A 



The fcvcnth fort was brought from the Cape of Good 

 Hope, by Captain Hutchinfon of the Godolphin, who 

 difcovered it growing naturally, a few miles up the 

 land from the fea, being drawn to it by the great 

 frao-rancy of its flowers, which he fmelt at feme 

 diftance from the plant, which was then in full fiower; 

 and after having viewed the plant, and remarked the 

 place of its growth, he returned thither the following 

 (Jay with proper help, and a tub to put it in, and 

 caufed it to be carefully taken up, and planted in the 

 tub with fome of the earth on the fpot, and con- 

 ■ veyed on board his fhip, where it continued flowering 

 creat p- rt of the voyage to England, where it arrived 

 in good health, and has for fome years continued 

 ■ flowering, in the cur'ous garden of Richard Warner, 

 Efq; at Woodford in EfTex, who was fo obliging as 

 to favour me with branches of this curious plant in 

 flower, to embelhfli one of the numbers of my figures 

 of plants, where it is reprefented in the i8oth plate. 

 This plant feems not to have been known to any of 

 the botanifts, for I have not met with any figure or 

 defcription of it in any of the books j there is one 

 ■fort which is figured in the Malabar garden, and alfo 

 in -Burman's plants o'f Ceylon, which approaches near 

 this ; it is titled Nandi ervatum major. Hort. Mai. 

 But it differs from this, in having longer and narrower 

 leaves ; the tube of the flower is larger, ^nd the kg- 

 ments do not fpread fo much as this ; the flowers alfo 

 of the Cape Jafmine fade to a buff colour before they 

 decay, therefore there is no doubt of its being a dif- 

 ferent fpccies from that of Dr. Burmari ; but it is 

 furprizing that this plant filould be unknown to the 

 people at the Cape of Good Hope, for there was not 

 one plant of it in their curious garden, nor could the 

 ' captain fee any other plant of it but that which he 



brought away. 



The ftem of this plant is large and woody, fending 



^^^but many branches, which are firfl: green, but af- 



' ; terward the bark becomes gray and fmooth ; the 



branches come out by pairs oppofite, and have fliort 



^ joints; the leaves are alfo fet oppofite, clofe to 



, the branches ; they are five inches long, and two 



inches and a half broad in the middle, lefl^ning to 



' ; both ends, terminating in a point ; they are of a lu- 



_[ cid green, having feveral tranfverfe veins from the 



. midrib to the borders ; they are entire, and! of a 



/ thick confidence. The flowers are produced at the 



; end of the branches, fitting clofe to the leaves; they 



have a tubulous empalement, with five corners or 



angles, cut deep at the brim, into five long narrow 



fegments, ending in acute points : the flower fiath 



but one petal, for although it is cut into many d^eep 



.. fegments at the top, yet thefe are all ioined in one 



tube beloW ; forrie of thefe flowefs are riiuch ihore 



""_; double than Others, hiving three or four orders of 



"r'^ petals; thefe which have fp many, have only a bifid 



. :; ftigma, but thofe which are lefs double have trifid 



*:'* ftigmas;- -' All thofe flowers which I have examined 



] have but ohe or two fliamina^ which may be occafi- 



*; oned by the fulnefs of the flbw^ys; as is^ often ob- 



"^ ferved in many kinds of plants, whofc flowefs have 



r. a greater number of petals than ufuaL" many of 



-- ,, which want both parts of generation, and fome of 



^'. them nave no male parts'. This flower, when fully 



^/ blowh, is ias large as a 'middling Rbfe, arid fooic of 



^' .;them are as doubre as'tKe Damafk Rofe"; they liave' 



l-- a very agreeable odour; on, the firft approach it is 



I fomethiner like that of the Orange flower, but when 



V ,rn6re clolely fmelt to, jias the odour of the common^ 



' ^'^' "double white NarciflTus?*^'^ The feafon ^ of this' plant' 



. flqwerihg in England, is in July arid Augufl, but in 



^ ; Its native coOhtry it is fuppofed to flower gf^at part 



. of the year ; for Captain Hutchinfon, who brought 



the plant over, faid there was a fucceffion of flower 



•* 

 1^' 



s 



- on It, till the Ihip arrived in a cold climate, which 

 ^ put a fl:op to its growth/^- '" ' ■ '* ^ • 



.^. .Ur. Linnaeus has been induced from wTiat has been 

 r . printed in 'the ' Trarifaaions of the Royal Society, 

 to alter^the title of thispUHt to Gardenia -, but' as the 



printed, was taken from a double flower by fome hafty 

 people, who fnould luve rcmcmbred what Linntrua 

 has written to caution pcrfons ap;ainft rejyardincr the 



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double flowers of all kinds, in ranging them in their 

