o 



- 



grrw \va5 not very rich : but T hive frequently ob- 

 Icrved on ihe fides of hot-be Ju in the kitchen-gav Jens 

 where Barley- ftrav/ has been ufed for covering the 

 beds, that fume of the ^zrains lefc in the ears !ian drop- 

 pcd out and grown, the roots have produced troni 

 thirty to fixty Italics each, and thofe been three or 

 i^bur'^ times larger than the Ttalks ever arrive at in 

 the common way : but to this I know it v/iU be ob- 



O R 



this will caufe them to fpread fo as to f-U i\i 

 and likewifc to ftrennthcn the flalks. 



} 





-) 



they always reap their 



in the north of Enala.;,[ 

 Barley, and make 



jeded, that although upon rich land in a garden, thele 

 Voocs of corn may probably have fo many ilalks, yet 

 in poor land they v/ill not have fuch produce ; tliere- 

 tore unlefs there is a greater quantity of feeds fown, 

 their crop will not be worth (landing, which is one of 

 the greareft fallacies that can be imagined ; for to 

 fuppofe that poor land can nourifh more than twice 

 the number of roots in the fam.e fpace as rich land, 

 is fuch an abfurdity, as one could hardly fuppofe any 

 perfon of common underflanding guilty of; and yet 

 lb it is, for the general pradlice is to allow a greater 

 quantity of feed to poor land, than for richer ground; 

 not confidering that v/hcre the roots ftand fo clofe, 

 they will deprive each other of the nourifSiment, fo 

 ftarvc themfelves, which is always the cafe where the 

 roots ftand clofe *, which any perfon may at firft fight 

 obferve, in any part of the fields where the corn hap- 

 pens to Ibatter when they are fov/ing it *, or in places 

 where, by harrowing, the feed is drawn in heaps, 

 thofe patches will ftarve, and never grow to a third 

 part of the fize as the other parts of the fame field ; 

 and yet common as this is, it is little noticed by far- 



The time for cutting of Barley is, when the red colour 

 of the ears is ofi^, and the ftrav/ turns yellow, and t'u- 

 ears begin to hang down 



h up ii> 

 flieaves, as praftifed here for Wheat, by vv'hich nv.*- 

 thod they do not lofe near fo much corn, and it is aJk) 

 more handy to Hack •, but this method cannot fo weil 

 be praftifed where there are many weeds amono-ft i\y> 

 corn, which is too frequently the cafe in the rich 

 lands near London, efpecially in moitt feafons ; there- 

 fore when this is the cafe, the Barley niuft lie on the 

 fwarth till all the weeds are dead ; but as it is apt to 

 "fprout in wet weather, it muft be (hook up, and turn- 

 ed every fair day after rain to prevent it. When it h 

 carried in, it fhould be thoroughly dry, otherwife if it 

 be flacked wet, it will turn muuy ; or if too green, ic 

 is fubjecl to burn in the mow. The common produce 

 of Barley, is two and a half, or three quarters on an 

 .acre, but I have fomctimes known fix or fevcn quar- 

 ters on an acre. 



HORIZONTAL SHELTERS have, byfome 



pcrlbns, been greatly recommended to preferve fruit- 

 trees from blights ; but with how little reafon, or up- 

 on what night experiments, every one who has ever 

 made ufe of them will eafily judge; efpecially thofe 

 which are contrived by placing nles in the v/all at 



than 



certain diftances, nothing; being more obviou 





mers 



that vegetables, when prevented from receiving the 

 otherwife they furely would not continue their | advantage of dews, rains, &c. thofe kindly benefits 



of heaven, grow weak, languid, and at laft entirely 

 decay : and fince, from valt numbers of experiments 

 which have been lately made, we find that trees im- 

 bibe great quantities of nourilhment througli the pores 

 : Qf..the]rjeaves and branches, whereby they are rcn- 

 derecf vigorous and healthy, even in fuch feafons, and 

 upon fuch foils, where one wpuld think it impofTible 

 they (hould receive much riourilhm'ent from the eartli; 

 . to deprive them of this advantage, i*s no lefs than de- 

 - ftroying them ; though perhaps, if the trees are vi- 

 gorous, it may not be effefted fuddenly; but th.cre 

 will be very vifible figns of decay on them daily, and 

 a few years will put a period to their lives, as I ha'. 

 more than once obferved, where fuch walls were 

 built. • ' ? 



