I 



• contrived fame v^-inding walks to lead to the ICiic'acn- 

 aai'dcn, which will have as good an cilcft as thofc 

 which are now commonly made in gardens for plcaiurt^ 

 only. In the choice of the fituation, if it doe:? not 

 obiirucl the view of better objefts, or Unit out any 

 material profpcft, there can be no objection to the 

 placing it at a reafonable diftance from the houfe or 

 ofiices ; for as particular things may be wanted for the 



■ kitchen, which w^ere not thought of at the time when 

 direftions v/ere given to the gardener what to bring 

 in V f^ ^f ^^'^ garden is fituated at a great diftance 



• from the houfe, it will be found very inconvenient to 

 fend thither as often as things are wanting : therefore 



• it Iliould be contrived as near the ftables as poffible, 

 : for the conveniency of carrying the dung thither; 

 : which, if at a great diftance, will add to the expence 



■ ■ of the garden. 



As to the figure of the ground, that is of no great 



:. momenr, fince in the diftribution of the quarters all 



' irregularities may be hid •, though if you are at full 



■' liberty, an exaft fquare or an oblong, is preferable to 



any orher figure. ■ - ' ■ ' ■ ^ 



The o^reat thing to be confidered is, to make choice 



of a CTood foil, not too wet, nor over dry, but of a 



K I 



of ihruKs which inclofe them, fnould fiiadc tlr U^f. 

 ders where the truit-trees ftand : tlie Icaft width of 

 thefe flips fnouid be twenty-live or thirty fccr, but if 

 tlicy are double that, ic will be yet bcrrer, and the Hins 

 Will be more ufeful, and the fruit-trees will have\i 

 larger fcope of good crround for their root 



s to 



r V. n . 



I'hefe walls fl::ou!d be built about iutIvc feet h-^h 

 which will be a fufficient height for any fort of fruit! 

 If the foil where you intend to place yourKitchen-o-ar- 

 den be very ftrong, then you fhould plough or qw- it 

 three or four tim.es before you plant any thing theretii ; 

 and if you throw it up in ridges to receive the froft in 

 v/jnter,^ it will be of great iervice to meliorate and 

 loofen its parts. 



The manure which is moft: proper for fuch foils, is 

 fca-coal afhes, and the cleanfing of ftreets or ditch 

 which will render it light much fooner than any other 



l"!-- 

 ^-^ 



dung or manure; and the greater the quantity of 

 alhes the better, efpecially if the ground be cold j 

 and where thefe afties are not to be obtained in plenty, 

 fea-fand is a very proper dreffing, where it can be 

 eafily procured, or rotten wood, or the parts of ve- 

 getables rotted are very good-, ail which will great!/ 

 loofen the foil, and caufe it to be not only cai]c:r to 



>■ 



middling quality ; nor fnould it be too ftrong or ttub- I work, but alfo more advantageous for the' o-Vowd^i of 

 born, but of a pliable nature, and eafy to w^ork-, and l - plants. 



if the place v/here you intend to riiake the Kitchen- I ^ But, on the contrary, if your foil be lioht and vrcsiv 

 garden ftiould not be level, but high in one part and 

 low in another, I would by hO means adviie the le- 

 veiling it; for by this fituation you will have an, ad- 

 vantage which could not be obtained on a perfect le- 

 vel, which 



the having one part dry ground 

 ,.- for early crops," and" the low part for late crops, 

 * . ^vhereby the kitchen may be the better fupplied 

 ^ throughout the feafon with the various forts of herbs, 

 •'.roots, &c. And in very -dry feafons, ' when in the 

 ;. upper part of the garden the crop will greatly fuffcr 

 .■^with drought, tlien the lower part will fucceed, and 

 V fo vice versa; but I would by no means direct the 

 • ■;; chufing a very low moift fpot of ground for this pur- 



for although in fuch foils garden-herbs arc 



■ you ftiould manure it with rotten ncats dunp, wiii 

 is much preferable to any other drcftln^ for hot icyih 



ch 



11 



butifyouufe horfe dung, it muft be v/eii rotted, 

 otherwife it will burn up the crops upon the firft hoc 

 dry weather. ' ,; -r>--: j ' i. 



The foil of this garden ftiould be at leaft 



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two 



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 V 9 



v ". commonly more vigorous and large in the fummer 



/• feafon, yet they are feldom fo well tafted or whole- 



. ' •; foine as thofe which grov/ upon a moderate foil ; and 



• ' V .^ffpecially fince in this garden your choice^ fruits 



' ■■ *" fhould be planted, ic would be wrong to have a very 



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wet foil. 