 claflcs and genera, which if they had adhered to, they 

 would not have made this miftake ^ for I have fince 

 raifed feveral of the plants from feeds, fome of which 

 have produced flowers which were fingle, having- all 

 the marks of the double, the flowers alterino- to 



cr 



buff colour before they faded, and all thefe flowers 

 had each but three ftamina and a trifid fl:igma; 

 whereas in the charatlers fet down by Linnaeus, there 

 is no flramina, but five linear anthers, by which it is 

 plain fropi the increafe of the number of petals (or 

 rather their fegments) has occafioned an alteration in 

 the parts of generation; which is alfo very confpicuous 

 in the double flowers of Dianthus, where fome flow- 

 ers have but two or three fl:amina, when the fame 

 Ipecies with fingle flowers have ufually ten. Linmrus 

 alfo fuppofes the capfule of the feed to have two cells 

 full of fmall feeds -, but the perfons who led him into 

 this mifl:ake, have fince fuppofed the figure given by 

 Dr. Plukenet in his 448th plate, under the title 

 of Um-ky, to be the fruit of this plant; whereas 

 this has three cells filled with anguiar hvect-fcentcd 

 feeds, as the fpecimens I have of that dcmoi^.flrare, 

 by which it is certain they are the fruit of n diff^Vciit 

 plant; for the feeds which I fowed of this Ja^-T'ine, 

 were a berry compofed of two feeds like the other 

 Jafmines ; therefore I have continued it under the 

 fame genus, with an addition to the title of its having 

 three fl:amina. 



This plant is eafily propagated by cuttings during 

 the fummer feafon •, the cuttings Ihould be planted in 

 pots, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed, covering 

 them clofe with either bell or hand-glaflTes to exclude 

 the external air, being careful to i^reen them froni 

 fun in the day time ; w^hen they have taken root they 

 fliould be carefully parted, and put each into a fe- 

 parate, fmall pot, plunging them again into the hot- 

 bed, and fiiiading them until they have taken new 

 root, after which they Ihould be gradually inured to 

 the open air. 



Though the cuttings of this plant take root freely, 

 and make ftrong fhoots a year or two after, yet in 

 tliree or four years they are very apt to flint in their 

 rowth, their leaves turning pale and fickly, and fre- 

 quently die foon after ; this has happened every where 

 within my knowledge, although the plants have been 

 kept in various degrees of heat in winter j and in 

 ^^ fummer when they have been differently managed, 

 . tliey liave* frequently failed. "TTiave alfo been in- 

 ■'^ fortned by a gentleinan who lived fonie year^ in India, 

 ikH^ri he had the plants in his garden, they fre- 



went off in the fame manner. This has 



■A 



V 



i ■ 



> > 



^V-' 



'T' 



See Nyctanthes^ 



« • 



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greatly leffened the value of the plants in England. 

 JASMINUM ARABICUM. - See Coffee. ; 

 TA'SMINUM ILICIS FOLIO.' Sde Lan- 



TANA. ■ ■ ■ ^ •" -'• ..^.-ii. ..>,7v... 



JASMINE, the Arabian. 

 JASMINE, the Perfian. See Syringa. 

 JATROPHA. Lin. Gen. Plant. 961. Manihot. 

 • Tourn. fnft. R. H. 958- tab. 43?. Caflfada, or Caf- 

 . ,iava ; in French Cajfave, 



'^^^-^-The CHARACTERs^re, ' v : - " ;\: ' 

 ;\;// hath inale and female floiotrs in the fame plants the 

 ' 0ale 'jlMers have a fcarce vifible empalement \ they are 

 ;' ' falver-Jloaped^ of one petals with a fhort iube^ whofe brim 

 '~ is cut into fiver oundip fegments which fpread open 'y they 



r have ten awl fhaped ftamina^ five being alternately JJjorter 

 ^ ' ■ than the other ^ and are joined clofe together^ Jlanding e-re^ 

 ^-^ ■ in the center of the flower^ terminated by rdundifo loofe 

 " fimmits. "The female flowers which are fit ua ted in the 

 ' fame umbel have no empalement^ but have five petals fpread 

 open like a Rofe, In the center is a roundifh germen with 

 three deep furrows^ fupporting three fly leSy crowned by fingle 

 ftigmas. The germen afterward beccmes a roundifh cap- 

 fule with three cells^ each containing one feed. 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the ninth fcftion of 



^ * 



defcription of the plant with its charaftferi as there * Linnseus's twenty-firft clals, intitled Moncecia Mo- 



3 • nodelphia. 



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