li o 



t . 



pjuct'^ the late Dr. Horftoun fcnt me their feeds. The 

 iVcond lore grows to as large a fize as tfic firft. The 

 kavL'S of x\\v> are much longer than thcle of the firll, 

 and have two fmall glandules growing at their bafe ; 

 they are fawed'on their edges, and are of a lucid 





<rrcen. 



The third fort is of humbler growth, feldcm rifing 

 more than twenty feet high ^ the leaves of this great- 

 ly refemble thofe of the common Holly, and are fet 

 with rtiarp prickles at the end of each indenture \ 

 they are of a lucid green, and continue all the year. 

 Thefe plants are preferved in fome of the curious 

 gardens in Europe, where they can never be expe£led 

 to rife to any grelt height, for they are too tender to 

 live In thefe northern countries, but in (Voves ; they 

 rife eafily from feeds^ provided they are good. The 

 feeds muft be fown upon a good hot-bed, and when 

 the plants come up, they fliould be each planted in a 

 fmall feparate pot filled with light fandy earth, and 

 plunged into a good bed of tanners bark, treating 

 them in the lame way as other tender plants ^ but they 

 muft not have much wet, for thefe plants abound with 



■ an acrid milky juice, and it is certain that mofl: plants 

 which do, are foon killed by much moifture: thefe 

 plants muft be removed into the ftove, and plunged 

 into the tan-bed in autumn, where they fhould con- 

 ftantly remain, giving them very little water iri win- 

 ter -, and in fummer when the weather is warm^ they 

 fhould have a good fhare of air admitted to them', and 

 once or twice a week refre(hed with water i by jhis 

 management I have raifed many of thefe 'plants to 



■the heightof five of fix"feet,''*which haVe^ by their 

 Ihining green Vav^^^ made a pretty" variety during 



^ the winter Teafdri in thfe' ffove. 



come out rrom the fide of the younger branches, 

 which they fit very clofe ^ the male fiowers gro^-^ing 

 in fmall clufters, but the female come out fin^ldyl 

 thefe make but little appearance. They appeal 'in 

 July, and the berries on the female plants are ripe in 

 autum,n. 



This fort is cafi'y propagated by fa?:kefs f'-om the 

 root, for the roots Iprcad wide, and fend up a great 

 number of flioots, fo as to form a thicket: if thefe 

 are taken off in autumn, and tranfplantcd into a nur- 

 fery, they will be fit to tranfplant aftcf one year's 

 growth, to the places where they are to remain' ; as 

 there is little beauty in this plant, fo one or two of 

 them may be allowed a place in a plantation of flirubs 

 for the fake of variety. 



The fecond fort grows naturally in North Arfier!ca ; 

 this hath much the appearance of the former fort, but 

 the leaves differ in their Ihape, thefe being much 

 ftiorter and broader, and are not fo white on their 

 under fide. Hiis hath not as yet flowered in this 

 country, but the plants feem equally hardy with the 

 former, and may be eafily propagated by. fuckers or 



layers. 



HIPPOSELINUM. 



See SMYRNIu^^l 



two thmgs 



HIRUNDINARIA. See Asclepias. 

 HOEING is necefiary and beneficial to plants, for 



ift, For' dcftroylng of weeds ; 2dly, Ee- 



fcaufe it difpofes the ground better to imbibe the 



■ night dews, keeps it in a conftant frcfhnefs, and adds 



a vigour to the plants and trees, whofe fruit by that 



means, becomes better conditioned than otherwife it 



^- 1 



Tourq. Cor. 52. tab, 481. Baftard Rhamnus, or Sea 

 j-Juckthorn. 



This operation is performed by the h'^hd, "\^ith Jtf'in- 

 ftrument called a Hoe, which is well known to every 



HIPPOPHAE. Lin. Gen. Plant. 980. Rhamnoides. j gardener. There afe feveral fizes of thefe; thefmallefti 



which is called an Onion Hoe, is not more tWn three 

 inches bfoad, and is ufed for Hoeing of Oniorisf not 

 only to cut up the young "weeds, out "alfo* to' iliin 

 the Onions, by cutting up ail thofe which arfe fOd cl6fe. 

 The next fize is near four inches and a half broad, and 

 is called a Carrot Hoe •, this is ufed for Hoeing of Car- 

 rots, of any^ other crop which requires the fame rdom 

 ■" ^s thofer The la'rgeft fize is about feven inches brdadj 

 ■ and is frequently called aTurnep Hoe, being ufed for 

 Hoeing of Turneps ; but this is generally ufed by the 

 ' 'kitchen-gardeners, for Hoeing between all their crops 

 ' which arc planted out, or ftand fo far afunder as to ad- 

 mit an inftruitieht of this bt'eadth to'pafs between th^ 

 plants. Befide, thefe fort of Hots, Which 'ire cohtrived 

 tof draw toward the pferfoft who iifes them, there i^aho- 

 ther fort of a difl^erent form, Avhich is called a Dutch 



. ' ^'idhich are\in(al to the empalement . 