This garden ftibuld be fully expofed to the fun, and 

 by no means bverftTiadowed with trees, buildings. Sec. 

 which are very injurious to your kitchen plants and 

 fruit-trees ; but if it be defended from the north wind 



fee£ 



deep, but if deeper it will be ftill better, otherwlie 

 there will not be depth enough of foil for many forts 



of efculent roots, as Carrots. Parfnrnq. R^-ptc: g.^^ 



as Carrots, Parfneps, B 





which run down pretty deep in the ground, and moil 

 other forts of efculent plants delight in a deep foil ; 

 and many plants, whofe roots appear ftiort, yet if 

 their fibres by which they receive their nouriftlmient 

 are traced, they will be found to extend to a cbnfi- 

 derable depth in the ground ; fo that wh.en thefe are 

 fl:opped by meeting with gravel, chalk, clay, &c. the 

 plants will foon ftiew it by their colour and ftinted 



growth. 



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■ by a diftant plantation, it ^will greatly preferve your 



- early crops in the fpring •, al" alfo from the ftrong 

 ' fouth-weft v/inds, Avhich are very hurtFul in^'auturhn 



- to fruit and garden-hert>s. But thefe plantations fliould, 

 : not be too near nor very large 5,. for I have generally 



; found whereKitchen-gardens are placed near woods or 



large plantations, they have tech much more troubled 



: with blights in the fpring, than thofe which have been 



'- more expofed. ■i:r^v*:•^:,;^/^^:-^;.■7-^t::^-■-^^ 





* 



*.-Tfee quandty of ground neceiTary for aKitchen-garden 

 muft' be proportioned to the largenefs of the family, 



' or the qliahtity of herb's defifed : fori jtmall family, 



'^ one acre of ground^m'ay Be fufficient ; but for a large 



/ ^ family, there" ffiould riot fee lefs than tlifeVdr'four 



,^cres; becaufe, when che ground is regularly laid out, 



. ^nd planted with efpaliers of fruit-trees, as will here- 

 fiiter be direfted, this quantity will be found 'little 

 enough, nofwithftanding what lome perfons havefaid 



^onthishead. '^'t ; , '/ >;^:..-'.-1- - - 



This ground muft be walled round, and if it can be 

 conveniently contrived, fo as to plant both fides of the 

 walls which have good afpefts, it will be a great ad- 

 dinon to the quantity of wall fruit; and thofe flips' 

 of ground which are without fide of the walls, will 

 be very ufeful for planting of Goofeberries, Currants, 

 Strawberries, and fomp forts of kitchen plants, fo 



"' that they may be rendered equally ufeful with any of 



■ the quarters within the walls-"' but thefe flips ftiould 



; ^ not be too narrow, left: the hedge, pale", or plantation 



You ftiould alfo endeavour to have .a fupply of wa- 



: . ter in the different parts of the garden, which, if pof- 



, fible, ftiolild be contained in large bafons or refervoirs, 



; ; where \t rn^fbe expofed to thebpeh air and fuh7tliat 



: it may be foftened thereby ; for fuchwatef as^ls'talcea 



out of wells, &c. ]uft as it is ufed, is by no'nicans 

 . • proper tor any lort 01 plants. ^,.*.v--'^''''^ v 

 ^\ In the diftribution of this garderi, after having bviilt 

 ; : the?walls, 761! ftiould lay out banlcs^orborders'^under 



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i them, which ftiould be at leaft cis-ht or ten feet broads' 

 ■: -whereby the roots of the fruit-trees will hayegreate'r ■ 

 7- liberty than in fuch places where the Borders are not 

 .. above three or four feet wide'; and upon thefe 'tanks 

 )..: yog may fow many Jbrts of early crops, if expofed ta 

 ;■ the fouth ; and upon thofe expofed to the north, you 

 t\ may have fome late crops ; but I would by no means 

 : advife the planting any fort of deep rooting plants too 

 ' -near the fruit-trees, efpecially Peas and Beans ; tho' 

 .■ for the" advantage of the walls, to preferve them in ' 

 V. winter, and to bring them forv/ard in the fpring, tHc 

 r gardeners in general are too apt to make ufe of tliofc 

 , ' borders, which are near the beft afpefted walls, to t!^e 

 'great prejudice of their fruit-trees ; but for thefe pur- 

 t pofes it is much better to have fome Reed-hedgcs fixed 

 I' in fome of the wafmeft quarters^ under which you 

 ■'. ftiould fow and plant early Peas, Beans, &:c. v/here 

 \ they will thrive as well as if planted under a v/al], and 

 hereby your fruit-trees will be entirely freed fro:n fuch 

 . troublefome plants. ■ 



' ^^Then you ftiould proceed to dividing the ground out 

 into quarters, v/hich muft be proportioned to tlie large- 

 nefs of the garden"; but I would advife never to m.al-cd- 

 " them too fniall,^ whereby your ground v/ill be loft in 

 walks i and'the quarters being inclofed by eTpaliers' 

 of fruit-trees the plants therein will draw^upflende^ 



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