus {Niger) fcapo^ fub-unifloro jTub-nudo, 

 * foliispedatis. Hort. Upfai. 'i^i.^^Hellebbh with one 

 \flo\ver onaftalk,'~wbich is^nake'i^ and hdnd-fhaped leaves 



- \J}f^^^Z'^^ ^he foot'flalk. .'iidl^horm niger, fiore albo> 

 . etiam interdum valde rutente. T. B. True Black Hel- 

 lebore, or Chriftmas Rcfh. ' ^ 



^ * 



I 



^ r^ ' -t 



4. Helleborus {Trifolius) caulef multifioro, foliis ter- 



■ jiatis integerrimis. Hellebore /with ^many fig^tjom on a 

 fialk, and leaves compofed of three entire lobes,, ' Helle- 

 borus niger trifoliatus, Hort. Farn. Trifoliate Black 

 Hellebore. ,,_ - . ' ' ' * '\ '•■-';*'-':':'. 



5; Helleborus (Hyemalis) flora folio infidente.' Hort. 

 ClitF. 227. Hellebore with the fl^pwer fitting on tj^e, leaf 

 ■■ Acohitum Hyemale, hr Winter Aconite.' ^^-^^^^^'^ 



'6, H^LL'EBOKus (Latifolius) caule multiflofo foliofo, fo- 

 liis digitatis ferratis amplioribus. Hellebore with many 

 \ flowers upon aft alk, intermixed "O^ith leaves, and large 

 fingered leaves which <?rtf JS^^^.;^'HellebpVus niger 

 amplioribus foliis. '"Tourn. Inft; It: H; i^ji.^^ Black 

 . Hellebore witii larger leaves. 





'X 





f ' r 





\ 



The firfl: fort grows naturallv in woods in feveral 

 "parts of England, but particularly m Sufl"ex, where I 



.;;have feen it in great plenty ; tlus hath a jointed her- 

 -baceous ftalk, which rife4! two feerhigh,' dividing 

 into two or three heads,""garni%4.wifh leaves^ 



. ^"pofed of eight or nine long narrow lobes,' which ioin 

 at their bale •, 'four or theie on each fide arc: joined to- 



, .^ther at their tails, and "tiie middle one I^ands oh the 

 ;^enter of thefoot-ftaik • thefe are Tawed dh^'their 

 edges and end in acute ijoint^^i, thofe Qn;tlie lower 

 part of the ftalk are much larger than , the upper, 

 which are fmall and narrow! 'The flower- ftalk arifes 

 Iron? the qnter'of the plant, dividing .'into many 

 b^ariches, cj^cy^ftaining r^^^^ .rmallef- foot-ftalks, 

 with one entire Tpear-ftiaped leaf upon each, ap4 one 

 large greenilh iWr at tl^ ^ purpljih rW ; 



H E L 



thefc appear in whncr, and the feeds ripen iu tlic 

 fpringi wliich, if permitted to fcuccM', the plani::; \vi j 

 rife without care, and may be tranTplant'id iiuo woods 

 or in wildcrnefs quartern, wlicre rhtfy wiU o;rQ^v : ' 



._. ._H _ ■■•am 



great fl;adc, and make a good appearance zi\ realba 

 when there are but few plants in beauty. 

 The fecond fort grows nacurally atDiuon, near Cam. 

 bridge, and in the woods near Stokci^ Cliurch, in Ox- 

 fordliiire. The ftalks of this fort grow moreuprioht 

 than thofe of the firll, and do not branch fo much 

 The leaves are compofed of nine long lobes, which 

 unite to the foot-ftalk at their bafe, and are fnarply 

 fawed on their edge's \ they are of a lighter green than 

 thofe of the firft fort. The flowers are produced at 

 the top of the ftalk, having one or two leaves fet on 

 the foot- ftalk-, they are compofed of five oval green 

 petals, with a great number of ftamina furroundin^^r the 

 germen in the middle ; thefe appear the beginnino-of 

 Februaiy, and the feeds ripen the end of May, wfich 

 if fown foon after they are ripe, the plants will coine 

 up early the following fpring ; and, when thev have 

 obtained ftrength, may be planted in fhady places un- 

 der trees, where they will thrive and flower very well. 

