f. 



i 



-' 



I J- 



N D 



IN D 



tatlcn ; where tliey will thrive much' better than if too ( - laving' a roitndijh fpreadim llarJard, 'which is 



» 3 



ndc 



ntcd 



much expdfed to the fiin, or m a ury foil, tor they 

 deiipht in fhade and moillure \ fo that where thefe are 

 'Wannn:^ the plants will require a conftant fupply of 

 **\v;u'er iri'dry weather, otlierwife they will thrive but 

 *"*fiowly. ' The diftance whicli thcfe plants fhould be 

 placed, mufi: riot be lefs than 'two feet every way, for 



■ where they like their fituation, they will fpread and in- 

 ' creafe much. When thcfe plants are rooted, they will 



■ "require no other culture but to keep them clear from 

 weeds ; and in the fpring, before they fhoot, tht 



'"crrQund fhould be every year gently dug between "the 



" 'plants 5 in doing of vv'hich, 'great care fliould be had 



not to cut or bruife their roots. Thefe plants, with 



this management, will continue feveral years, and 



will produce feeds in plenty.' ''"' '^ - ' "\^ " 



- If you would propagate thefe plants b^ bfFsets^ their 



' - roots fnould be parted at Michaelmas, and planted in 



a ftiady fituation, at the fame diftance as has been di- 



refled for the feedling plants, obfei*ving to water them 



until they have taken "root, after which time they 



muft be managed as t^ie Teedlings." ' ' ■ ' '. 



The roots of this plant are ufed in medicine, and are 



greatly 



Iff 



''at the 'pint and reflexed : ths -wings ere ohlcng^ ohiUj.^ 

 'and their under Ifordcrs' fprcading-, Hhe heel 'is vhtufe, 

 spreading, and acute-p^bttcd. It hath ten jiamiva drgejled 

 in a cylinder whofe points afcend, termihatcd by romdijb 

 fummitj, and a cylindrical germc4, fuppcrting afljortjiylCy 

 crowned Vy an ohtufe fiigma. The germ en afterward h:- 

 comes a tv7ig\apcr pod^ inclofng kidney -floaped fee dsl 

 This genus of plants is ranged in the third feftion of 

 Linn?Eus's fevcnteenth clafs, intitled Diadelphia De- 

 candria, from the flowers having ten ftamina formed 

 in two bodies. "' '-'"'''- ' -^ ' '* -• ■ ^ • ■ 



The Species are, 



I ' 



r. In 





i* J 



^ ' 



OFERA {Tiucfcria) leguminibus arcuatis incanis, 

 racemis folio brevioribus. Flor. Zeyl. 273. Indigo ^xitb 

 'hoary arched pods., and the hunches cf flowers Jhorter than 

 the leaves, 'Anil five Tnuigo Americana, filiouis in 



falcu!^ niddu 



reccomm.ended for their virtue m contagious 



Guatimala Indho^ 



m contcrtis. 



Acad. R.''Scien, 



- -1 *j » 



1718. 



*,' 



4 



5 



diftempers, or the bites of venomous creatures ; they I 3 

 are alexipharmic and fudorific \ by fome they are re- 

 commended for cholics and afthmas, for the cramp, 

 ' and all cold difeafes of the nerves/''" ' ■ ' "•"^" '■'^■•■ 

 INARCHING isa metliod of gVaf ting; which is 

 ■ commonly called grafting by approach. This' method 

 cf erafcinar is ufed when the ftock you intend to o;raft 

 on, and the tree from which you would take the p-ratt 

 lland fo near (or can be brought fo near) that they 

 ; may be joined together.' ''The method of performing 



follows'^: ""t^ke the branch you w^ould Inarch, 



and. haying fitted it to that part of the flock where 



^^'you intend to join it, pare away the rind and wood on 



„^ one fide about three inches in length. After the fame 



^' manner cut the flock or branch in the place where the 



V\ graft Is to be united, fo that the rind of both may join 



/;.jequally together, at leaft on one fide, that the fap 



^ may uieet; then cut a little tongue upwards in the 



'- graft, and make a notch or flit in the flock down- 



^' war3 to admit it; fo that when they are joined, the 



tongue's will prevent their flipping, and the graft will 



It IS 



2. Indigofera {Suffruticcfa) leguminibus arcuatis in- 

 cams, emit ixwtico^,' Indigo voith a JJjrubby fl:alk^ 'and 

 hoary arched pods. Colutea afEnis fruticofa argentea, 

 f^oribus fpicatis e viride piirpureis, filiquis falcatis. 

 Sloan. Cat. Jam. 142./' ; '"'• *'>^^*^-'3.i :h. 



Indigofera [Caroliniana) leguminibilrs'btetibu^, fo- 

 liolis quinis fpicis longiffimis fparfis, radice perenne. 

 Indi^'o with taper pods^ leaves with five lobes^ lonz loofe 

 Jptkes oj jiowers^ and a perennial root, . ' 



Indigofera [Indtca) legumiriibus pendulis lanatis 

 comprefUs, foliis |iinnatis.'"!Z'//.^^i"a7/i?'''':c'£?H^,' com- 

 prejfed^ hanging pbd's^ ^p'J winged leaves/ ' , ^ ,'•' ' "'' ^ ' 

 . Indigofera (Glabra) legumimbus o;labris teretibus, 

 loliolis tntoiiatis. Inmgo with [mooth taper pt 

 joltcte leaves. 



