U N 



5. juNiPERUS {Bermudiana) foliis iiifcrioribus ternis, 

 fiiperloribus quadrifariam imbricntis. Jmiiper U'ith 

 Jf reading under leaves placed by threes^ and the tipper by 



■ fours, -which lie clofe over each other. Junipcris Eer- 

 mudiana. H. L. Cedar of Bermudas. 



6. JuNiPERis {Tburifera) foliis quadrifaririm imbricatis 

 acutis. Lin. Sp. 147 1. Juniper 'with awl-fhaped^ acute 



' leaves placed by fours^ lying over each other. Juniperus 



■ major bacca cserulea. C. B- P. Greater Juniper with 



' blue berries. ' ^ 



7. Juniperus {Pha^nkia) foliis ternis obliteratis imbri- 



• cans obtufis. Lin. Sp. 1471. Juniper with leaves placed 

 by threes^ which are obliterate, obtufe, and lying over 

 each other. Cedrus folio cuprefli major, fruAu flave- 

 fcente. C. B. P. Greater Cedar with a Cyprefs leaf and 



. yellc^ifh fruit, 



8. Juniperus [Lycia) foliis terms undique imbricatis 

 ovatis obtufis. Flor. Leyd. 90. Juniper with oval 



- blunt leaves, which every where lie over each other. Ce- 



■ drus folio cupreffi media, majoribus baccis. C. B. P. 

 ^ 488. Middle Cedar ^ with a Cyprefs leaf and larger 



■ berries. ' 



■9. Juniperus {Barbadrnjis) foliis omnibus quadrifariam 



■ imbricatis junioribus ovatis fenioribus acutis^ Prod. 



• Leyd, 90. Juniper with all the leaves placed by fours, 

 ' - lying over each other, the young being oval, the older 



acute. Juniperus ma^dma cupreffi folio minimo, cor- 



tice exteriore in tenues philyras fpiralis duftili. Sloan. 



- Cat. Jam. 128. Greateft Juniper with the kaji Cyprefs 



'" leaf, and 'the outer bark fp lit ting off in , thin duStile pieces, 



'- commonly called Jamaica Berry-bearing Cedar. 



io. Juniperus (Sabina) foliis oppofitis eredis decur- 



■ rentibus, ramis patulis. Juniper with oppoftte, ere£ly 



■ running leaves, and fpreading branches. Sabina folio ta- 

 marifci. C. B. P. 487. Savin with a 'Tamarijk leafy or 



common Savin. * • . -, ^ ''■'-., 



ir. Juniperus {Lujitariica) folijs oppoficis patulis <?e- 



currentibus, rarnis ej-eftioribus. Juniper with oppojite 



over each other, and more 



tJ N 



The third fort grows naturally in mcH: parts r/ 

 North America, where it is called red Cedar, 10 diilin 

 guifli it from a fort of Cyprefs, which is called white 

 Cedar there. Of this there are two, if not three 



va- 



'^ ^' fpreading lea'Ves, which 



^<^"€re5i branches. .Sabina folio cupreffi. C. B. P. 487, 



"■ Savin with a Cyprefs leafy conimonly^ called Berry-bearing 



\^'^- Savin. ^ : ■^^- ^' v ■ -■ " .v.^^'&-"U^3-.^^--'>^ '^"^^^- ■ 



12. 



JunYperus {Oxy cedrus) foliis* undique imbricatis ob- 



rieties, befides the fpecies here enumerated ; one 0^ 

 which has leaves in every part, like thoic of the S^- 

 vin, and upon being rubbed, emit a very ftrr^^ ^p, 

 grateful odour: this is commonly diftino-uilhed in 

 America, by the title of Savin-tree, There is anu^ 

 ther with leaves very like thofe of Cyprefs, but a* 

 thefe generally arife from the fame feeds when thev 

 arc fent from America, fo they may be fuppof-d 

 to be only fcminai variations. 

 ^, The lower leaves of the fourth fort afe like thofe 

 of the Swedifh Juniper, but the upper leaves are like 

 thofe of the Cyprefs ; and this difference is conilant 

 if the feeds are carefully gathered froni tlic fame tree • 

 but as moll of thofe people who fend over thefe feeds* 

 are not very careful to diftinguifl^i the difference, fo 

 it often happens that the feeds of two or three Ibrts 

 are mixed together, which has given occafion to peo- 

 ple to imagine them but one fpecies •, but all the leaves 

 of the third are lik^ rhofe of the Juniper, fo the har- 

 deners call this the red Virginia Cedar ; and the fourth 

 they call Carolina Cedar, though all the forts grow 

 naturally in Virginia. 



