KnaU' 



K N A 



tukich aftcTxard becomes a four-cornered feed with a hairy 



This genus of plants is ranged in the firfl: feclion of 

 Linnajus's fourth clafs, intitled Tetrandria Monogy- 

 nia, the flowers having four ftaniina and one ftyle. 

 The Species are, 



X Knautia {OrientaUs) foliis omnibus pinnatifidis, co- 

 roUis calyce longioribus. Lin. Sp. App. 1679. 

 tla "J^'i^h all the leaves zvlng-pointed^ and the petal longer 

 than the empalement. Lychni-fcabiofa, flore rubro, 

 'annua. Boerh. Ind. alt. 



2 KnAutia {Propontica) foliis fuperioribus lanceolatis 

 indivifis, coroUis calyce a^qualibus. Lin. Sp. App. 

 1666. Knautia whofe tipper leaves are fpear-Jhaped and 

 ' 'whole^ and the petal of the floiver equcil to the empale- 

 fnent. Scabiofa Orientalis villofa, flore fuaverubente, 

 fruftu pulchro oblongo. Tourn. Cor. '^s- 

 Thefe plants are natives of the Eafl:, they are both 

 annual •, the firft has been long cultivated in the Eng- 

 lifh gardens; this rifeswithan ereftbranchingflalkfour 

 feet high, garniflied with wing-pointed leaves ; the 

 branches are terminated by fingle foot-ftalks, each fup- 

 porting one flower, having a tubular empalement cut 



K N I 



into four fcgments at t!ie top, and each contain four flo- 

 rets of a bright red colour, cut into four unequal feg- 

 nients, the outer being much larger tlian the other"; 

 thefe have four ftamina the length of thetubc of the pe- 

 tal, terminated by oblong funimits j and the flowers 



are 





fucceedcd by oblong four-cornered feeds, v/hich, 

 when ripe, foon fall out of the cup if they are not fea- 

 thered. 



The fecond fort differs from the firft in its upper leaves 

 being whole, and the petal of the flower beintj- equal 

 to the cup. ' The lower leaves of this are fawed on 

 their edges, and terminate in acute points. ' 

 Thefe plants propagate eafily ; if their feeds are 

 permitted to fcatter in the autumn, the plants will 

 come up foon after ; and if fome of thefe are planted 

 in the borders of the pleafure-garden, or among low 

 fhrubs near the walks in Oftober, the plants will 

 live through the winter, and flower in June ; fo their 

 feeds will ripen the end of July or beguining of Au- 

 guft, therefore require no other culture but to keep 

 them clean from v/eeds. 



KNIGHTS CROSS, or SCARLET CROSS, 



is the Scarlet Lychnis. See Lychnis. 



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ABIATE FLOWERS are fuch as have f them, but where there is ground enough, the double 



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- lips, or more properly a labiated flower, is 

 an irregular monopetalous flower, divided into 

 two lips ', the upper is called the creft, the un- 

 der the beard -, fometimes the creft is wanting, and 

 then the ftyle and chives fupply its place, as in the 

 Ground Pine, Scordium, Bugula, &c. but the greateft 

 ^ part have two lips, which, in fome fpecies the upper 

 lip is turned upwards, as the Ground Ivy, &c. but 

 . . moft ufually the upper lip is convex above, and turns 

 the hollow part down to the lower lip, and fo repre- 

 fents a kind of helmet, or monk's hood, from whence 

 thefe are called galeate, cucullate, and galenculate 

 . flowers, in which form are moft of the verticillate 

 plants. ;. - ^^j^'^^'.[j,.' ^ 



LA BLAB. See Fhaseolus, r I; 

 LA BRUM VENERIS..^ See Dipsacus. 

 LAB R use A. .See Vitis. Jv:.:^ 

 LABURNUM. .SeeCvTisus.iK/ ^ 

 LABYRINTH [Aa^Lf ip9«^,] a winding, mazy, 

 and in|ricate turning to and fro, through awildernefs 

 or a wood. ■■^"^-■— - ' • • '^■i^'v^^' '^-^.^'^^ ■ --~i ' ■- 

 Ine defign of a Labyrinth is, to caufe an intricate 

 'and difficult labour to find out ttie center,' and the 

 aim is, to make the walks fo intricate^ that a perfon 

 may lofc liimfelf in them, ahd' meet with as great a 

 number of ftops and difappointments as is poffible, 

 they being the moft valuable that are moft intricate. 

 As to the contrivance of them, it will not be poffible 

 to give direftions in words, there are feveral plans ^and 

 defigns in books of gardening ; they are rarely met 

 with but in great and noble gardens, as Hampton- 

 court, &C. ,. \ : ■: 



There are two ways of making them, the firft is with 

 fingle hedges ; this method has been praftifed in Eng- 

 land. Thefe, indeed, may bebeft, where there is but 

 a fmall fpot of groVridto be' allowed for the making 



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are moft eligible. 

 Double ones, or thofe that are made with double 

 hedges of a confiderable thicknefs of wood between 

 hedge and hedge, are approved as much better than 

 fingle ones, as is the manner of making them in 

 France, and other places, of all which, thatofVer- 

 failles is allowed by all to be the nobleft of its kind in 

 the world. ■• , r. .". '•■ .■ ■'".■ . ..* '*{-■ 



It is an error in Labyrinths in making them too nar- 

 row, for by that nieans the hedges rnuft be kept clofe 

 clipped -, whereas, if the walks are made wider, ac- 

 cording to the foreign pradtice, they will not ftand in 



fomuch need of it. :r*c". 



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The walks are made with gravel, and the hedges are, 

 ufually fet with Hornbeams ; the pallifades ought to 

 be ten, twelve, or fourteen feet high j the Hornbeajn 

 fliould be kept cut, and the "walks rolled-'"^* ^^tl* 

 .ACRYMA JOBI [fo called,' becaufc the Teed 

 !ofit refembles a tear, or drop.] Job's Tears. ^ See 

 Coix.' 



'VX *-* 



LACTIFEROUS PLANTS are fuch as abound 

 r with a milky luice, as the Euphorbia, Sonchus, L51C- 



&cr: 





iT tuca, 



LACTUCA. Tourn. Inft. R. H. 473. tab. 267- 

 Lin". Gen. Plant. 814. [fo called froni. lac, Lat. 



' milk, becaufe the leaves, ftalks, flower, and branch, 

 being broken, plentifully emit a milk, or white milky 

 juice, quickly turning yellow and bitterilh.] Lettuce j 



• in French, Laitiie, 



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The Characters are. 







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The flc^jjers are compofed of fever al hermaphrodite f.i 

 inclofed in one fcaly oblong empalement ^ thefe lie over 



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Jlightly indented' at the end in three or f 



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h five fhort hairy flamina j the oval gcrmen fiip 



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