P 



vt^"' -t .>»a*v \^ 



erpodsp 'and tri- 



Jv^•^ V/if: 





" The firft and fifth forts are annual plants^/ith us';'the 

 feeds of thefe mufl be fown oil a, not-bed early in the 

 fpring of the year, ancl WTicn the plants are corne up 

 two inches high, they fhoulcl be Vanf^laritecf into 

 fmall pots filled with good frelh'eafth, 'and the pots 

 plunged into a hot-bed 'or'tanncH bark'-, 'when the; 



... V \ 



■ ^' more clpfely unite v/ith the ftock.. Having thus placed 

 ^*^theniexadly together, you nauft tie them with fome 



^•^aIs,oV other foft bandage •, then cover'the place with 

 rafting clay, to prevent the air from'entering'to dry 



^* the' Wotifid,''6r'the Xvet from getting in to rot the 



? 





flock: you fhould alfofix.a flake into the ground to 

 which that'part of the ftock, ^ as alfo the graft fhould 

 ": be faftened, to prevent the wind from breaking them 

 ' ^''.afundef, which is often the cafe when this precaution 



-* 



plants have obtained fotrie ftrength, they n^uft have 

 a great fhare of free air, by railing the glaifes in the 

 day time ; and in June they may be expofed more to 

 the open air, by which time they w^ill b^gm to pro- 

 duce their flowers, which will be fucceeded by'pods 

 in a fhort time after, and in Auguft their feecis will 



be perfeded, if the plants are brou2;ht forward in the 

 fprmfr. ' ' ' ^ '■' • r ?Utf . 



• The fecond'fbrt grows t6'the"heigtit of five orTix feet, 

 ' and will abide two or three years, if it is preferred in 

 5.' very wSrrti ftove iii winter 5 this produces fpik^s of 



N 



-,■' 



,> 



-* - 



flo%vers^from the wings of the leaves on the Jides of 

 -the flems or the plant, and fonaerimes will pe'rfe£t its 

 fteHs in Enfrfand. .This muft be raifed in a 'hot-bed, 

 as was directed tor the two rormer, but mult not 



'^;?n this manrtdV they ire to' I'emifr aBoiit fdur'"mohths, 1 [-"be" wholly expofed to the open air, evenlntlieRbtteft 



'iTp which time, they will be fufficiently united, and the ' "^ Veather. 



J.' 



..^raft 



g 





may then be cut from the mother tree, ob- 

 ' - 3?^^^"g ^0 llqpe It off clofe to the ftock ; and if at this 

 'y.iime you cover the joined parts with ■^ftefli graftin 

 ■ ;;'ivclaf, it will be df great fervice Id the graft. : ""-^ - 



7^^'This operatioh Is alwAys performed iii April or May, 

 ^ ' at the graft may tmite with the. ftock before the 

 • _,^iiicceeaing Winter, and is commonly practiied^ upon 

 Oranges, Myrtles, Jafmines, Walnuts, Firs, Pines, and 



other trees, which will not fucceed fo well by 



' But although 1 have 



Zi'^.^ptioned Orange-trees among the. 'reft, yet Iwould 



'"by no'^eans advife this praftice where the trees are 



.. ueligned to grow large, which, in this rnethod, they 



;;fafely ever^wiil do-i'^and it is chiefly' praftifed upon 



^^,^i^ ^^^^s only as a curiofity, to have a young plant 



, wth fruit upon it^ m a year or two from feed, by 



/_If^?i'ching S£ bearnig' branch into a yoiing ftock, 



......I, 



>^"-^ 



' comrhbn grafting or buddirig. 



** 



^reby it is effefted, yet thefe plants are feldom 



long; lived^ "^ 



The fourth fort is fuppofed to be promifcuoufly ufed 

 to make the Indigo, but the nrlt is the common lort 

 which is cultivated in 'the Englifh plantations in 

 America ■, but I have been aiTured by a perfon of great 

 credit, that he has made as good Indigo from the 

 fecond fort, as any that was produced in our plan- 

 tations j and this bein^r a much larger plant" will af- 

 ford^a greater ^quantity from me fame comgals 01 

 ■ ground, than any one of the other fpecjes, efpecially 

 • if cut'before the ftalks erow ligneous ; ahd this fort 



* -_ ' ■ ■ r v 





will grow oh poorer land, fo*mAy be cultivated in 

 fuch places where the firft fojt wuU not thrive fo well, 

 by which m^ans great jrnproy|:ments^^rna,y be made 

 with this plant in our American plantations. There are 

 fome other forts of this plant which are' natives of 

 India, fi'om which this commodity h m^-, two of 

 which, viz. the fourth and fifth forts I have had 

 growing in the garden at Chelfea, both which are very 

 different in their leaves and pods from either of the 

 American forts which have been cultivated.' I have 



' .- - «" ' 



and 



ctitmto five'pgmms'^},' the flower is of the butterfly kindy 



4 V J — ^^ 



' alfo received feeds froni India of the third fort, which 



is the fame {pecies*"6f Indigo which grows naturally 



in South Carolinaj diid which w^as greatly dfceemed 



7 F fome 