 The leaves of this fort decay in autumn, and nev/ ones 

 arife from the roots in the Ipring, but the fiift forr is 

 always green. 



The third fort is fuppofed to be the Hellebore of the 

 antients \ this grows naturally on the Alps and Apen- 

 nine mountains. The root of this fort is compofed of 

 many thick fleftiy fibres, which fpread far into the 

 ground, from which arife the flowers upon naked 

 foot-ftalks, immediately from the root, each fupport- 

 ing'ohe large white flower, compofed of five round- 

 ifti petals, with a great number of ftamina in the 

 ;!lpiiddle. The leaves of this are compofed of fevenor 



^•^i^— * 



>-'■ 



eight thick, flefliy^ ob'tufelobes, which are flightly faw- 

 rTed on their edges, aiid unite with the foot-ftalk at their 

 I 'bafe; this plant flowers, in winter, from whence' the 

 ' .;t;itl^ of Chriftmas Rofe was applied to it : it is prQ- 



pagated by parting or the roots in autumn, for the 

 leeas feldom ripen well in England ; it fiiould have 

 . .a more ftieltered fi^uandn than either of the former, 

 " 'otherwife it will not flower well. '^^ 



1 The fourth fort is like the fecond, but differs from 

 It in having trifoliate leaves, which are brpader 

 "! aiid^entrfe,' their fufface' is fmoother; this flowers 

 early in winter, and ..the ftalks rife higher tljaa 

 either of the former forts, but is at at prefent rare; in 

 England. , -. 



-- 4 



Winter 







I « 

 4 





is fo.well known as, to need no defcription. It'ftowers 

 very'e^rly in th?;, faring,, which renders it jvyotthy 

 of a place in all' curious gardens, efpecialfy as it 

 . requires but little room ; this is propagated by 

 ; 'Q{Jsets,'*'which the roots fend oiit in plenty ;" thefe 

 ■ roots may be taken up and tranfplap.ted^ any, time 

 after their leaves decay, which is generally' by the 

 \ beginning' of June * till October, ^when they will be- 

 in to put out new fibres-, but as the roots are Im^l, 

 ;,anjd' nearly of t^c^ t^li'?.' ground, fo, i^ care 



'is not taken to fearch them, many of the roots will 

 . Deleft m the ground; thefe roots ftiould be plant- 

 ed in fmairclufters, '^'oth'er wife' tti'ey will "not make a 



-^ « "r>#-- f\J 



• 



» 



- -■ jrf— ^ d » -*- 



appearance ; for "Tihglc flowers fcattejred abgut 

 ^^^^ |>oraers p^jI^j^e.linAUl^nas, ^rc (carce feen at 



a 



1 



,. .'i /^i. 



I'ty^.. , 



i ..t 



.vdrops are 



* * alternately planted in bunches, tHey^will have a gopd 

 . efiedt, as they flower at the fame time, and are mucn. 



: or a iize. . ,. . ;,_„ ..;, ;.,^/ .. -/ ■rh^;:\<i 



; :The fixth fort is lik; the. ,fi^ft, butfjhe^^^^ 

 :? leaves are broader, and' the ftalks grow taller -, this 

 ;i grows naturally in Iftria and Dalm^atia^ from wn^Rpe 

 '■- I received fonie of the fecdsVit has been fuppofed to 

 ^ 'be bhlyli'fenui^ of tjie fijft, and as fuch I 



fowed the feeds ; but the plants had a very great dif- 

 : ference, and the firft winter proving fevere, they\ycre 



ail deftroyed ; io that it is not fo hardy as our comnion 

 ' fortr'and depeiidiii'g on their beingfo, occafioned the 



;' lofs of the plants^ / 



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