The fifth fort is the Bermudas Cedar, whofe ^(Jocf 

 has a very flrong odour^ and was formerly m great 

 elteem for wainfcotting of rooms, and alfo for fur- 

 niture-, but the odour being too powerful for many 

 perfons, has rendered it lefs valuable, and at pre- 

 fent there is not much of it imported into Eng- 

 land. Thefe plants, while young, have acute-pointed 

 leaves, which fpread open^ and arc placed by threes 

 round the bra,nches ; but as the tri:es advance, fo 

 their leaves alter, and the branches are four-cornered- 

 uv;tne leaves are very fliort, and placed by fours round 

 Tr the branches, lying over each other like the fcales 

 ,,of fifh V the berries are produced toward the end of 

 the branches j thefe are of a dark red colour, inclinins 

 to purple. As there are few of thefe trees of any 

 great fize in England, fo I have not* had an opppr- 

 . tunity of examining their flowers, therefore do not 



\;'-^"tufis, ramis teretibus. Juniper with obtufe leaves every- \ know if they have male and female flowers on the 



''^^wbere^ lying over each other, and taper branches. . Juni- 



* ^ perus major, bacca rufefcente. C. B. P. 489. Greater 

 \ Jimiper with' a brownifh berry. . ';. , .. ^ .. . > 

 f^. Juniperus {Hifpanica) foliis quadrifariam imbrica- 



■ tis acutis. Prod. Leyd. 90. Juniper with acute leaves 

 lying over each other, placed four ways. Cedrus Hifpa- 



■ nica procerior, fruftu maximo nigro. Tourn. Inft. 

 58 S. ^falter Spanifh Cedar, with a very large black fruit, 



■ The firil fort grows naturally upon chalky lands 



in many parts of England, This is a low Ihrub, fel- 



' dorri rifing more than three feet high, fending out 



• mahy Ipreading branches, which incline on every fide, 

 covered with a brown bark, and garniffied with nar- I they are of a deep green, and not verv clofe to each 



fame plant, or if they are on different plants; for 



although I have received wcry fine fpecimens from 



Bermudas, yet they are all with fruit on them almofl: 



' fully grown, and notonewith male flowers-, ancf as thefe 



. treesarecommonlydeftroycdinEnglandwheneverthere 

 happens a fevcre winter, where they are not fheltercd 

 fo we have little hopes of feeing them in flower here. 

 The fixth fort grows naturally in Ifl:ria, from whenct 

 I received the berries, which have fucceeded withnie 

 in the Chelfea garden. This hath fpreading branches, 

 growing thinly, which are garnifhed with acute- 

 pointed leaves, placed by fours round the branches ; 



' 



row awl-fhaped leaves ending in acute points, which 



"are placed by threes round the branches, pointmg 



:= putward; thefe arc of a grayiffi cblo'ur, and conti- 



^ hiie through the year; the malellbwers fometimes 



~ are fituated on the fame plant with the fernale, but at 



diftances, ' at other times they are ^ upon diftinfl: 



'" plants : tlie female flowers are fucceeded by roiind- 



^ ■ -jfli berries, which are firfl: green, but when ripe, are 



t-'j-'of a dark purple colour. . The berries ripen in the 



The wood, the feerries, and the giim, are ufed in 

 '■^ medicine -, the' gum is titled Sandaracha. , -.. 



- The fecond fort is known in the gardens by the ti- 

 ' ' tie of Swedifh Juniper : this is by many fuppofed to 

 ' -be only a variety of the firft, but^ is undoubtedly a 

 Siftinft fpectes, fori have many* years faifed both 

 forts from the feeds, arid have never found them al- 

 ter/- 1 This fort rifes to the height of ten or twelve 

 * feet, the branches grow more ereft, the , leaves are 

 narrower, and end in more acute points : they are 

 placed farther afunder on the branches, and the ber- 

 ries are longc'rS It grows naturally in Sweden, Dei}- 

 mark, and Norway. . 



pther, but grow horizontally, pointing outward; the 

 berries are much larger than thofe of the common 

 Jijniper, and are blue when ripe. . 

 •The feventh fort grows naturally in Portugal, frocn 

 whence I have frequently received the berries. This 

 fort grows, with its>ranches in a pyramidical formj 

 the lower ones are garnifhed with Agrt, acute-pointed, 

 grayifh leaves, placed by threes round the branches. 





^ pointing outward ; but thofe on the upper branches 

 are of a dark green, lying over "each other like the 

 fcales of filli, but end in acute points. The mafe 

 flowers are produced at the extremity of the branches ; 

 they are fituated in a loofe, fcaly," conical katkin, 

 ftanding upon a fliort foot-ftalk ereft \ the fruit is 

 produced fometimes upon the fame tree, at difl:ances 

 from tlie flowers, and at other times they are upon 



. feparate trees ; the berries of this are of a pale vellow 

 when ripe, and about the fize of thofe of the common 

 Jumper. , , 



. The eighth fort grows naturally in Spain and Italy, 

 froni both which countries I have received it. The 

 branches of this fort grow ereft, and are covered with 

 a rcddifli brown bark j the leaves are fmall, obtufe, 



and 