-** . u* 



old cuftom of fowing. I have made many experi- 

 ments for feveral years in the pooreft land, and have 

 always (bund that all crops which are fown or planted 

 at a greater diftance than ufual, have fucceeJed beft; 

 and I am convinced, if the farmers could be prevailed 

 on to quit their prejudices, and make trial of this ipc- 

 thod of fowinp* their corn thin, they would foon fee 



the advantage of this hufbandryv*? .t::.;; 



The 'noblemen and gentlemen in France are very 



bufy in fettingexampTespf this hufbandry in moft of 



their provinces, being convinced by many trials of 



its great utility ; arid it were to be wifhed, the fame 



was done in England, , . , 



When the Barley is fown, the ground (hould be rolled 



after the firft Ihower of rain, to break the clods and 



lay the earth fmooth, which will render it better to 



mow, and alio caufe the earth to lie clofer to the 





*.' 



The only fort of thefe fnelters which I have ever oS- 



ferved ufeful for fruit-trees, was made with two leave? 



roots of the corn, which will be of great fervice to J of flit deal, joined over each other, and painted; this 



it in dry weather. 



Where Barley is fown upon new broken upland, the 

 ufual method is, to plough up the land in March, 

 . and let it lie fallow until June, at which time it is 

 ploughed again, and fown with Turneps, which are 

 eaten byllieepinwinter, by whofedungthelandis greatly 

 improved -, and then in March following the ground is 

 ploughed up again, and fown with Barley as before. 

 There are many people who fow Clover with their 

 Barley, and fome have fown the Lucern with Barley ^ 

 but neither of thefe methods is to be commended, for 

 where there is a good crop of Barley, the Clover or 

 Lucern muft be lb weak'as not to pay for ftanding; 



r 



fo that the better way is to fow the Barley alone with- 

 / out any other crop among Tt, and then the land will be 



at liberty for any other crop, when the Barley is taken 

 ^ off the ground i but this pradice of lowing Clover, 

 ' Rye-graf=;, and other Grafs-feeds, with corn, has been 



fo long and univerfally ellabliihed among farmers, 



that there :s little hope of prevailing with thofe peo- 

 ■; pie to alter acullgm v;hich has been handed down to 



- ' them from their predeceflbrs, although there fliould 



- Be many examples produced, to (hew the abfurdity of 

 this practice. 



When the Barley has been up three w^eks or a month, 

 it will be a very good method to roll it over with a 

 weighty roller, which will prefs the earth clofe to the 

 roots of the corn, and thereby prevent the fun and 

 air from penetrating the ground, which will be of 

 fmgular fervice in dr}^ feafons ; and this rolling of it 

 before it ftalks, will caufe it to till out into agreater 

 number of ftalks ; fo that if the plants ihould be thin. 



being fixed upon the top of the wall with pullies, to. 

 draw up and down at pleafure, formed a fort of pent- 

 houfe -, which being let down in great rains,' or '' 





nights, during the time that the trees were in flower, 

 or the fruit was fetting, proved ferviceable ; but then 

 thefe flickers were removed away foon after the fruit 

 was fet, fo that the trees might enjoy all the advan- . 

 ' tages of rain, dew, &c. in the fummer, which is ab- 

 folutely neceflary, if we would have healthy trees or 

 good fruit. - - - ' 



HORMINUM. Tourn. Infl:. 178. tab. 82. Salvia. 

 Lin. Gen. Plant. 36. Claiy-, in French, Ormin. .■' 

 . , The Characters are," . .V ' 



The empalement of the flower is permanent ^ of one leaf^ 

 tuhulous^ and channellcdy having two lips \ the upper is 

 broad'y ending in three acute points \ the under is jhortCTy 

 ending m two points. The flower has one petals divided into . 

 two lips 'y the upper is concave ^ compreffed on the twoflacsy 

 and incurved with a flight indenture at the pointy the lOiver 

 is broader and more indented. It hath two fjort ftamin^ty 

 Jztiiatedin the tube of the flower^ terininctcd by fiort prof' 

 trate fummits^ and two other which decay foon after t.:e 

 flowers open. In the bottom of the tube are four rounap 

 germen^ fupporting a fingle ftyle crowned by a bifid pg- 

 ma^ Actuated in the upper lip of the petal - The germcn 

 afterward becomes four feeds ^ lodged in the emptlement. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the firft fection or 

 Tournefdrt's fourth clafs, which includes the herbs 

 with a lip flower of one leaf, whofe upper hp ^^ 

 forked, or fliaped like a helmet. Dr. Linnaeus has 

 joined this genus, and alio the Sclarea of Tourne- 

 fort to the Salvia, including them all in that genus; 



^ but 



1 • 



H 

 1 



1 



4 



4 



• 'i 



■ 