 ' ^ hvveno 'pet'als\hut have a one-leavcc 



'^/^The Characters are, • 



• ^'^^ IS male and female in different plants \ the male flower^ 

 ■ ^-liave ^dri empalement of one kaf^ cut into Pwo fegm'cnts^ 

 . '■' which 'clofe at their points ; they have no petals j but have 



'■'^foW Jhort Jlamina^ terminated by oblong angular fummits^ 

 .' ^ . » - y-^^ female flo-ihzrs 



cd empalement^ which is 

 '■'cvaly oblongs tubulous^''dnd bifid at the brim ; thefe have 

 '' MJiamiM, but in the center is fituated a fmall roundifh 

 -yprpen^ ixith a fhort flyle^ crowned by an oblong thick 

 ■*"Jiigmay "^ twice the length of the empalement, ' -The germen 

 *' afterward' turns 

 ■fmefmndifi feed. 



" This'^nUs'Hplant^'Ts Hnged in the fourth* feflicn 



''of Linnseus's twenty-firft clafs, intitled Dioecia Te- 



*'. trandria^' in which ^ are included thofe plants which 



^^'arc ifialeahd female in diilinft' plants/ arid the male 



^'^ flowersTi^vefbiir ftamina. - ^^^ ^'- ^^n't^'^Vi 



rns to a globular berry with one cell^ inciojing 



"jU 



"■ • 



Ine bPECiEs are,. 



-4 



ztrc-\ 



f. ^^foVYiki' {RbaMoides) foUislanceolatis.' Lin. Sp. 



'" Plant. 102^, Hippophde with fpear-fiaped leaves, Rham- 



•i-fioides falicis folio. Tourn^ Cor.* '53'.' Sea Buckthorn 



^''with'a Willow leqf.-^''-^'^^ k-pu.,\ ,'-r. ':.;--::;r; 



2. m^^ovHAE {Canadehjis) foliis ovatisr Lin. Sp. Plant. 



102 4--^ 'Hipfophae with^^oiial leaves f called Canada Sei 



ine firft fort etto^vS' naturally on the fea banks m 

 '- l^incolnfhne, and alfoon thefand-banksbetween Sand- 

 '^'^ichahd Deal/ iri Kent^ there are two varieties of 



\this, ' one with' yellow, and theotKer" with fed" fruit, 

 out it is the" Tiffl: only "Which I Have obferve"d growm 



' Buckthorn. 





o 



the 



naturally in Ens;larid ; the other I faw growing on t 

 - ftrid-b^nks inHolland." ■' f"*^"'? • v v^;; ^: v - .. n ^^ 

 Thefe rife with fhrubby ftalks eight or ten feet high, 

 fending out many irregular branches,^ which have 

 . a brown bark filvercd over, garnifhed with very har- 

 row fpear-lhaped leave^V about 'two" inches long, 'and 

 •'a quarter of an in'fcH trfoda- In the rniddle, Menrhg 

 gradually to both ends, of a: dark green on their upper 

 fide, but hoary on their under, having ^prominent 

 ipidrib •, the two borders of the leaves are rcflexed 

 like the Rofcmary Vtlfefe are placed altcmate on every 

 : fide the branches; <fiWmg very clof^^.^The^'fTowers 



Hoe ; this is made for tlie perlori whb ufes it tbgufll 



•^ from hirn, ifo that he does not tread bv*er the ground 



which i^ hoed, -This is^aVei^^roper inftrumerit for 



fcuffling over thd'ground to deftroy weeds, in fuch 



• places where the plants will admit of its being ufed, 



---'andaperfon will go over a much greater Ipaceof 

 'ground in the fame time whh brie of 'thefe inftrumeffts,-^ 



'' than^with the common Hoif'; but* this ihftrdment is 

 'hoi fd proper for Hbdingotit cfdps, lb dS fo ledve 

 ^the 'plants at a proper diftance, *nor will it penetrate 



-'the ground fo far'; therefore the other fort of hoe is 



■ '^"td be preferred to this, becaufe it ftirs the ground and 

 loofens the furface, 'whereby the dews penetrate ihe 



---groiirid, and tKefeby promote the'growth of the plants. 



-*^Of late years there has'alfo been another inftrument 

 ihlrSdifced in 'the field culture, called the HorfeHoe, 

 -tvhich is t fort of plough with the ftiear ftt more in- 

 clining to a -honzontal pofition thari the comniort 

 plough ; but as moft of the farmers are at a lofs hbvt 

 to ufe this inftrurhent, fb it has^Beeri biit little pfaftifed 



* ' * ^ 



4 '. 



q , 



I 



in this country Ss yet -, nof is It likely t5 be brought 

 into ufe, unlcfs the garden farmers near Lgndon, who 

 a'feimdotifetedly the beft hufbandmen in Europe, in-' 

 troduce it ; for the common farrners can never be fup- 

 pofed to alter their old eftablifhed methods, till by ne- 

 ceflTity they are drove to it :* a' ftfong inftahce we have 

 of this kind, in the culrufe of Turneps, which for many 

 years were fd'wh in moft of the counties rri Engtand^ 

 but till within about fixty years paft^ they vvcre never 



f 



I 



I. 



'1 



b^ 



